Post on 17-Dec-2015
• They make more than ___% of the Earth’s ______ gas and form the foundation of ______ food webs.
• _______ of the Earth’s surface is covered in _______.
• Earth’s aquatic ecosystems contain _____biomass than its terrestrial ecosystems.
Hooray for phytoplankton!• Phytoplankton are microscopic
_________ which are found in vast numbers in in the oceans.
2/3rdswater
more
Why?
50oxygen
marine
EARTH’S WATER
producers
DISTRIBUTION OF EARTH’S WATER
• ___% is salt water
• ___% is fresh water
• ___% of fresh water is available for use
(most is frozen and so ________)
97
3 unusable
<1
THE WATER CYCLE DIAGRAM
water vapor
sea, oceanicebergland
lake,river
aquifer
plants
clouds
sun
What is water vapor?
1) Label your diagram.
THE WATER CYCLE DIAGRAM
What’s an iceberg?
1) Label your diagram.
water vapor
sea, oceanicebergland
lake,river
aquifer
plants
clouds
sun
Icebergs
• Icebergs are large _______ pieces of ice.
Where’s the rest of the iceberg?
floating
What’s an iceberg?
Icebergs
• Most of the iceberg is ______ the surface.below
Where’s the rest of the iceberg?What’s an iceberg?
Icebergs
• When it gets colder the water between the icebergs freeze creating ___________.
FUN!
land bridges
THE WATER CYCLE DIAGRAM
What’s an aquifer?
water vapor
sea, oceanicebergland
lake,river
aquifer
plants
clouds
sun
1) Label your diagram.
Aquifers
• Aquifers are large underground ________ for _____ water.
What’s an aquifer?
reservoirs fresh
Aquifers
• Aquifers can be accessed to make _____.
• Aquifers can be accessed
to make _____ ______.
What’s can they be used for?
wells
waterpumps
THE WATER CYCLE DIAGRAM
evaporation
1) Draw arrows.
water vapor
sea, oceaniceberg
landlake,river
aquifer
plants
clouds
sun2) Label arrows3) Provide definitions in your chart.
THE WATER CYCLE DIAGRAM
evaporation
water vapor
sea, oceaniceberg
landlake,river
aquifer
plants
clouds
sun
melting
freezing
1) Draw arrows. 2) Label arrows3) Provide definitions in your chart.
Melting and Freezing
• Melting converts ____ to _____ water.
What does melting do?
• Freezing converts _____ water into ____ water.
What does freezing do?
liquid
solidliquid
solid
THE WATER CYCLE DIAGRAM
deposition
water vapor
sea, oceaniceberg
landlake,river
aquifer
plants
clouds
sun
melting
freezing
evaporation
sublimation
1) Draw arrows. 2) Label arrows3) Provide definitions in your chart.
Sublimation and DepositionDoes hanging your wet laundry outside in the winter make sense?
Due to sublimation, the ice in the clothes will convert from a ____ state directly to the ___ state.
What does deposition do?
YES!
• Deposition converts water in the ___ state directly into the ____ state.
solid gas
solid
gas
THE WATER CYCLE DIAGRAM
condensation
water vapor
sea, oceaniceberg
landlake,river
aquifer
plants
clouds
sun
deposition
melting
freezing
evaporation
sublimation
1) Draw arrows. 2) Label arrows3) Provide definitions in your chart.
Condensation
• Condensation converts water vapor (___) into visible _____ droplets.
Why can you see your breath in the winter time but not summer?
• This usually occurs when the vapor is in contact with cold air and the droplets will be large enough to see.Explain this... and this…
liquidgas
transpiration
THE WATER CYCLE DIAGRAM
water vapor
sea, oceaniceberg
landlake,river
aquifer
plants
clouds
sun
condensation
depositionsublimation
melting
freezing
evaporation
1) Draw arrows. 2) Label arrows3) Provide definitions in your chart.
• Transpiration is the ______ of water vapor from the surface of plants.
Transpiration
Why is there water vapor on the inside of the bag?
What is transpiration?
release
• The water _________ from the leaves then it __________ on the inside of the bag.
transpiredcondensed
Transpiration
What is creating the clouds?What would happen if all the trees were cut down?
• Transpired water vapor from the trees.
• Loss of water vapor leading to less clouds and rain.
THE WATER CYCLE DIAGRAM
precipitationwater vapor
sea, oceaniceberg
landlake,river
aquifer
plants
clouds
sun
transpiration
condensation
depositionsublimation
melting
freezing
evaporation
1) Draw arrows. 2) Label arrows3) Provide definitions in your chart.
Types of Precipitation
rain
sleet
snow
Guess the types of precipitation.
Big Hail!
hail
Types of Precipitation
• Precipitation occurs when small water droplets in a cloud form rain, snow, sleet and hail which are heavy enough to fall to the Earth.
Guess the types of precipitation.
sleet
snow
hail
THE WATER CYCLE DIAGRAM
water vapor
sea, oceaniceberg land
lake,river
aquifer
plants
clouds
sun
precipitation
transpiration
condensation
depositionsublimation
melting
freezing
evaporation
percolation
1) Draw arrows. 2) Label arrows3) Provide definitions in your chart.
Percolation
• Percolation occurs when water is being ________________ through the ___.
How would deforestation effect percolation?
• Water moves through
coffee grinds.
pulled downwardssoil
• Without plant roots, to suck up the water, the speed of percolation would _______ , leading to the removal of ________ from the upper soil layers.nutrients
increase
percolation
THE WATER CYCLE DIAGRAM
run-off
water vapor
sea, oceaniceberg land
lake,river
aquifer
plants
clouds
sun
precipitation
transpiration
condensation
depositionsublimation
melting
freezing
evaporation
1) Draw arrows. 2) Label arrows3) Provide definitions in your chart.
Run-off• Run-off occurs when _____ rain water or melt water can’t be absorbed by the soil and _________ on the surface or drains into waterways.
What are negative effects of run-off?
• Soil erosion
• Water contamination with agricultural pollutants
• Local flooding
What is run-off?
excess
overflows
percolation
THE WATER CYCLE DIAGRAM
run-off
Magic School Bus – Water Cycle 1
Magic School Bus – Water Cycle 2
water vapor
sea, oceaniceberg land
lake,river
aquifer
plants
clouds
sun
precipitation
transpiration
condensation
depositionsublimation
melting
freezing
evaporation
1) Draw arrows. 2) Label arrows3) Provide definitions in your chart.
It’s making the oceans ________ which could ___________________leading to drastic climate change.
HUMAN IMPACT ON THE WATER CYCLE• GLOBAL WARMING is increasing the rate of _______ of the polar ice caps, and icebergs.
• This has two effects:
2007
1979-1981
White snow and ice ______ light.Dark water _______ light.
meltingIt creates _________ areas on the surface of the planet to absorb _________ leading to more warming.
1)
2)
reflectsabsorbs
more dark
more heat
less saltychange ocean currents
HUMAN IMPACT ON THE WATER CYCLE• GLOBAL WARMING is increasing the rate of _______ of the polar ice caps, and icebergs.
2007
1979-1981
melting
Polar Bears in Danger
This soil ends up in waterways leading to the ____________ of these areas.
Without trees ____________________ , which decreases the amount of water vapor, decreasing cloud formation causing _______________.
In wetter climates this can lead to __________. Without __________ to ______ the soil, rain can easily wash the soil away.
In drier climates this can lead to _____________. Without __________, less water is held in the topsoil and it becomes ___ and __________.
HUMAN IMPACT ON THE WATER CYCLE• DEFORESTATION can lead to two outcomes.
desertification1)
plant roots
drytranspiration decreases
less precipitation
2)soil erosion
plant roots
anchor
sedimentation
blows away
HUMAN IMPACT ON THE WATER CYCLE
• CLIMATE CHANGE is changing global patterns of ___________.
• Excessive precipitation creates ______.
• Lack of precipitation creates ________.
Record Drought in Horn of Africa - 2011Flooding in Sri Lanka - 2011
precipitation
droughtsfloods