Topic of the Week: Mixtures, Solutions, and Suspensions

WEEK OF NOVEMBER 7TH

Homework:• read section pgs 96 – 99• 4.3 Section Review

SWBAT:• list the four categories of matter• explain the difference between homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures• compare and contrast solutions to suspensions

Class work/Labs:• Mystery Mixtures• Comparing Solutions to Suspensions

Quick Write!1. What categories can matter be

classified into?2. Why is matter not classified into their

different phases?

MONDAY, NOVEMBER 7TH

SWBAT:• list the four categories of matter• explain the difference between homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures

Homework:• read section pgs 96 – 99• 4.3 Section Review

Quick Write!1. Take a lab and read the steps.2. Define heterogeneous and

homogeneous mixtures on the lab packet.

WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 9TH

SWBAT:• Identify the difference between homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures• Make observations and conclusions

Homework:• read section pgs 96 – 99• 4.3 Section Review• Complete the lab

WHAT YOU KNOW ABOUT MATTER

Four phases of Matter: 1. Solid2. Liquid 3. Gas4. Plasma

Four Phase Changes of Matter

1. Melting2. Freezing3. Condensing4. vaporization

What is new!• Matter is classified according to makeup:

Four classifications:1. mixtures2.Solutions3.Elements4.compounds

SCIENTISTS ASK THEMSELVES THESE QUESTIONS?

Is the matter uniform throughout?Can it be separated by physical

means?Can it be separated by chemical

means?

By asking these questions scientists can classify matter into:1. Mixtures 2. Elements3. Compounds

MIXTURES

two or more substances that are not chemically combined with each other and can be separated by physical means.

The substances in a mixture retain their individual properties.

Example:Solutions – a special kind of mixture

where one substance dissolves in another.

Quick Write!1. List 3 descriptions of heterogeneous

mixtures.2. Write down 3 examples of

heterogeneous mixtures.

TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 8TH

SWBAT:• explain the difference between homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures

Homework:• due Thursday• read section pgs 96 – 99• 4.3 Section Review

IS IT UNIFORM THROUGHOUT? If the answer is no, the matter is a

heterogeneous mixture. What it means to be heterogeneous:

Considered the “least mixed.”Does not appear to be the same

throughout.Particles are large and can be seen.Particles can be separated from mixture.Separates upon standing

EXAMPLES OF HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURES Sand and pebbles Oil and water Powdered iron and powdered sulfur

NEXT QUESTION, IS IT UNIFORM THROUGHOUT? If the answer is yes, the matter is

homogeneous (appears to be the same throughout).

But can be a mixture, element or compound

CAN IT BE SEPARATED BY PHYSICAL MEANS? If the answer is yes, the matter is a

homogeneous mixture or solution.

HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES A mixture that appears to be the same

throughout. It is “well mixed.” The particles that make up the mixture

are very small and not easily recognizable.

These particles do not settle when the mixture is set to stand.Two Types of Homogeneous

Mixtures:SolutionsColloids

EXAMPLES OF HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES

Milk, toothpaste, and mayonnaise are homogeneousmixtures. They are also colloids.

CLOSURE1. Write 3

descriptions to help you identify homogeneous mixtures.

Quick Write!1. Notes

THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 10TH

SWBAT:• explain what a colloid is • what is the difference between solvents and solutes

Homework:• read workbook pgs 15-23• complete all pages due next Friday!

COLLOIDS In a colloid the

particles are mixed together but not dissolved.

The particles are relatively large and are kept permanently suspended.

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COLLOIDS A colloid will not separate upon standing.

The particles are constantly colliding, and this allows a colloid to scatter light – colloids seem cloudy.

Name ExampleFog

(liquid in gas)Clouds

Smoke(solid in a gas)

Smoke

Foam(gas in a liquid)

Whipped cream

Emulsion(liquid in liquid)

Mayonnaise

Sol(solid in liquid)

Paint

Gel(liquid in a

solid)

butter

Types of Colloids

SOLUTIONS A solution is a type of homogeneous

mixture formed when one substance dissolves in another.

best mixed of all mixtures A solution always has a substance

that is dissolved and a substance that does the dissolving.

The substance that is dissolved is the solute and the substance that does the dissolving is the solvent.

OCEAN WATER IS A SOLUTION

THE UNIVERSAL SOLVENT: WATER

WATER AS A SOLVENT Many liquid solutions contain water as

the solvent. Ocean water is basically a water

solution that contains many salts. Body fluids are also water solutions.

WHAT IS A SOLUTE?

The substance that does the dissolving

WHAT IS A SOLVENT?

• The substance that is being dissolved

CLOSURE Answer the following:1. What is a colloid?2. What is a pure substance?3. Why are elements pure substances?4. What is an atom?5. Write the chemical symbols for:

1. Lead2. Sulfur3. Sodium4. Helium5. nitrogen

Solubility Elements Compounds Periodic table

TOPICS OF THE WEEKMONDAY, NOVEMBER 14TH

SWBAT:• explain what is solubility • what is the difference between solids and gases and their solubility• periodic table• Elements, compounds and atoms

Homework:• read workbook pgs 15-23• complete all pages byFriday!• List 10 chemical elements that can be found in your house• Quiz Wednesday

Quick Write!1. What is solubility?2. What is the relationship of temperature

and solubility? Is the relationship the same for gases and

solids?

MONDAY, NOVEMBER 14TH

SWBAT:• explain what is solubility • what is the difference between solids and gases and solubility

Homework:• read workbook pgs 15-23• complete all pages due Friday!• find 10 chemical elements that can be found in your house by Friday• Quiz Wednesday

TYPES OF SOLUTIONS

Gas GasGas Liquid

Solid Liquid

Solute Solvent Example

Solid Solid

Metals dissolved in metals are called alloys.

TYPES OF SOLUTIONS

Gas GasGas Liquid

Solid Liquid

Solute Solvent Example

Solid Solid

Metals dissolved in metals are called alloys.

TYPES OF SOLUTIONS

Gas Gas Air (oxygen in nitrogen)Gas Liquid Soda water (carbon

dioxide in water)Solid Liquid Ocean water (salt in

water)

Solute Solvent Example

Solid Solid Gold jewelry (copper in gold)

Metals dissolved in metals are called alloys.

AIR IS A SOLUTION OF OXYGEN AND OTHER GASES DISSOLVED IN NITROGEN

SOLUBILITY Soluble:

A substance that can dissolve in another substance

Insoluble:A substance that does not dissolve in water

Solubility:A given solute can be dissolved in a given

amount of solvent at a certain temperature.As temperature increases so does the

solubility of a solidAs temperature increase solubility of gas

decreases

ALLOYS

Brass is an alloy of copperand zinc.

Stainless steel is a mixtureof iron and chromium.

CAN IT BE SEPARATED BY PHYSICAL MEANS? If the answer is no, the matter is a pure

substance.An element

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Elements – simplest form of pure substance. cannot be broken into anything else

Compounds – pure substances that are the unions of two or more elements. can be broken by chemical means.

ELEMENTS Elements are the simplest pure substance.

They can not be changed into a simpler substance by any chemical process.

The smallest particle of an element is called an atom.Atom: basic building block of matter.

There are more than 100 known elements in the universettp://www.fossweb.com/CA/modules3-6/Mi

xturesandSolutions/activities/periodictable.html

ELEMENTS All elements are

made of atoms. Each atom has

subatomic particles:ProtonNeutron Electron

ELEMENTS In 1813, a system of

representing elements with symbols was introduced. Each symbol consists of one

or two letters. Two letters are needed for a

chemical symbol when the first letter of that element’s name has already been used.

IDENTIFY SOME COMMON ELEMENTSAluminumBromineCalciumCarbonGoldHeliumHydrogenNitrogen

IDENTIFY SOME COMMON ELEMENTSAluminum AlBromine BrCalcium CaCarbon CGold AuHelium HeHydrogen HNitrogen N

COMPOUNDS

Are pure substances. Are made from more

than one element. Example:

Water is a compound.Water can be broken

down into simpler substances:hydrogen and oxygen.

CLOSURE Answer the following:1. What is a colloid?2. What is a pure substance?3. Why are elements pure substances?4. What is an atom?5. Write the chemical symbols for:

1. Lead2. Sulfur3. Sodium4. Helium5. nitrogen