Post on 15-Oct-2020
Innovative and effective approaches to climate change:Experiences from the Global Climate Change Alliance
Brussels 12th-14th September 2012
Thematic Presentation: “Addressing climate
change through disaster risk reduction and
coastal zone management ”
Ms. Frances Brown-ReupenaMs. Frances Brown-Reupena
Water & Sanitation Sector Coordinator,
Samoa
Session 15, Day 2, 12th September 2012
The Water and Sanitation SectorSamoa
• Water Supply
– SWA (National Service Provider)
– IWS (MWCSD)
– Rainwater Harvesting
• Water Resource Management – MNRE
• Drinking Water Quality – MOH
• Sanitation– National Sanitation Policy – MNRE
– National Building Code – MWTI
– National Hygiene – MOH
– Wastewater Treatment Plant – SWA
– Sludge Treatment Facilities – MNRE
• Flood Mitigation (Urban Drainage) – LTA
• Sector Governance – MNRE 2
GCCA and National PlanningMainstreaming Climate Change
National Strategy – SDS
Water for Life Sector Plan
Ministry/Corporation Corporate Plans
(NAPAs 1 – 5)
Management/Implementation Plans
Budget (MTEF)3
Institutional Framework
Ministerial Coordination Committee comprising Ministers for MNRE, MOH, MWTI, MOF, MWCSD and CEOs
JWSSC with an Independent Chair and CEOs of IAs, NGOs, Private Sector
Lead Agency for the Water and Sanitation Sector
Sector Implementing Agencies
New Implementing Agencies
Key Divisions implementing sector programme
Other key Divisions providing crucial support to progamme implementation
INDEPENDENT
UPDATED SECTOR INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK - SECTOR
IMPLEMENTING AGENCIES
PARLIAMENT
CABINET
CABINET
DEVELOPMENT
COMMITTEE
Ministerial Coordination
Committee
JOINT WATER SECTOR
STEERING COMMITTEE
MINISTRY OF MINISTRY OF
Technical secretariat to the Ministerial Coordination Committee and JWSSC, overall sector policy planning and
coordination
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Procurement &
Programming
Division
Urban Water Supply
Operations
Water Sector
Coordination Unit
Health Prevention,
Promotion and
Surveillance Division
Internal Affairs
Division
Asset Managemet
Buildings
Road Operations Rural Water Supply
Operations
Water Resources
DivisionWomen's Division -
Aiga ma Nuu ManuiaLand Transport Services
Savaii Water Supply
Operations
Technical Division
Technical Services Legal Services
Forestry Renewable Energy
Land Management
COMMERCIAL- Accounts, Customer Services,
Billing & IT
Corporate Management
Planning & Urban Management Agency
PLUMBERS
ASSOCIATION
SAMOA RED
CROSS
INDEPENDENT
WATER
SCHEMES
LAND TRANSPORT
AUTHORITY
SAMOA WATER
AUTHORITY
Division of Environment and Conservation
Wastewater Management Division
MINISTRY OF
NATURAL
RESOURCES &
MINISTRY OF HEALTH
MINISTRY OF
WOMEN,
COMMUNITY &
MINISTRY OF WORKS,
TRANSPORT & INFRAS.
Meteorology - Geophysics/DMO
Coordination Framework
Cabinet
Cabinet Development
Committee (CDC)
National Water & Sanitation Coordination
Committee- Ministerial
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Samoa Water Authority Independent Water
Schemes
Drinking Water Quality
Joint Water Sector Steering Committee
(JWSSC)
(3) Technical Steering Committee
Water Supply Water Resource Management SanitationFlood Mitigation-Urban
Drainage
GCCA in the Pacific – USP (Regional)
• Pacific Islands Forum
• Pacific Islands Framework for Action on ClimateChange (PIFACC) 2006 – 2015
– Capacity Building
– Community Engagement– Community Engagement
– Applied Research
• USP – FIJI
• 16 Pacific Island Countries
• SPC – 9 Pacific Island Countries
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Introduction
• Overview of the GCCADRR and coastalmanagement zoneexperience
• Key issues from theBackground document
• Complementary issuesfrom global experience
• Some comments on theWorking Group discussiontopics
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An overview of GCCA experience
• GCCA existing and foreseen programmes havea DRR / coastal zone focus in 9 countries and 2regions.
• 5 of the country programmes and the regionalprogrammes have a major coastal zoneprogrammes have a major coastal zonecomponent.
• Other programmes include support to widerstrategies, forestry, monitoring systems anddrainage infrastructure.
• Most are in mid implementation: ~65% startedin 2011 or before.
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An overview of DRR related GCCAexperience
An example from Samoa, theprogramme aims to:
• Rehabilitate the drainage infrastructureof the Greater Apia area
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of the Greater Apia area
• Rebuild and upgrade the prioritydrainage infrastructure for stormwaterflows in Apia
• Set up of an effective drainageinfrastructure management system,and implement a maintenance plan
Key issues from the GCCADRR technical paper
Reducing vulnerability to disaster-related effects of climate change
Vulnerability reduction in the context of disaster risk reduction involves seekingopportunities to reduce exposure, reduce sensitivity and increase adaptive capacity.
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Investing in data collection and management
Reliable data are needed to support climate change adaptation, disaster riskreduction and coastal zone management.
Key issues from the GCCADRR technical paper
Strengthening institutions for disaster risk reduction and coastal zonemanagement
Strong institutions are central in providing effective design and implementation ofclimate-related policies, and also contribute to favourable conditions for thedevelopment of a sound legal and regulatory framework.eg: Climate resilience coordination unit in MoF that looks at mainstreaming climate
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eg: Climate resilience coordination unit in MoF that looks at mainstreaming climatechange into the national development strategy and at sector level. Workscollaboratively with MNRE to finalise CC policy including development of climateresilient infrastructure design standards and ensure that future investment planseffectively address climate risks
Involving local communitiesLocal stakeholders can play an important role in the prevention of disasters as wellas the implementation of adequate responses when they occur. This is the centre ofengagement of civil society in development framework in Samoa. There existadequately funded grants schemes for civil society to address impacts of climatechange and disaster risk management measures that have emanated out of villagesustainable development plans (CSSP, SGP, SRC)
Key issues from the GCCADRR technical paper
Combining ‘soft’ and ‘hard’ options
The recent IPCC report on managing the risks of extreme eventsand disasters to advance climate change adaptation stresses that‘successful strategies include a combination of hard infrastructure-based responses and soft solutions.Important in Samoa’s approach involving coastal management with
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Important in Samoa’s approach involving coastal management witha carefully assessed balance between the use of seawalls,rockwalls versus tree planting and mangrove rehabilitation or ablend of the two types of solutions
Learning from field activitiesEffective, locally acceptable disaster risk reduction and coastal adaptation optionsmay be identified by implementing pilot or demonstration projects, supportingknowledge building in real-life conditions. This is the basis of the small grantsscheme established to set up good practice adaptation measures at communitylevel. (Pilot Schemes - On-site sanitation project (ADB), MDG Initiative(EU))
Complementary issues from globalexperience
Key Issues to be reinforced:
• Climate change/Disasters are a development concern – importanttherefore to use an integrated approach to addressing how to dealwith impact
• Need to promote research/fact finding to better understand roots ofdisasters/climate change impacts which lie in people’s vulnerabilitiesand how socioeconomic conditions impact on ways to cope
• Need to implement innovative measures to strengthen and maintainengagement of communities in a strategic and targeted approachi.e. Ensure community participation and social inclusion in decisionmaking and actions – people have inherent capacity to cope –indigenous knowledge is important
• There is a need to develop and sustain strategic partnerships anddevelop and sustain resilient livelihoods
• Infrastructure-based options (investment planning) to DRR arevaluable, especially if implemented in the context of a wider approachsuch as integrated water resources management
• There is a need for Donors/Development Partners to coordinatethemselves, expertise, financing etc 13
Some comments on the WorkingGroup discussion topics (DRR)
– How are DRR and CZM being addressed in your GCCAProgramme?
• Are these sufficiently mainstreamed into your national priorities,financing, M&E
• Is it Promoting IWRM and IZCM Approaches? If so, how?
• Does it support pilot / demonstration projects? What are these?Lessons?Lessons?
• Does it support applied research/evidence-based research (eg datacollection/management, academic research, baseline surveys etc)?
• Does it support infrastructure based / ecosystem based measures?Investment Planning, CIM Plans, Resettlement Issues
• Is it promoting Community Engagement? How is the communitybeing engaged?
• Are we promoting PPP? How are we engaging with the privatesector?
• Is GCCA supporting long-term Institutional Strengthening andcapacity building? How and to what extent are these beingaddressed. 14
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