Post on 10-Aug-2020
The Structureof Hawaiian
David J.Medeiros
Brief Welcome
Loanwords
Introductions
Hawaiian
Greatest Hits
The Structure of Hawaiian
David J. Medeiros
Cal State University, Northridgedavid.medeiros@csun.edu
July 7, 2017LSA Summer Institute
The Structureof Hawaiian
David J.Medeiros
Brief Welcome
Loanwords
Introductions
Hawaiian
Greatest Hits
Outline
1 Brief Welcome
2 Loanwords
3 Introductions
4 Hawaiian
5 Greatest Hits
The Structureof Hawaiian
David J.Medeiros
Brief Welcome
Loanwords
Introductions
Hawaiian
Greatest Hits
Outline
1 Brief Welcome
2 Loanwords
3 Introductions
4 Hawaiian
5 Greatest Hits
The Structureof Hawaiian
David J.Medeiros
Brief Welcome
Loanwords
Introductions
Hawaiian
Greatest Hits
Brief Introductions
• Let’s get some names (and only names)
The Structureof Hawaiian
David J.Medeiros
Brief Welcome
Loanwords
Introductions
Hawaiian
Greatest Hits
Outline
1 Brief Welcome
2 Loanwords
3 Introductions
4 Hawaiian
5 Greatest Hits
The Structureof Hawaiian
David J.Medeiros
Brief Welcome
Loanwords
Introductions
Hawaiian
Greatest Hits
Loanwords
• Loanwords: A window into phonological properties
• First, for fun, guess the English loan words
The Structureof Hawaiian
David J.Medeiros
Brief Welcome
Loanwords
Introductions
Hawaiian
Greatest Hits
Examples
• Pika →
• pia →
• waina →
• hipa →
• Nolewai →
• kikiki →
• kaimana →
• kopa →
• pika →
• Keoki →
• himeni →
• Pinilana →
• papekiko →
• kole →
• Malaki →
• kula →
• Kolopi →
• kelipe →
• apeline →
• pike →
The Structureof Hawaiian
David J.Medeiros
Brief Welcome
Loanwords
Introductions
Hawaiian
Greatest Hits
Loanwords
• Loanwords: A window into phonological properties
• Now for the big reveal
• Second, discus the changes that have taken place• What systematic changes do you see?
The Structureof Hawaiian
David J.Medeiros
Brief Welcome
Loanwords
Introductions
Hawaiian
Greatest Hits
Examples
• Pika → Peter
• pia → beer
• waina → wine
• hipa → sheep
• Nolewai → Norway
• kikiki → ticket
• kaimana → diamond
• kopa → soap
• pika → pitcher
• Keoki → George
• himeni → hymn
• Pinilana → Finland
• papekiko → baptize
• kole → story
• Malaki → March
• kula → school
• Kolopi → Colby
• kelipe → grip
• apeline → aspirin
• pike → beast
The Structureof Hawaiian
David J.Medeiros
Brief Welcome
Loanwords
Introductions
Hawaiian
Greatest Hits
Outline
1 Brief Welcome
2 Loanwords
3 Introductions
4 Hawaiian
5 Greatest Hits
The Structureof Hawaiian
David J.Medeiros
Brief Welcome
Loanwords
Introductions
Hawaiian
Greatest Hits
Real Introductions
The Structureof Hawaiian
David J.Medeiros
Brief Welcome
Loanwords
Introductions
Hawaiian
Greatest Hits
Real Introductions
Introduce yourself!
• name
• institution
• areas of interest
• why this class
• something interesting about yourself
The Structureof Hawaiian
David J.Medeiros
Brief Welcome
Loanwords
Introductions
Hawaiian
Greatest Hits
Some Admin
• grading preferences
• adds to the canvas site
The Structureof Hawaiian
David J.Medeiros
Brief Welcome
Loanwords
Introductions
Hawaiian
Greatest Hits
Structure of the Class
• Learning properties of language without:• being a native speaker• in-depth study/fluency
• Assignments from you as class content
• Working with:• old grammars• lexicons• theoretical papers• (possibly) some recordings
• Why? A potentially useful skill, and interesting in its ownright
The Structureof Hawaiian
David J.Medeiros
Brief Welcome
Loanwords
Introductions
Hawaiian
Greatest Hits
Outline
1 Brief Welcome
2 Loanwords
3 Introductions
4 Hawaiian
5 Greatest Hits
The Structureof Hawaiian
David J.Medeiros
Brief Welcome
Loanwords
Introductions
Hawaiian
Greatest Hits
Language Background
• Eastern Polynesian (closely related to Marquesan, Maori,Tahitian)
The Structureof Hawaiian
David J.Medeiros
Brief Welcome
Loanwords
Introductions
Hawaiian
Greatest Hits
Language Background
• Speaker situation is complicated:• a somewhat stable speaker community on Ni’ihau and
Kekaha, Kaua’i• a difficult revitalization effort elsewhere
• We’ll focus on the language as documented (primarily) bySamuel Elbert & Mary Pukui
• This is sometimes called the ‘classical’ or ‘college’ dialect
The Structureof Hawaiian
David J.Medeiros
Brief Welcome
Loanwords
Introductions
Hawaiian
Greatest Hits
Resources
• Let’s check out some resources on canvas
• I also have some recordings (we’ll check these out soon)
The Structureof Hawaiian
David J.Medeiros
Brief Welcome
Loanwords
Introductions
Hawaiian
Greatest Hits
Outline
1 Brief Welcome
2 Loanwords
3 Introductions
4 Hawaiian
5 Greatest Hits
The Structureof Hawaiian
David J.Medeiros
Brief Welcome
Loanwords
Introductions
Hawaiian
Greatest Hits
Prior Knowledge
• Prior knowledge
• Assumptions, guesses, things you’ve heard
The Structureof Hawaiian
David J.Medeiros
Brief Welcome
Loanwords
Introductions
Hawaiian
Greatest Hits
Sounds
• Recording:• What consonants do you hear?• Anything else of interest?
• Any surprises?
The Structureof Hawaiian
David J.Medeiros
Brief Welcome
Loanwords
Introductions
Hawaiian
Greatest Hits
Some Morphology
1 ninaninau – ‘to interrogate’
2 nihoniho – ‘serrated’ (as in a knife)
3 ho’omakau’u – ‘to frighten’
4 ho’okoa‘e – ‘to act like a tropicbird’
5 ho’ai – ‘to feed’
6 ho’ola – ’to save’
7 ho’ike – ‘to show’
8 koa‘e – ‘tropicbird’
9 niho – ‘tooth’
10 ike – ‘to see’
11 ninau – ‘to ask’
• What patterns doyou see?
The Structureof Hawaiian
David J.Medeiros
Brief Welcome
Loanwords
Introductions
Hawaiian
Greatest Hits
Syntax
(1) (tense) V S [(tense) V S O]
Uapast
no’ono’othink
’osubj
KekoaKekoa
[ke[pres
’aieat
neidir/asp
’osubj
NoelaniNoelani
iobj
kathe
poi.]poi.]
Kekoa thought [that Noelani is eating poi.]
The Structureof Hawaiian
David J.Medeiros
Brief Welcome
Loanwords
Introductions
Hawaiian
Greatest Hits
Syntax
(2) (tense) V S [(tense) V S O]
Uapast
no’ono’othink
’osubj
KekoaKekoa
[ke[pres
’aieat
neidir/asp
’osubj
NoelaniNoelani
iobj
kathe
poi.]poi.]
Kekoa thought [that Noelani is eating poi.]
• Word order is generally VSO
• Case marking is nominative/accusative
• Tense and aspect are indicated by pre- and post-verbal particles
• Audio for example (1)
The Structureof Hawaiian
David J.Medeiros
Brief Welcome
Loanwords
Introductions
Hawaiian
Greatest Hits
For Next Class
• In canvas site folder Files → ‘Descriptive and Other Lit’:• Read Warner 2001• Listen to PRI story on Ni’ihau
• Poke around the Elbert & Pukui grammar
• We’ll begin more intensive grammatical analysis next week