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The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets
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Implementation & Equity 201:The Path Forward to Complete Streets
The Role of Public Healthin Complete Streets
February 15, 2017
@CompleteStreets The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets
Emiko Atherton Director @CompleteStreets
@CompleteStreets The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets
Complete Streets and Public Health
@CompleteStreets The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets Image source: Connect Norwalk
Incomplete Streets are Bad for Health
@CompleteStreets The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets Image source: National Complete Streets Coalition
Tim Vaske State and Community Advocacy Manager @Voices4HK
@CompleteStreets The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets
Voices for Healthy Kids
Action Center
TimVaske-StateandCommunityAdvocacyManagerVoicesforHealthyKids,AmericanHeartAssocia?on
@CompleteStreets The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets
Voices for Healthy Kids
Action Center
CompleteStreetsandHealthEquity,What’stheConnec?on?
@CompleteStreets The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets
Voices for Healthy Kids
Action CenterRedlininginDayton,OH
- Resultof1930’sU.S.FederalHousingAdministra=onPolicy- FourClassifica=onswere
used:TypeA(Green),TypeB(Blue),TypeC(Yellow)andTypeD(Red).
- ReddistrictswereneighborhoodsthathadanyAfrican-Americans
- Usedfordetermininghomeloanqualifica=ons.
- FairHousingActof1968madeitillegal.
Source:TheKirwanIns?tutefortheStudyofRaceandEthnicity,OhioStateUniversity,hMp://guides.osu.edu/maps-geospa=al-data/maps/redlining
@CompleteStreets The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets
Voices for Healthy Kids
Action Center
Las?ngImpactofRedlining
- Lackofaccesstohousingloans- LimitedTransporta=onInvestment- AccesstoHealthyFood(LimitedSupermarketAreas)- AccesstoAffordableHealthcare(MedicallyUnderservedAreas&HealthProfessionalShortageAreas)
- LimitedAccesstoEmploymentOpportuni=es&Centers
- Environmentalinjus=ceandracism(exposuretotoxinsinthewater,air,andground)
@CompleteStreets The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets
Voices for Healthy Kids
Action Center
InterstateHighwaySystem:1950’sto1990’s
I-94Construc=onthroughRondo,1966PhotoSource:MNHistoricalSociety
I-94,St.Paul,MN,Dec.1968PhotoSource:MNHistoricalSociety
@CompleteStreets The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets
Voices for Healthy Kids
Action Center
CompleteStreetsPoliciesandApproaches
- Morethan1,000CompleteStreetspolicieshavebeenpassedsince2005
- Mostpoliciesaddresstheneedsofallusersandallmodes,tovaryingextentpoliciesdefineusers.
- Variesacrossthecountryonlevelofimplementa=on,enforcementandrepor=ng.
- Whileimplementa=onhasbeensuccessfulinmanypartsofthecountry,ithasnotalwaysbeenequitable.
@CompleteStreets The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets
Voices for Healthy Kids
Action Center
CompletestreetsPolicies:UnderstandingContextand
EquityStudyTeam:UniversityofIllinoisatChicago;Ins?tuteforHealthResearchandPolicy
JamieChriqui,PhD(PI)EmilyThrun,MUPP,GSAV(urbanplanner)MeredithPerks,MUPPcand.(RA)JulienLeider,MA(datamanagerandanalyst)
Funding
HealthyEa=ngResearch,ana=onalprogramoftheRobertWoodJohnsonFounda=onNa=onalCancerIns=tute(partofanR01wherewecompiledthepolicies)CentersforDiseaseControlandPreven=on,PhysicalAc=vityPolicyResearchNetwork+Collabora=ngCenterGrant(toco-fundKIwork)
@CompleteStreets The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets
Voices for Healthy Kids
Action Center
CompletestreetsPolicies:UnderstandingContextand
Equity
RapidResponseResearchProject–ConcludingOctober20161. PolicyAnalysisof800pluscompletestreetspolicies,asofMay
20152. Qualita=veStudyexploringtheimplementa=onofthepolicies
andassessingwhat,ifany,equityapproachesarebeingtaken.
h\p://go.uic.edu/Transporta?onEquity
@CompleteStreets The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets
Voices for Healthy Kids
Action Center
PolicyAnalysisofCompleteStreetsPolicies–KeyFindings
Jurisdic?on
#adop?ngCSpolicy(%within
jurisdic?ontype)
#adoptersexplicitlyaddressingequityinthepolicy(%ofadopters)
Municipali=es 649/20,733(3.1%) 123/649(19.0%)
Coun=es/ConsolidatedCi=es 67/3,041(2.2%) 9/67(13.4%)
Towns 81* 8/81(9.9%)
Metropolitanplanningorganiza=ons 57* 15/57(26.3%)
States 31/50(62%) 4/31(12.9%)
Overall 828 147/828(17.8%)
Note:Theoverallrowisnotthesumoftherowsaboveitasitonlycountsmunicipali=escrossingcountyboundariesoncebutcountsstateandstateDepartmentofTransporta=onpoliciesseparately.• Wedonothaveappropriatedenominatordataforthesejurisdic=ontypes
Source:Chriqui,etal.,unpublisheddata
@CompleteStreets The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets
Voices for Healthy Kids
Action Center
PolicyAnalysisofCompleteStreetsPolicies–KeyFindings
• CompleteStreetspoliciesare:– Lesslikelyinmunicipali=eswithsmallormediumascomparedtolargepopula=onsizes
– Associatedwithgreaterratesofwalkingortakingpublictransittowork
– Therearenosignificantregionaldifferencesorinthemedianageofthepopula=oninmunicipalCompleteStreetspolicyadop=on.
www.pedbikeimages.org/LauraSandt
Source:Chriqui,etal.,unpublisheddata
@CompleteStreets The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets
Voices for Healthy Kids
Action Center
PREVALENCEOFexplicitEQUITYlanguageBYPOLICYTYPE
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%
N=147states,MPOs,coun=es/consolidatedci=es,municipali=es,andtownswithexplicitequitylanguageSource:Chriqui,etal.,unpublisheddata
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@CompleteStreets The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets
Voices for Healthy Kids
Action Center
ThrunE,PerksM,ChriquiJ.Priori?zingTransporta?onEquitythroughCompleteStreets.ResearchReport.Chicago,IL:Ins?tuteforHealthResearchandPolicy,UniversityofIllinoisatChicago,2016.
Availableat:h\p://go.uic.edu/Transporta?onEquity
@CompleteStreets The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets
Voices for Healthy Kids
Action Center
“Priori=zingTransporta=onEquitythroughCompleteStreets”SuccessesandChallenges:1. Focusingonequityisthe“rightthingtodo”2. Stakeholdercommunica=onaboutwhatequitymeansis
cri=cal3. Communi=esaretryingtoensureequitableaccessforall
neighborhoods4. Equitycanbepriori=zedthroughotherpoliciesand
programs5. Fundingandresourcesarevitaltosuccessfulequitable
projectpriori=za=on6. Projectpriori=za=onisbasedonthemostpressingneeds
Source:Chriqui,etal.,unpublisheddata
@CompleteStreets The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets
Voices for Healthy Kids
Action Center
RoleofthePublicHealthCommunity
1. Connectwiththecommunitytobringthecommunityvoiceintothetransporta=onplanningdiscussions.Learnthehistory.
2. BetheExpert.Connectthetransporta=onleaderswiththeworkhappeningaroundCommunityHealthAssessments(CHAs),chronicdiseaseplanning.
3. Buildpublicsupportandawarenessaroundtheneedsanddispari=esinrela=ontohowthestreetsandcommuni=esaredesignedandbuilt.
4. Connectotherstakeholdersintothepolicywork,includingsocialjus=ce,housing,educa=on,aging,healthyfoodaccessandhealthcareadvocates.
@CompleteStreets The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets
Voices for Healthy Kids
Action Center
RoleofthePublicHealthCommunity
6. Bepreparedfortoughdiscussionsaroundtheneedforequitableimplementa=onandalsoaroundcommunityconcernsarounddisplacement/gentrifica=on.
7. Helpcommuni=esiden=fytheirspokespeopleandhelpthosespokespeoplepreparethestory.
8. LeverageyoursubjectmaMerexper=sewithmedia,communitygroupsanddecision-makers.HelpsothersleveragetheirownsubjectmaMerexper=se.
9. Ensurethatmunicipali=esandstatesdevelopperformancemeasuresaroundequitableimplementa=on;ensurethereisaccountabilitywiththosemeasures.
@CompleteStreets The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets
Voices for Healthy Kids
Action Center
VoicesforHealthyKidsCompleteStreetsToolkit:
hMp://completestreets.voicesforhealthykids.org/
@CompleteStreets The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets
Voices for Healthy Kids
Action Center
VoicesforHealthyKidsCompleteStreetsToolkit:
hMp://completestreets.voicesforhealthykids.org/
@CompleteStreets The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets
Voices for Healthy Kids
Action Center
TimVaske,StateandCommunityAdvocacyManager,VoicesforHealthyKids
Tim.Vaske@heart.org|773.951.5671
@CompleteStreets The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets
Kate Robb Policy Analyst @PublicHealth
@CompleteStreets The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets
Kate Robb, MSPH
The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets, Wednesday, February 15, 2017
Advancing healthy communities through partnerships
American Public Health Association, Center for Public Health Policy, Environmental Health, Policy Analyst
@CompleteStreets The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets
Fullintegra=onofplanningandpublichealthtobenefitpeoplewheretheylive,learn,work,andplay.
Plan4Health
@CompleteStreets The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets
Plan4Health Coalitions
http://plan4health.us/
@CompleteStreets The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets
Bensenville, IL
@CompleteStreets The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets
Bensenville, IL • HealthyLivingCoali=on,
B-WellBensenville,focusesonincreasingphysicalac=vity
• Coali=oncomprisedof:– DuPageCountyHealth
Dept.– VillageofBensenville– BensenvilleParkDistrict– Ac=veTransporta=on
Alliance
@CompleteStreets The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets
Bensenville, IL • Launchedcommunity-widesurveytodeterminespecificpolicyrecommenda=onsandpriori=zecommunitychange.
• MaterialsinSpanishandEnglish.
@CompleteStreets The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets
Bensenville, IL • CreatedanAc=veTransporta=onPlanandaCompleteStreetsPolicy.
• SurveyfeedbackincorporatedintoCompleteStreetspriori=esandac=vetransporta=onpolicies.
PhotobyAlexGarcia
@CompleteStreets The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets
Columbus, IN
@CompleteStreets The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets
• Reach Healthy Communities Columbus focuses on increasing physical activity.
• Coalition comprised of: • CityofColumbus-BartholomewCountyPlanningDepartment
• ColumbusParksandRecrea=onDepartment
• HealthyCommuni=es• VariousCommunityMembers
"Beyondsafetyandconges/on,manyofourmostpressinghealthchallengesarerelatedinsomewaytoourrela/onshipwiththestreet,includingsuchchallengesasreducedphysicalac/vity,widespreadsocialisola/on,mentalillness,increasedvehicleemissionsandlackoftransporta/onop/ons.”–LauraGarre@,CommunityIni/a/vesLeadforReachHealthyCommuni/es
Columbus, IN
@CompleteStreets The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets
Columbus, IN
Photo obtained from: http://www.therepublic.com/2015/08/29/focus_on_safer_healthier_ways_to_travel_in_city/
@CompleteStreets The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets
Columbus, IN
Photo obtained from: http://www.therepublic.com/2015/08/29/focus_on_safer_healthier_ways_to_travel_in_city/
@CompleteStreets The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets
Columbus, IN
• Successfulcommunityengagement:– Haveconversa=onsratherthan‘publicinput’
– Beflexible– Offermul=pleopportuni=esforinput
@CompleteStreets The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets
• Collaboratetoachievehealthequity
• Understandroles• Leverageexis=ngresources
• Worktowardsasharedvision
Working together
@CompleteStreets The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets
Contact information: Kate Robb: katherine.robb@apha.org
Special thanks to Elizabeth Hartig, Project Coordinator of the Plan4Health Project, American Planning Association
@CompleteStreets The Role of Public Health in Complete Streets
800 I Street, NW Washington, DC 20001-3710 202-777-APHA www.apha.org
Kate Robb
Policy analyst Katherijne.Robb@apha.org
The American Public Health Association champions the health of all people and all communities. We strengthen the profession of public health, promote best practices and share the latest public health research and information. We are the only organization that influences federal policy, has a 140-plus year perspective and brings together members from all fields of public health. Learn more at www.apha.org.
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Want to learn more? Stay tuned for upcoming webinars
How are MPOs prioritizing health?
Join Transportation for America next Tuesday, February 21, for the launch webinar for this new paper produced with APHA. It examines four policy levers MPOs have at their disposal to build more walking & biking projects — with specific short real-life stories to go with each.
Sign up: t4america.org/healthy-metros @t4america
Implementation & Equity 201:The Path Forward to Complete Streets
Creating value: Assessing the return on investment in Complete Streets
1PM EST on March 23, 2017