Tool Use & Safety

Tool Types

Proper Tool Usage

Safety

Types of Material Processing

Tools Used to Separate Material

Cutting Tools

Basic Rules of Cutting & Shaping

The larger the cutting tools teeth, the more material will be removed.

The farther the cutting tools teeth are from each other, the rougher the material will be.

Hence, the larger the teeth and the farther they are from each other….the greater amount of material removed and the rougher the surface.

Basic Rules of Cutting & Shaping Cont.

The wider the blade the straighter the cut. When using hand tools (power or manual)

use both hands. Use jigs to guide a tool through a material. Use fixtures to guide material through a

tool. Always clamp down projects when passing

a cutting tool through a material (power or manual).

Assorted Hand Saws

Crosscut Saw

Tension / Back Saw

Dove Tail Saw

Hack Saw

Saw Teeth

The position of the teeth determines what the direction of the cutting stroke will be.

Teeth Direction

Cutting Stroke

Single Tooth Cutting Tools

ChiselsKnife

Plane

Planes

Files & Shapers

Files

Used for shaping and the removal of intermediate amounts of material

Cleaning a File

Rasp Files

Surforms / Shapers

Hot Wire Foam Cutter

Keep foam on table

Never touch hot wire

Elements of Machine Tools

Cutting Motions

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Table Saw

Band Saw

General Band Saw Safety

Set Guard height ¼ - ½ above thickness of material to be cut.

Only use the guard adjustment knob, never the blade tension (top) or positioning knob (back).

Guard Adjustment Knob

Band Saw with Fixtures

Use RIP FENCE to make repeatedOr long straight cuts Use a MITER to make angled

or straight cuts

Scroll Saw

Scroll Saw Chattering

Due to the reciprocating nature of the blade, the material can CHATTER (move up and down rapidly).

Avoid chattering by holding down firmly on material while advancing the material

Up

Down

Scroll Saw Additional Information

Adjust table height by loosening the adjustment knob under the table.

Jigs and Fixtures are not needed due to the freestyle cutting techniques.

Adjustment Knob

Drilling

General Rules for DrillingMake sure the bit is straight and secure in the chuck before starting.

Make sure that the key is removed from work area before starting.

Always clamp projects down to the table, or in a table vise.

Always return drill bits to case when finished

Proceed slowly when advancing the drill bit

Key vs. Keyless Drill Chucks

Keyless Chuck

Keyed Chuck

Key

Assorted Drill Bits

Hole Saws

Forster Bit

Common / Twist Drill Bit

Anatomy of a Drill Bit

Clamping Material

Table height adjustment

Aligning the Drill Bit & Table

The hole in the center of the table is for the drill bit to pass through.

Align the bit so it can pass through the hole.

The idea is for the drill bit to go all the way through the material and into the hole…not into the table.

Aligning the Drill Bit & Table

If the drill bit is to large to fit into the hole…….

Get a piece of scrap wood to coverAnd protect the table.

Portable Drills

Sanders

Belt Sander

A minimum of ½ inch material thickness is required to use the sander.

This thickness provides adequate material to grip the material while using the machine

Belt Type Sander

Disk Sander

When using smaller pieces of material, (on a counter clockwise rotating disk sander) use the left side of the table.

This will keep the material securely on the table

Portable Belt & Palm Sanders

Always secure material in a vise or with a clamp when using belt sanders and/or palm sanders.

Never use any sander unless all the safety guards are in place.

Sand Paper Used to smooth objects,

remove small amounts of material, and do minor shaping.

The number on the back determines how many sand granules per sq/in. Also known as grit.

The larger the number, the more grains per sq/in.

100 Grit

150 Grit

320 Grit