The Rural Social and political

scenarioPresented by: Bhawna Verma

Wajood Alam Unnati Singh Aryan Patel Management Department

Rural social and political scenario

• Society living in village and dependent on natural environment

• Rich in culture and tradition• Economy rests on agriculture and allied activities• Socio-economically less developed

Features of structure dynamic of rural society

• Religion• Central Mobility• Caste System• Institution of Marriage• Village Unity• Joint Family System• Occupational Structure

Rural society in India in pre-independence period

• Characterized by Jajmani system• Conceptualize agrarian social structure in framework of

exchange relations• Servicing castes such as priest, barber, and washerman and

water carrier cater to needs of everyone except Harijans• Paid annually in grain at harvest time• Jajmani in North, bara batute in Maharashtra, mirasi in Tamil

Nadu, adade in Karnataka

Rural politics in India in pre-independence period(contd.)

• BRITISH PERIODAdministrative foothold in Bengal during 1765About mid-forties, East India Company ruledHighly centralized bureaucratic system of administrationIn 19th century, rudimentary type of municipal bodies

began to be established

Changes of rural society in India in post-independence period

• Community development programme in 1952• In 1959, Panchayati Raj started• In 1979, Integrated Rural Development Programme• Nature of property relations negatively to physical labour

on land• Process of planned development has transformations in

rural society• Green revolution started

Rural political scenario

• Based upon perseverance of certain old traditional values• Panchayat and Village Pradhan/Sarpanch represented

rural India historically• Three-tier structure of local government in rural areas at

village, mandal and district levels• Reserved representation is available for SC/ST

Features of structure dynamics of rural politics

• Administrative set-up and decentralization of power • Role and importance of political parties in rural society• Local village politics

Changes of rural polity in India in post-independence period

• Changes in relationship between rural people and state-led politics

• Successful implementation of PRIs(Panchayati Raj Institutions)

• Reservation for SC/ST and women• Attention to both panchayat and party as two institutions

of political power

Changes of rural polity in India in post-independence period

• Amendments in Panchayati raj• Gram sabha• Re-organized Panchayat system• Women empowerment

List of some rural changes with government scheme

• Atal Pension Yojana - Pension -Social Sector Scheme pertaining to Pension Sector• Bachat Lamp Yojana – Electrificatio - reduce the cost of compact fluorescent lamps• Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti Yojana – Rural power supply (24*7)• Gramin Bhandaran Yojana- Agriculture• Indira Awaas Yojana - Housing, Rural• Integrated Rural Development Program – Rural development- self employment

program• Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act - 2010–11 Rural Wage

Employment- minimum wage of Rs. 120 per day in 2009 prices.

List of some rural changes with government scheme

• National Child Labour Projects(NCLP) - The objective of this project is to eliminate child labour in hazardous industries by 2010.

• Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana - Launched to provide free LPG connections to women from below poverty line families.

• THANK YOU