The Urinary SystemThe Urinary System

Michael HallMichael Hall

University of CaliforniaUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesLos Angeles

Mannekin PisMannekin Pis

Nephron CollectingDuct

Uriniferous tubuleUriniferous tubule

THE RENAL CORPUSCLE THE RENAL CORPUSCLE HAS:HAS:THE RENAL CORPUSCLE THE RENAL CORPUSCLE HAS:HAS:

UPUP VPVP USUS

PEPE VEVE

A simple squamous parietal epithelium (PE) A simple squamous parietal epithelium (PE) which lines Bowmans capsule (BC).which lines Bowmans capsule (BC).A tuft of capillaries called the glomerulus (G)A tuft of capillaries called the glomerulus (G)A modified epithelium lining the capillaries (VE)A modified epithelium lining the capillaries (VE)A vascular pole (VP)  A vascular pole (VP)  A urinary pole (UP)A urinary pole (UP)A urinary space (US) A urinary space (US)

G BC

Renal CorpuscleRenal Corpuscle

Efferent arterioleEfferent arteriole

Afferent arterioleAfferent arteriole

FiltrateFiltrate

Bowman’sBowman’s capsulecapsule

GlomerulusGlomerulus

Urinary spaceUrinary space

Filtration apparatus of renal corpuscleFiltration apparatus of renal corpuscle

Basal laminaBasal lamina

Filtration slit membraneFiltration slit membrane

Fenestrated endotheliumFenestrated endotheliumof capillaryof capillary

PodocytePodocyte

PedicelPedicel

FenestrationsFenestrations

Basal la

mina

Basal la

mina

PedicelsPedicels

Filtration slit membraneFiltration slit membrane

RBCRBCcapillary

The glomerular basement membrane is a size and charge-selective barrier

• SIZE: Only proteins below 60,000 mw can get through the fenestrae and slits

• CHARGE: It is anionic (sialoproteins and proteoglycans)

Most macromolecules are anionic at neutral pH, so they are repelled

The glomerular basement membrane is a size and charge-selective barrier

• SIZE: Only proteins below 60,000 mw can get through the fenestrae and slits

• CHARGE: It is anionic (sialoproteins and proteoglycans)

Most macromolecules are anionic at neutral pH, so they are repelled

Thin loop of Thin loop of HenleHenle

Ascending Ascending straight straight segmentsegment

Distal Distal convolutedconvolutedtubuletubule

Collecting ductCollecting ductProximal Proximal convoluted convoluted tubuletubule

Descending Descending straight straight segmentsegment

Vasa rectaVasa recta

Collecting ductCollecting duct

PCTPCT DCTDCT

microvillimicrovilli

Tubules in cortex of kidneyTubules in cortex of kidney

CDCD

Thin loops of HenleThin loops of Henle

Tubules in medulla of kidneyTubules in medulla of kidney

PCTPCT

DCTDCT

Distal convoluted tubuleDistal convoluted tubule

Macula densaMacula densa

PCTPCT

DCTDCT

Macula densaMacula densa

Macula densaMacula densa

Distal tubuleDistal tubuleJG cellsJG cells

The JuxtaglomerularThe JuxtaglomerularApparatusApparatus

GlomerularGlomerularcapillariescapillaries

ACE

The role of the The role of the JG cells on the JG cells on the permeability of permeability of the collecting the collecting ducts to waterducts to water

Cells of macula Cells of macula densa sense densa sense decreased blood decreased blood volume/flowvolume/flow

from posterior pituitary

Changes in Changes in osmolarity in blood osmolarity in blood and urine during and urine during urine formationurine formation

vasa recta

Manneken Pis has Manneken Pis has over 500 outfits that over 500 outfits that are used for special are used for special occasionsoccasions

Blood vessels of the kidneyBlood vessels of the kidney

Renal Blood SupplyRenal Blood Supply

Arcuate artery and veinArcuate artery and vein

CortexCortex

MedullaMedulla

Renal Renal corpusclescorpuscles

Interlobulararteries

Lobule

Interlobular arteriesInterlobular arteries

Juxtamedullary nephrons and vasa rectaJuxtamedullary nephrons and vasa recta

Cortical nephronCortical nephron

JuxtamedullaryJuxtamedullarynephronnephron

Loop of HenleLoop of Henle

Vasa rectaVasa recta

Renal papilla

PapillaPapilla

Minor calyxMinor calyx

transitionaltransitionalepitheliumepithelium

UreterUreter

BladderBladder

Bladder (relaxed)Bladder (relaxed)

Bladder (stretched)Bladder (stretched)

Transitional epithelium

UrethraUrethra

Ahhhh!Ahhhh! :):)

Blood circulation Blood circulation in kidneyin kidney

ILIL

AfferentAfferent

EfferentEfferent

juxtamedullary nephronsjuxtamedullary nephrons