Post on 29-Dec-2015
Thinking &Problem Solving
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Types of problemsWell-defined problems
Ill-defined problems
Studying Problem Solving
Studying Problem Solving
MethodsLogic puzzles
Introspection
Generate-and-test technique
Classic Problems and Solutions
Classic Problems and SolutionsMeans-ends analysis
Current State Goal
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Working backwards
Classic Problems and Solutions
Backtracking
Classic Problems and Solutions
Classic Problems and Solutions
Backtracking
Solving by analogy
Classic Problems and Solutions
nine-dot problem six-matches problems
Blocks to Problem Solving Mental set
Figure 10-6 (p. 370)Answers to the nine-dot and the six-matches problems.
Blocks to Problem Solving Mental set
String problem.
Blocks to Problem Solving Mental set
Functional
fixedness
The mutilated checkerboard problem.
Blocks to Problem Solving Incomplete or incorrect representation
A tic-tac-toe board representation of the numbers game.
Blocks to Problem Solving Incomplete or incorrect representation
Problem SolvingTechniques for solving problems
Lack of problem-specific expertise
Problem SolvingTechniques for solving problems
Lack of problem-specific expertiseExperts vs. novices
Have more knowledge in that areaDeeper level representationCheck for errors more often
Figure 10-10 A generic problem space.
The Problem Space Hypothesis
The Problem Space Hypothesis
Path
Figure 10-12 (p. 377)A part of the problem space for the Towers of Hanoi problem, showing the solution.
The Problem Space Hypothesis
Expert Systems
CreativityUnconscious processing/ incubation
Everyday cognitions
Critical Thinking