Post on 16-Jan-2015
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Deviance and
Conformity
Chapter 7
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Slides by Michael Miller
Defining Deviance
Guidelines that govern thoughts, beliefs, and behaviors
Types of NormsFolkwaysMores Laws
Normative DemandPrescriptiveProscriptive
Norms
Copyright (c) 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Copyright (c) 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Criminal
Deviant
smoking
killing another
tax evasion
nudism
lying
espionage
public flatulence
jay walking
speeding
atheism
Locate the following acts…
yes
yes
no
no
Typology of Norms
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Copyright (c) 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
1. Time2. Place3. Situation 4. Culture5. Actors6. Audience 7. Media
Deviance as Relative
Deviance and Stigma
• Stigma• Characteristic that sets people apart and discredits them
from acceptance and participation
• Goffman’s Stigma Types– Abominations of the body– Blemishes of individual character– Tribal stigma
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Crime, Deviance, and Diversity
• Crime• Violation of criminal law
• Violent offenses (against person)• Nonviolent offenses (against property)
• Diversity vs. Deviance
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Copyright (c) 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Demonology to Biology
Medical Model Medicalization of Society Deviance - analogous to illness• Identify symptoms, diagnosis, treat • Cure, improve, incurable
Popular Explanations
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• Pornography / Sex crimes• Media violence / Aggressive behavior• Heavy metal / Rap music
The Media
Popular Explanations
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Structural FunctionalistDeviance is both functional and dysfunctionalDurkheim’s SuicideStrain theories• Deviance due to position in social structure
Sociological Explanations
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Table 7.1 here
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Conflict Theories• focus on inequality and power that lead
to creation of laws & enforcement
Sociological Explanations
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Interactionist TheoriesSocial Learning • All behavior is learned through social interaction• Differential Association Theory• Differential Reinforcement Theory
Social Control • Deviance is “normal” / conformity must be explained• Social Bond Theory • Containment Theory
Labeling • Deviance / Conformity = labels assigned to people and acts• Primary / Secondary deviance • Deviance as master status
Sociological Explanations
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Interactionist TheoriesTechniques of Neutralization• Denial of Responsibility• Denial of Injury• Denial of the Victim• Condemnation of the Condemners• Appeal to Higher Loyalties
Sociological Explanations
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Voluntary (Internalized)
Informal
Formal Criminal Justice System
Technomedia
Social Control