THE SOUTHChapter 13

THE GROWTH OF THE COTTON INDUSTRY Section 1

COTTON Textile Industry – growing Cloth Have to get the seeds out by hand Slow

ELI WHITNEY’S COTTON GIN Removes the seeds by machine Revolutionizes farming Planters – large scale farmers with

more than 20 slaves

THE COTTON BOOM Cotton Belt: from North Carolina to

Texas 1840: U.S. producing ½ the worlds

cotton

COTTON BELT Labor intensive Bring slaves in banned 1808 Slave traded within the country Trade with Great Britain Cities grow : New Orleans, Savannah,

Charleston Steamboats

FOOD AND CASH CROPS Food: Corn , Sweat Potatoes, Rice,

Sugar, Wheat Cash: Cotton, Tobacco, Hemp, Flax

INDUSTRY Not as much in the South Farming

SOUTHERN SOCIETY Section 2

SLAVERY Not everywhere 1/3 of families had slaves Less plantations

PLANTERS Wealthy Huge Farms Many Slaves Men: Oversaw slaves , raised crops Women: watched children Slaves: Labor and cooking

YEOMEN AND POOR WHITES Yeomen: owners of small farms Pride in their work Long days on a variety of tasks

RELIGION Important Justified slavery Social

CITIES On the Atlantic coast Modern Slaves: domestic work

FREE AFRICAN AMERICANS Most were slaves 1860 – 280,000 Free African Americans Variety of Jobs Face discrimination

THE SLAVE SYSTEM Section 3

WORK IN THE FIELDS Gang system: everyone does the same

task Long days No Breaks

IN THE PLANTERS HOME Butlers, Cooks, Nurses 24 hour job Better shelter and clothing

SKILLED JOBS Larger Plantations Blacksmith Carpentry Sometimes paid

LIFE UNDER SLAVERY Property not people Traded for profit Poor living conditions Limited food

PUNISHMENT Better food and living conditions for

obedience Whippings, Stocks, Put in holes Slave Codes: laws forbidding education

of slaves

CULTURE Family Folktales: stories with a moral Spirituals: emotional songs that

blended, African and European music

REBELLION Running away hard Strict punishments Work slow

UPRISINGS Nat Turner’s Rebellion: violent slave

revolt in 1831 Killed his slaveholder and 60 other

white people 100 slaves killed Turner Executed