COUSE:

ENGLISH

TEACHER:

VICTOR CORTIJO DIAZ

STUDENTS:

TOLEDO MEDINA FRANKLIN.

RIOS CONTRERAS SERGIO.

SILVA RODRIGUEZ CLAUDIA.

OSCO JUICA LUIS.

PATRICIO CASTILLEJO WILMER.

LUNGS

• The lung is a magnificent organ

that performs a multitude of vital

functions every second of our

lives.

• The two lungs are located in the

chest on either side of the heart.

• Their principal function is to transport oxygen from the

atmosphere into the bloodstream, and to release carbon dioxide

from the bloodstream into the atmosphere. This exchange of

gases is accomplished in the mosaic of specialized cells that form

millions of tiny, exceptionally thin-walled air sacs called alveoli.

THE LUNGS

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

• Respiration is the process by which living organisms take

in oxygen and release carbon dioxide.

• The human respiratory system,

working in conjunction with the

circulatory system, supplies oxygen

to the body's cells, removing carbon

dioxide in the process. The exchange

of these gases occurs across cell

membranes both in the lungs

(external respiration) and in the

body tissues (internal respiration).

GAS EXCHANGE

• In humans, the trachea divides into the two main bronchi that

enter the roots of the lungs. The bronchi continue to divide

within the lung, and after multiple divisions, give rise to

bronchioles.

• The bronchial tree continues

branching until it reaches

the level of terminal

bronchioles, which lead to

alveolar sacs.

GAS EXCHANGE

• Alveolar sacs are made up of clusters of

alveoli, like individual grapes within a

bunch. The individual alveoli are tightly

wrapped in blood vessels and it is here

that gas exchange actually occurs.

• The oxygen-rich blood returns to the heart

via the pulmonary veins to be pumped back

into systemic circulation.

• Deoxygenated blood from the heart is

pumped through the pulmonary artery to

the lungs, where oxygen diffuses into

blood and is exchanged for carbon

dioxide in the hemoglobin of the

erythrocytes.

GROSS ANATOMY OF LUNGS

Lungs are a pair of respiratory organs situated in

athoracic cavity. Ritht and left lung are separated

by the mediastinum.

• TEXTURE: Spongy

• COLOR: Young – brown

Adults mottled black due to deposition

of carbon particles

• WEIGHT:

Right lung – 600 gms

left lung – 550 gms

FISSURES AND LOBES OF LUNGS

The term lung disease refers to

many disorders affecting the lungs

• asthma

• chronic obstructive pulmonary

disease

• influenza

• pneumonia

• tuberculosis

• cancer

• respiratory failure.

ASTHMA

SYMPTOMS OF ASTHMA

• Wheezing

• Coughing, especially early in the morning or at night

• Chest tightness

• Shortness of breath

Asthma is a chronic

disease that affects

your airways

• Asthma is treated with two

kinds of medicines:

• Quick-relief medicines to

stop asthma symptoms.

• Long-term control medicines

to prevent symptoms

CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE

• SYMPTOMS OF COPD

• EXCESSIVE COUGHING

• Chronic obstructive pulmonary

disease makes breathing

difficult. Coughing up mucus.

Chronic bronchitis and

emphysema are common

COPD.

• Quit smoking.

• Antibiotic.

• Clean environments.

• Inflammatory- anti.

FLU

SYMPTOMS OF THE FLU

• Body or muscle aches

• Chills

• Cough

• Fever

• Headache

• Sore throat

Flu is a respiratory infection caused by a number of viruses. The

viruses pass through the air and enter your body through your

nose or mouth

• Avoid contact with other

people

• Vaccine

• Antibiotic

• AntiInflammatory

• Anti flu

TUBERCULOSIS

SYMPTOMS OF TB • A bad cough that lasts 3 weeks or

longer

• Weight loss

• Loss of appetite

• Coughing up blood or mucus

• Weakness or fatigue

• Fever

• Night sweats

• Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease caused by bacteria

called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The bacteria

usually attack the lungs, but they can also

damage other parts of the body.

• You can usually treat

active TB by taking

several medicines for

a long period of time.

LUNG CANCER

SYMPTOMS OF LUNG CANCER

• A cough that doesn't go away and gets worse over time

• Constant chest pain

• Coughing up blood

• Shortness of breath, wheezing, or hoarseness

• Repeated problems with pneumonia or bronchitis

• Swelling of the nek and face

• Loss of appetite or weight loss

• Fatigue

• the risk of developing lung cancer. Exposure to high levels

of pollution, radiation and asbestos exposure may also

increase risk.

• Treatment also

depends on the stage,

or how advanced it is.

Treatment may include

chemotherapy,

radiation and surgery.