Theoretical approaches

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This presentation explains the theories which explain the global development.

Transcript of Theoretical approaches

HUL 291: Electronic Governance

P. Vigneswara IlavarasanMS 624 | vignesh@hss.iitd.ac.inhttp://egroups.google.co.in/egov_iitd

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Agenda• Theoretical Approaches

– Modernization School– Changes– Disagreements– Alternatives

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Introduction

• Theoretical approaches• Egov as ‘ICT for Development’

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Modernization School• Developing countries to follow developed countries

• There is knowledge gap / technical know‐how

• Teach the developing countries to acquire knowledge & to communicate ‐‐> development

• Radio & Internet

Communication

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Akshat
Highlight
For example, here it must be noted that technological knowledge is not really bridging the gap. If we see the data, the spending on imported technology is increasing day-by-day. It has increased many folds over the last few years. So basically critiques argue that there no empowerment at all.

Mod..Cont

• World bank as knowledge bank• Failure of 'developmental programmes' due to audience; not the idea or tools

• Driven by government• Centralized approach

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Changes• failure of state driven economic/development policies• rise of NGOs• case for 

– decentralization – importance of cooperating with market– audience as active information seeker

• Still, argues for knowledge gap• ICT as a new tool• World bank's Infodev programme• Cheaper to diffuse the knowledge / information• Internet offers 'horizontal, global communications' (Tibet & China; Internet & Zapatistas)

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Disagreements / Criticisms

• Origins from Dependency School• no dichotomy of developing / developed countries

• network society ‐ 'dynamic segments & switched‐off territories and peoples‘

• ICTs as cheaper technologies ‐ not necessarily true for many ‐‐> Exclusion

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Akshat
Highlight
talks about digital divide

Disagree…Cont.

• Initial ‘know‐how advantages’ accumulate ‐‐> gap sustains

• Diversity / non‐western ideas can be manipulated / over powered unlike earlier days – Mozambique – Rewriting alternative history through radio

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Alternatives

• Knowledge & Power• Treated as 'independents‘ by Modernization school & others. 

• knowledge as enabler of power• Foucault  ‐ knowledge, power & legitimacy 

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Knowledge

Power

Alternat. cont• Universalization of Western knowledge ~ relations of power 

• Other knowledge forms are ignored / disqualified

• Need for inclusion of other knowledge ‐ GICT (world Bank), IDRC (Canada)

• ICTs offer opportunities for counter discourses– That needs to be recognized– Citizen centric content in egov projects

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References• Schech. S. (2002). Wired for change: The links between ICTs and development discourses. Journal of International Development, 14, 13‐23.

• Emailed..

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• Thank you!

ClarificationsQuestions

Comments

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InfoDev <

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