Post on 17-Jun-2015
The Thyroid and Your HealthThe Thyroid and Your Health
Hormones and Your HealthHormones and Your Health
What Is a Hormone?
Which Ones Especially Affect Women?
What Can Go Wrong?
Thyroid Disease - a “Hidden” Problem for Women
Staying Healthy
What Is a Hormone?
Which Ones Especially Affect Women?
What Can Go Wrong?
Thyroid Disease - a “Hidden” Problem for Women
Staying Healthy
What Are Hormones?What Are Hormones?
Chemicals That Are ReleasedInto the Bloodstream
Regulators of Specific Body Functions
Chemicals That Are ReleasedInto the Bloodstream
Regulators of Specific Body Functions
The Endocrine SystemThe Endocrine System
HypothalamusHypothalamus
Pituitary GlandPituitary Gland
ParathyroidGlands
(located on each side of the trachea and near the
thyroid)
ParathyroidGlands
(located on each side of the trachea and near the
thyroid)
PancreasPancreas
TestesTestes
Thyroid GlandThyroid Gland
Adrenal GlandsAdrenal Glands
OvariesOvaries
Negative Feedback LoopNegative Feedback Loop
Hormones of Special Interest to WomenHormones of Special Interest to Women
Thyroxine (T4)Thyronine (T3)Thyroxine (T4)Thyronine (T3)
ProgesteroneProgesteroneEstrogenEstrogen
Thyroid DiseaseThyroid Disease
The “Hidden” Health ProblemThe “Hidden” Health Problem
Who do you know with thyroid disease?Who do you know with thyroid disease?
What Does Your Thyroid Gland Do for You?What Does Your Thyroid Gland Do for You?
Produces Two Hormones Called • Thyroxine (T4)• Thyronine (T3)
Regulates Metabolism so Your Cells Function Properly
Affects Every Cell in the Body
Produces Two Hormones Called • Thyroxine (T4)• Thyronine (T3)
Regulates Metabolism so Your Cells Function Properly
Affects Every Cell in the Body
• Thyroid Disease Can Have Widespread Effects
Thyroid
• Increased LDL Cholesterol
• ElevatedTriglycerides
Liver
• Constipation
• Decreased GI
Activity
Intestines
• Decreased Fertility
• Menstrual Abnormalities
• May Harm Development of Infant
ReproductiveSystem
• Depression
• Decreased Concentration• General Lack of Interest
Brain
• Decreased Heart Rate• Increased/Decreased
Blood Pressure• Decreased Cardiac
Output
• Decreased Heart Rate• Increased/Decreased
Blood Pressure• Decreased Cardiac
Output
HeartHeart
• Decreased Function
• Fluid Retention and
Edema
Kidneys
Thyroid Disease AffectsMany Body Systems and Overall Health
Thyroid Disease AffectsMany Body Systems and Overall Health
Thyroid Hormone AffectsMany Organs and General Health
Thyroid Hormone AffectsMany Organs and General Health
ThyroidThyroid
UterusUterus
HeartHeart
LiverLiverKidneyKidney
BrainBrain
SkinSkin GI TractGI Tract
LungsLungsEyesEyes
When the Thyroid Doesn’t WorkWhen the Thyroid Doesn’t Work
HyperthyroidismHyperthyroidism HypothyroidismHypothyroidism
Two Common Types of Thyroid DiseaseTwo Common Types of Thyroid Disease
HyperthyroidismHyperthyroidism HypothyroidismHypothyroidism
When the Thyroid Doesn’t WorkWhen the Thyroid Doesn’t Work
Hyperthyroidism
• Too Much Thyroid Hormone
• Metabolism Speeds Up
Hyperthyroidism
• Too Much Thyroid Hormone
• Metabolism Speeds Up
Hypothyroidism
• Too Little Thyroid Hormone
• Metabolism Slows Down
Hypothyroidism
• Too Little Thyroid Hormone
• Metabolism Slows Down
HyperthyroidismHyperthyroidism
Affects About 1% of the U.S. Population
or Two Million Americans
More Common Among Women
Affects About 1% of the U.S. Population
or Two Million Americans
More Common Among Women
Signs and Symptoms Of HyperthyroidismSigns and Symptoms Of Hyperthyroidism
Bulging Eyes/Unblinking Stare
Menstrual Irregularities or
Light Period
Excessive Vomiting in Pregnancy
First-Trimester MiscarriageFamily History of
Thyroid Disease
or Diabetes
Nervousness
Irritability
Difficulty Sleeping
Swelling (Goiter)
Frequent Bowel Movements
Warm, Moist Palms
Hoarseness orDeepening of Voice
Difficulty Swallowing
Rapid or Irregular Heartbeat
Infertility
Weight Loss
Heat Intolerance
Increased Sweating
PersistentSore or Dry Throat
Common Signs and Symptomsof Hyperthyroidism
Common Signs and Symptomsof Hyperthyroidism
Nervousness
Irritability
Difficulty Sleeping
Bulging Eyes
Unblinking Stare
Goiter
Rapid Heartbeat
Nervousness
Irritability
Difficulty Sleeping
Bulging Eyes
Unblinking Stare
Goiter
Rapid Heartbeat
Increased Sweating
Heat Intolerance
Unexplained Weight Loss
Scant Menstrual Periods
Frequent Bowel Movements
Warm, Moist Palms
Fine Tremor of Fingers
Increased Sweating
Heat Intolerance
Unexplained Weight Loss
Scant Menstrual Periods
Frequent Bowel Movements
Warm, Moist Palms
Fine Tremor of Fingers
May Include:May Include:
If You Have Hyperthyroidism,You’re in Good Company
If You Have Hyperthyroidism,You’re in Good Company
Barbara Bush1984
Pre-treatment
Barbara Bush1984
Pre-treatment
Barbara Bush1991
Post-treatment
Barbara Bush1991
Post-treatment
Hypothyroidism:The Hidden Health Problem
Hypothyroidism:The Hidden Health Problem
Affects Up to 25 Million Americans
ButBut
Affects Up to 25 Million Americans
ButBut
Approximately 12 Million Are UndiagnosedApproximately 12 Million Are Undiagnosed
Hypothyroidism AffectsMultiple Body SystemsHypothyroidism AffectsMultiple Body Systems
Central Nervous System
Central Nervous System
Female Reproductive
System
Female Reproductive
System
Cardiovascular System
Cardiovascular System
Hypothyroidism Can Cause Serious Harm to Your HealthHypothyroidism Can Cause Serious Harm to Your Health
Tiredness
Forgetfulness/Slower Thinking
Moodiness/ Irritability
Depression
Inability to Concentrate
Thinning Hair or Hair Loss
Loss of Body Hair
Dry, Patchy Skin
Weight Gain
Cold Intolerance
Elevated CholesterolMuscle Weakness or Cramps
Constipation
Infertility
Menstrual Irregularities/
Heavy Period
Slower Heartbeat
Difficulty Swallowing
Persistent Dry or Sore Throat
Hoarseness/
Deepening of Voice
Swelling (Goiter)
Puffy Eyes
Signs and Symptoms of HypothyroidismSigns and Symptoms of Hypothyroidism
Common Signs and Symptomsof Hypothyroidism
Common Signs and Symptomsof Hypothyroidism
Tiredness
Loss of Interest and/or Pleasure
Forgetfulness
Dry, Coarse Hair
Loss of Lateral Eyebrow Hair
Puffy Face and Eyes
Goiter
Tiredness
Loss of Interest and/or Pleasure
Forgetfulness
Dry, Coarse Hair
Loss of Lateral Eyebrow Hair
Puffy Face and Eyes
Goiter
Slow Heartbeat
Dry Skin
Cold Intolerance
Weight Gain
Heavy Menstrual Periods
Constipation
Brittle Nails
Slow Heartbeat
Dry Skin
Cold Intolerance
Weight Gain
Heavy Menstrual Periods
Constipation
Brittle Nails
May Include:May Include:
Hypothyroidism: The “Hidden” DiseaseHypothyroidism: The “Hidden” Disease
Cardiovascular: Slow Heartbeat Elevated Cholesterol
Cardiovascular: Slow Heartbeat Elevated Cholesterol
Aging: Dry, Scaly Skin Sparse or Coarse Hair
Aging: Dry, Scaly Skin Sparse or Coarse Hair
Gynecological: Irregular Menstruation Infertility
Gynecological: Irregular Menstruation Infertility
Gastrointestinal: Constipation Weight Gain
Gastrointestinal: Constipation Weight Gain
Muscular: Muscle Weakness Stiffness
Muscular: Muscle Weakness Stiffness
Ear, Nose & Throat: Hoarse VoiceEar, Nose & Throat: Hoarse Voice
Psychiatric: Impaired Concentration Depression Lethargy, Fatigue
Psychiatric: Impaired Concentration Depression Lethargy, Fatigue
Blood: AnemiaBlood: Anemia
How to Rememberthe Signs and Symptoms of Hypothyroidism
How to Rememberthe Signs and Symptoms of Hypothyroidism
Sleepiness, Fatigue, Lethargy
Loss of Memory, Trouble Concentrating
Unusually Dry, Coarse Skin
Goiter (Enlarged Thyroid)
Gradual Personality Change, Depression
Increase in Weight, Bloating or Puffiness (Edema)
Sensitivity to Cold
Hair Loss, Sparseness of Hair
Sleepiness, Fatigue, Lethargy
Loss of Memory, Trouble Concentrating
Unusually Dry, Coarse Skin
Goiter (Enlarged Thyroid)
Gradual Personality Change, Depression
Increase in Weight, Bloating or Puffiness (Edema)
Sensitivity to Cold
Hair Loss, Sparseness of Hair
Spectrum of Thyroid DiseaseSpectrum of Thyroid Disease
SevereSevere
MildMild
SubclinicalSubclinical
Diagnosing HypothyroidismDiagnosing Hypothyroidism
Family and personal medical history• Hypothyroidism may be
Hereditary
Physical exam• MD Observes the Patient
• Palpates the thyroid
• Interviews patient
Laboratory Tests• TSH Test
• Free T4
Family and personal medical history• Hypothyroidism may be
Hereditary
Physical exam• MD Observes the Patient
• Palpates the thyroid
• Interviews patient
Laboratory Tests• TSH Test
• Free T4
Diagnosing Thyroid DiseaseDiagnosing Thyroid Disease
Family and Medical History
Physical Examination
Laboratory Tests (TSH Test and Free T4)
Family and Medical History
Physical Examination
Laboratory Tests (TSH Test and Free T4)
TSH TestingTSH Testing
ThyroidThyroid
“Sends Telegram”“Sends Telegram”
PituitaryPituitary
T3 & T4T3 & T4
TSHTSH
Why Test Women Over 40?Why Test Women Over 40?
Early Detection
Early Treatment
Prevention of:• Organ Damage
• Unpleasant Symptoms
• Other Negative Health Consequences
Early Detection
Early Treatment
Prevention of:• Organ Damage
• Unpleasant Symptoms
• Other Negative Health Consequences
Treating Thyroid DisordersTreating Thyroid Disorders
Radioiodine Therapy
Stop Thyroid Hormone Production• Anti-thyroid Drugs Often Helpful• Replacement Therapy Often Needed
Surgery Maybe Necessary
Monitoring Tailored to Individual Patient Status and Needs
Radioiodine Therapy
Stop Thyroid Hormone Production• Anti-thyroid Drugs Often Helpful• Replacement Therapy Often Needed
Surgery Maybe Necessary
Monitoring Tailored to Individual Patient Status and Needs
HyperthyroidismHyperthyroidism
Treating Thyroid DisordersTreating Thyroid Disorders
Daily Oral Medication to Replace Missing Hormone
Individualized Dosing Adjustment to
Find the Right Dose for Each Patient
Annual Monitoring
Daily Oral Medication to Replace Missing Hormone
Individualized Dosing Adjustment to
Find the Right Dose for Each Patient
Annual Monitoring
HypothyroidismHypothyroidism
Your ResponsibilitiesYour Responsibilities
Tell Your Doctor if You Have Symptoms
Ask Your Doctor for a TSH Test and Free T4 -- Make
These Tests as Part of Your Medical Routine if You Are a
Woman Over 35
Take Your Medication as Directed
• Take Your Thyroid Medication Separately from
Iron, Calcium and Multivitamins
Do Not Change Brand or Dose of Your Thyroid Medication Without Consulting Your Doctor
If Symptoms Persist or Return, Tell Your Doctor
Tell Your Doctor if You Have Symptoms
Ask Your Doctor for a TSH Test and Free T4 -- Make
These Tests as Part of Your Medical Routine if You Are a
Woman Over 35
Take Your Medication as Directed
• Take Your Thyroid Medication Separately from
Iron, Calcium and Multivitamins
Do Not Change Brand or Dose of Your Thyroid Medication Without Consulting Your Doctor
If Symptoms Persist or Return, Tell Your Doctor
Be Your Physician’s Partnerin Your Health Care
Be Your Physician’s Partnerin Your Health Care
Prepare Any Questions You
May Have in Advance
Don’t Hesitate to Ask Them
Observe Good Health Practices:
Eat Right and Exercise
Bring Your Medications with You
When You See Your Doctor
Prepare Any Questions You
May Have in Advance
Don’t Hesitate to Ask Them
Observe Good Health Practices:
Eat Right and Exercise
Bring Your Medications with You
When You See Your Doctor
Don’t Let Your Thyroid Slow You DownDon’t Let Your Thyroid Slow You Down
Know the Signs and Symptoms
• Tell Your Doctor if You Have Any of Them
• Ask Your Doctor for a TSH Test and Free T4 if You Have Them
Take Your Medications Only as Directed by Your Physician
Don’t Skip Your Medicine -- Consistency Is the Key to Effective Treatment and Your Thyroid Health
Don’t Change Brands or Dose Unless Your Doctor Approves the Change and Monitors Your Blood Levels
Take Time to Take Care of Yourself!
Know the Signs and Symptoms
• Tell Your Doctor if You Have Any of Them
• Ask Your Doctor for a TSH Test and Free T4 if You Have Them
Take Your Medications Only as Directed by Your Physician
Don’t Skip Your Medicine -- Consistency Is the Key to Effective Treatment and Your Thyroid Health
Don’t Change Brands or Dose Unless Your Doctor Approves the Change and Monitors Your Blood Levels
Take Time to Take Care of Yourself!