© 2006 Wellesley Information Services. All rights reserved.© 2006 Wellesley Information Services. All rights reserved.

Converting aJSR-168 Portletto an SAP iView

Martin SnyderWingspan Technology

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What We’ll Cover …

• Introduction• Hello World Example• JSP-based Example• Personalization Example• Advanced Topics• Wrap-up

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What We’ll Cover …

• Introduction• Hello World Example• JSP-based Example• Personalization Example• Advanced Topics• Wrap-up

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Introduction

• JSR-168 (Java Specification Request) defines a standard that allows portlets written in Java to run in multiple portal frameworks

• SAP Enterprise Portal 6.0 does not support the JSR-168 standard, it only supports the SAP proprietary API as part of the SAP Portal Developer’s Kit

• Understanding both APIs enables developers to operate in today’s environment, but also keep an eye on the future

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In This Session ...

• Understand the similarities and differences associated with the two portal APIs

• Examine a series of examples migrating JSR-168 portlets to SAP iViews

• Portlet API• Deployment archive format• Deployment descriptor format

• Advanced topics discussion• Identify additional resources• Recap key points

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What We’ll Cover …

• Introduction• Hello World Example• JSP-based Example• Personalization Example• Advanced Topics• Wrap-up

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Goal

• Convert a simple JSR-168 portlet to run as an SAP iView

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JSR-168 Hello World Portletpackage com.wingspan.example.jsr168;

import javax.portlet.*;import java.io.*;

public class HelloWorldPortlet extends GenericPortlet{

public void doView(RenderRequest request, RenderResponse response)

throws PortletException, IOException{

response.setContentType("text/html");

PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();writer.println("<h3>Hello World Portlet Content</h3>");writer.flush();

}}

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SAP Hello World iViewpackage com.wingspan.example.sap;

import com.sapportals.portal.prt.component.*;

public class HelloWorldIView extends AbstractPortalComponent{

public void doContent(IPortalComponentRequest request, IPortalComponentResponse response){

response.write("<h3>Hello World Portlet Content</h3>");}

}

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That Was Too Easy

• One-to-one correlation of classes, methods• Mechanics are only slightly different• We’re not done yet …

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Deployment Archives

JSR-168 Portlets (WAR)

SAP iViews (PAR)

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JSR-168 Deployment Descriptors – web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems,

Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN" "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd">

<web-app><display-name>Wingspan JSR-168 Example Portlets

Web Application</display-name><description>These portlets cannot be accessed outside

of a JSR-168 Portlet container</description><welcome-file-list>

<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file></welcome-file-list>

</web-app>

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JSR-168 Deployment Descriptors – portlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><portlet-app version="1.0"

xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/portlet/portlet-app_1_0.xsd" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/portlet/portlet-app_1_0.xsd http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/portlet/portlet-app_1_0.xsd"><portlet>

<description xml:lang="EN">Wingspan Hello World JSR-168 Portlet</description>

<portlet-name>WingspanHelloWorld</portlet-name><display-name xml:lang="EN">Wingspan Hello World JSR-168

Portlet</display-name><portlet-class>com.wingspan.example.jsr168.HelloWorldPort

let</portlet-class>

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JSR-168 Deployment Descriptors – portlet.xml (cont.)

<expiration-cache>0</expiration-cache><supports>

<mime-type>text/html</mime-type> <portlet-mode>view</portlet-mode></supports><supported-locale>en</supported-locale><portlet-info>

<title>Wingspan Hello World JSR-168 Portlet</title><short-title>Hello World Portlet</short-title><keywords>Example Portlet</keywords>

</portlet-info></portlet>

</portlet-app>

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SAP iView Deployment Descriptor – portalapp.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><application> <application-config> <property name="Vendor" value="wingspan.com" /> <property name="SecurityArea" value="Wingspan" /> </application-config> <components> <component name="HelloWorld"> <component-config> <property name="ClassName"

value="com.wingspan.example.sap.HelloWorldIView" /> <property name="SafetyLevel" value="no_safety" /> </component-config>

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SAP iView Deployment Descriptor – portalapp.xml (cont.)

<component-profile/> </component> </components><services/></application>

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Summary – Conversion Steps

• Convert GenericPortlet to AbstractPortalComponent• Convert doView method to doContent• Update signature on init method• Convert portlet.xml to portalapp.xml

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Deployment Demonstration

• Liferay Portal Professional 3.6.1• Open source portal (MIT license)• http://www.liferay.com• Console deployment▶ Download build.xml from www.liferay.com▶ Edit build.xml for your server runtime▶ Deploy

• SAP Enterprise Portal 6.0 SP 9• Web-based deployment• Navigate to: System Administration▶ Support

▪ Portal Runtime➢ Administration Console

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What We’ll Cover …

• Introduction• Hello World Example• JSP-based Example• Personalization Example• Advanced Topics• Wrap-up

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Goal

• Examine a JSR-168 portlet that dispatches rendering to a JSP page

• Implement a similar dispatching mechanism in an SAP iView

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JSR-168 JSP Portlet package com.wingspan.example.jsr168;

import java.io.*;import javax.portlet.*;

public class JSPPortlet extends GenericPortlet{ private String _portletPath = null;

public void init(PortletConfig config) throws PortletException { super.init(config);

_portletPath = config.getInitParameter("portlet.jsp.path"); if(null == _portletPath) throw new UnavailableException("portlet.jsp.path init-param not

set in portlet.xml for " + config.getPortletName()); }

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JSR-168 JSP Portlet (cont.) public void doView(RenderRequest request, RenderResponse

response) throws PortletException, IOException { include( request, response, "view.jsp" ); }

protected void include(RenderRequest request, RenderResponse response, String page) throws PortletException, IOException

{ response.setContentType( "text/html" );

PortletRequestDispatcher rd = getPortletContext().getRequestDispatcher( _portletPath + page );

rd.include( request, response ); }}

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SAP JSP iView package com.wingspan.example.sap;

import com.sapportals.portal.prt.component.*;import com.sapportals.portal.prt.resource.*;

public class JSPIView extends AbstractPortalComponent{ private String _portletPath = null;

public void init( IPortalComponentConfig config ) throws PortalComponentException

{ super.init(config); _portletPath = config.getProperty( "portlet.jsp.path" ); if(null == _portletPath) throw new PortalComponentException( "portlet.jsp.path property

not set in portalapp.xml" ); }

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SAP JSP iView (cont.) public void doContent(IPortalComponentRequest request,

IPortalComponentResponse response) { include(request, response, "view.jsp"); }

protected void include(IPortalComponentRequest request, IPortalComponentResponse response, String page)

{ request.getServletRequest().setAttribute("sap.request", request); request.getServletRequest().setAttribute("sap.response",

response);

IResource res = request.getResource(IResource.JSP, "/jsp" + _portletPath + page);

if (res.isAvailable()) response.include(request, res); }}

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view.jsp

<h3>JSP Portlet Content</h3>

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Deployment Archives

JSR-168 Portlets (WAR)

SAP iViews (PAR)

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JSR-168 Deployment Descriptor – portlet.xml <portlet>

<description xml:lang="EN">Wingspan JSP JSR-168 Portlet</description><portlet-name>WingspanJSP</portlet-name><display-name xml:lang="EN">Wingspan JSP JSR-168 Portlet</display-name><portlet-class>com.wingspan.example.jsr168.JSPPortlet</portlet-class><init-param>

<name>portlet.jsp.path</name><value>/jspportlet/</value>

</init-param><expiration-cache>0</expiration-cache><supports>

<mime-type>text/html</mime-type><portlet-mode>view</portlet-mode>

</supports>

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JSR-168 Deployment Descriptor – portlet.xml (cont.)

<supported-locale>en</supported-locale><portlet-info>

<title>Wingspan JSP JSR-168 Portlet</title><short-title>JSP Portlet</short-title><keywords>Example Portlet</keywords>

</portlet-info></portlet>

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SAP iView Deployment Descriptor – portalapp.xml

<component name="JSP"> <component-config> <property name="ClassName" value="com.wingspan.example.sap.JSPIView"

/> <property name="SafetyLevel" value="no_safety" /> <property name="portlet.jsp.path" value="/jspportlet/" /> </component-config> <component-profile/> </component>

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Summary – Conversion Steps

• Store JSP filename in portlet descriptor• Read JSP filename in portlet init• Dispatch rendering to JSP file in doView/DoContent• Store API objects as attributes on the request object

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Portlet Demonstration

• Liferay Portal Professional 3.6.1• Create new page• Add portlets to page

• SAP Enterprise Portal 6.0 SP 9• Create iView instances• Create new page• Link iViews to page

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What We’ll Cover …

• Introduction• Hello World Example• JSP-based Example• Personalization Example• Advanced Topics• Wrap-up

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Goal

• Convert per-user settings storage in a JSR-168 portlet to an SAP iView

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JSR-168 view.jsp<%@ page import=" javax.portlet.*" %><%

RenderRequest portletRenderRequest = (RenderRequest)request.getAttribute("javax.portlet.request");RenderResponse portletRenderResponse =

(RenderResponse)request.getAttribute("javax.portlet.response");PortletConfig portletConfig =

(PortletConfig)request.getAttribute("javax.portlet.config");

String thingToRemember = portletRenderRequest.getPreferences().getValue("forgetmenot", null);if (null == thingToRemember || "".equals(thingToRemember))

thingToRemember = "... to remember something.";%><h3>Don't forget: <%= thingToRemember %></h3>

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SAP view.jsp<%@ page import=" com.sapportals.portal.prt.component.*" %><%

IPortalComponentRequest sapRequest = (IPortalComponentRequest)request.getAttribute("sap.request");IPortalComponentResponse sapResponse =

(IPortalComponentResponse)request.getAttribute("sap.response");IPortalComponentProfile profile =

sapRequest.getComponentContext().getProfile();

String thingToRemember = (String)profile.getProperty("forgetmenot");if (null == thingToRemember || "".equals(thingToRemember))

thingToRemember = "... to remember something.";%><h3>Don't forget: <%= thingToRemember %></h3>

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JSR-168 Personalized Portlet package com.wingspan.example.jsr168;

import java.io.*;import javax.portlet.*;

public class PersonalizedPortlet extends JSPPortlet{ public void doEdit(RenderRequest request, RenderResponse

response) throws PortletException, IOException { include( request, response, "edit.jsp" ); }

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JSR-168 Personalized Portlet (cont.) public void processAction( ActionRequest request, ActionResponse

response ) throws PortletException, IOException { String thingToRemember = request.getParameter("forgetmenot"); if (null != thingToRemember) { PortletPreferences prefs = request.getPreferences();

prefs.setValue("forgetmenot", thingToRemember); prefs.store();

response.setWindowState(WindowState.NORMAL); response.setPortletMode(PortletMode.VIEW); } }}

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SAP Personalized iView package com.wingspan.example.sap;

import com.sapportals.portal.prt.component.*;

public class PersonalizedIView extends JSPIView{

public void doEdit(IPortalComponentRequest request, IPortalComponentResponse response){

IPortalComponentProfile profile = request.getComponentContext().getProfile();

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SAP Personalized iView (cont.)String postedValue = request.getParameter("forgetmenot");if (null != postedValue){

profile.setProperty("forgetmenot", postedValue);profile.store();

response.write("<script> \n");response.write("\twindow.opener.document.location.reload();

\n");response.write("\twindow.close();");response.write("</script> \n");

}else{

// Generate edit.jsp output}

}}

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JSR-168 edit.jsp<%@ page import=" javax.portlet.*" %><%

RenderRequest portletRenderRequest = (RenderRequest)request.getAttribute("javax.portlet.request");RenderResponse portletRenderResponse =

(RenderResponse)request.getAttribute("javax.portlet.response");PortletConfig portletConfig =

(PortletConfig)request.getAttribute("javax.portlet.config");

String thingToRemember = portletRenderRequest.getPreferences().getValue("forgetmenot", "");

%>

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JSR-168 edit.jsp (cont.)<form method="POST" action="<%=

portletRenderResponse.createActionURL() %>" onsubmit="return validate()"><table style="width: 100%">

<tr><td style="width: 1%; white-space: nowrap">Remember

this:</td><td style="width: 99%">

<input type="text" name="forgetmenot" id="forgetmenot" style="width: 100%"

value="<%= thingToRemember %>" /></td>

</tr></table><input type="submit" value="Remember!" />

</form>

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JSR-168 edit.jsp (cont.)<script>

function validate(){

var oInput = document.getElementById('forgetmenot');if (null != oInput && oInput.value.length > 0)

return true;

alert('You cannot remember the empty string. What\'s the point?');

return false;}

</script>

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SAP edit.jsp

• Our include technique does not work properly on Enterprise Portal 6.0

• Users see a blank page instead of our generated HTML• Output is rendered directly by doEdit method

String thingToRemember = (String)profile.getProperty("forgetmenot");

response.write("<form method=\"POST\" action=\"\" onsubmit=\"return validate()\"> \n");

response.write("\t<table style=\"width: 100%\"> \n");response.write("\t\t<tr> \n");response.write("\t\t\t<td style=\"width: 1%; white-space: nowrap\">Remember

this:</td> \n");response.write("\t\t\t<td style=\"width: 99%\"><input type=\"text\"

name=\"forgetmenot\" id=\"forgetmenot\" style=\"width: 100%\" value=\"" + thingToRemember + "\" /></td> \n");

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SAP edit.jsp (cont.)response.write("\t\t</tr> \n");response.write("\t</table> \n");response.write("\t<input type=\"submit\" value=\"Remember!\" /> \n");response.write("</form> \n");response.write("<script> \n");response.write("\tfunction validate() \n");response.write("\t{ \n");response.write("\t\tvar oInput = document.getElementById('forgetmenot'); \n");response.write("\t\tif (null != oInput && oInput.value.length > 0) \n");response.write("\t\t\treturn true; \n");response.write(" \n");response.write("\t\talert('You cannot remember the empty string. What\\\'s the

point?'); \n");response.write("\t\treturn false; \n");response.write("\t} \n");response.write("</script> \n");

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Summary – Conversion Steps

• Move POST handling logic from processAction to doEdit• Do not use JSP files for SAP iView personalization• Convert PortletPreferences usage to

IPortalComponentProfile

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Portlet Demonstration

• Liferay Portal Professional 3.6.1• Add portlet to page• Apply user customization

• SAP Enterprise Portal 6.0 SP 9• Create iView instance• Link iView to page• Apply user customization

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What We’ll Cover …

• Introduction• Hello World Example• JSP-based Example• Personalization Example• Advanced Topics• Wrap-up

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Popup Windows

• Separate issues make implementing popup windows a challenge in both environments

• Many JSR-168 implementations do not properly manage session information between portlets and popups

• SAP Enterprise Portal requires that popup requests be routed through specialized iViews

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Java Servlets

• Servlets are supported in both environments, however • They are registered differently▶ JSR-168: Registered in web.xml▶ SAP iView: Registered in portalapp.xml

• They are invoked differently▶ JSR-168: Accessed via normal web.xml URL▶ SAP iView: Accessed via SAP EP-specific URL

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Abstract API

• If you plan on migrating from one API to the other, consider developing an API abstraction

• Start with the following objects• Request• Response• Preferences/Profile

• Instantiate classes implementing your API in classes like JSPPortlet and JSPIView

• Set these objects as attributes on the Java Servlet HTTPServletRequest

• Write JSP files to your abstract APIs

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What We’ll Cover …

• Introduction• Hello World Example• JSP-based Example• Personalization Example• Advanced Topics• Wrap-up

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Summary – Conversion Steps

• Convert GenericPortlet to AbstractPortalComponent• Convert doView method to doContent• Update signature on init method• Convert portlet.xml to portalapp.xml• Store JSP filename in portlet descriptor• Read JSP filename in portlet init• Dispatch rendering to JSP file in doView/DoContent• Store API objects as attributes on the request object

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Summary – Conversion Steps (cont.)

• Move POST handling logic from processAction to doEdit• Do not use JSP files for SAP iView personalization• Convert PortletPreferences usage to

IPortalComponentProfile

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Resources

• JSR 168 Specification• http://www.jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=168

• SAP Portal Development Kit• https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/developerareas/ep

(Downloads section on right)▶ Requires login credentials to the SAP Service Marketplace

• Dr. Dobbs Journal• “Developing JSR-168 Portlets,” Ted O’Connor and Martin

Snyder, October 2005 issue (#377)• Downloadable Examples

• http://www.wingspan.com/downloads/SAPConference2006.zip

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7 Key Points to Take Home

• The JSR-168 specification allows portlets to run within multiple frameworks

• JSR-168 is not supported by SAP Enterprise Portal 6.0• Migrating between the two is not difficult with the

proper guidance• Implementing (and migrating) popups and servlets is

harder than our examples, but it is achievable

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7 Key Points to Take Home (cont.)

• Be aware of differences in deployment descriptors and procedures

• Consider building an abstract API layer so JSP pages will work in both (or either) environment

• Download this presentation and example project

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Your Turn!

How to contact me:Martin Snyder

msnyder@wingspan.com