Post on 16-Dec-2015
The Italian The Italian Renaissance: ArtRenaissance: Art
Medieval Painting: Medieval Painting: Major StylesMajor Styles
Byzantine (iconography)Byzantine (iconography) Portrayed people as stiff and Portrayed people as stiff and
expressionless, with blank eyesexpressionless, with blank eyes Flat, two dimensional figures – Flat, two dimensional figures –
unrealisticunrealistic Human body was considered sinful; it Human body was considered sinful; it
had to be covered at all timeshad to be covered at all times Focus wasn’t on the individual but Focus wasn’t on the individual but
rather the celebration of God’rather the celebration of God’ Illuminated ManuscriptsIlluminated Manuscripts
Book where text is supplemented by Book where text is supplemented by addition of decoration (initial letters, addition of decoration (initial letters, borders, etc)borders, etc)
Style was based on animal imagery, Style was based on animal imagery, combined with an intricate interlacing combined with an intricate interlacing of geometric linesof geometric lines
Created and drawn by monks, priestsCreated and drawn by monks, priests
Illuminated Bible page (closeup)
St. Francis’Rule Approved
Giotto
1288-92?
Tempera (egg yolk mixed with pigment) on wood and ground gold.
Questions
Glowing head?
Realistic?
Depth perception?
Medieval Art: Religious Themes
The Epiphany
Giotto
1320
Tempera on wood and ground gold.
Questions
Glowing head?
Depth?
Medieval Art: Religious Themes
The Crucifixion
Giotto (1305)
Tempera on wood andground gold.
Questions
Realism?
Glowing heads?
Depth?
Medieval Art: Religious Themes
Characteristics of Italian Characteristics of Italian Renaissance ArtRenaissance Art
1. Bright colors & oil paints1. Bright colors & oil paints 2. Concentrated on realism2. Concentrated on realism
Natural poses were life-like, Natural poses were life-like, realistic – like the GREEKS!!!realistic – like the GREEKS!!!
Showed personality & emotionShowed personality & emotion
Expulsion fromExpulsion fromthe Gardenthe GardenMasaccioMasaccio14271427First nudes sinceFirst nudes sinceclassical timesclassical times
3. Perspective
(Della Pittura – Alberti)
• • Use of Use of perspectiveperspective
•• Shadowing Shadowing created created illusion of illusion of depthdepth•• Made Made distant items distant items smallersmaller
The Dead Christ, Andre Mantegna (1501)
PerspectivPerspective!e!
PerspectivPerspective!e!
Betrothal Betrothal of the of the Virgin Virgin
RaphaelRaphael
15041504
Compare & Contrast Perspective
4. Classicism4. Classicism
Greco-Roman influence.
Secularism & Humanism.
Individualism free standing figures.
Symmetry/Balance
The The “Classical Pose”“Classical Pose”Medici “Venus” (1c)Medici “Venus” (1c)
5. Emphasis on 5. Emphasis on IndividualismIndividualism Batista Sforza & Federico de Montefeltre: Batista Sforza & Federico de Montefeltre:
The Duke & Duchess of UrbinoThe Duke & Duchess of Urbino
Piero della Francesca, 1465-1466.Piero della Francesca, 1465-1466.
6. Geometrical 6. Geometrical Arrangement of Arrangement of
FiguresFigures The Dreyfus The Dreyfus Madonna Madonna with the with the PomegranatPomegranatee
Leonardo da Leonardo da VinciVinci
14691469
The figure as The figure as architecture!architecture!
Raphael’sRaphael’s Canagiani Madonna, Canagiani Madonna, 15071507
Where was the Renaissance taking place?
Lorenzo Lorenzo the Magnificentthe Magnificent
1478 - 15211478 - 1521
Cosimo de Cosimo de MediciMedici
1517 - 15741517 - 1574
Adoration of the MagiWhole Medici family in picture
Botticelli on far right looking at viewers
Florence Under the Florence Under the MediciMedici
Medici ChapelMedici ChapelThe Medici PalaceThe Medici Palace
Filippo BrunelleschiFilippo Brunelleschi1377 - 14361377 - 1436
ArchitectArchitect
Hired to design the Hired to design the dome of St. Mariadome of St. Mariadel Fiore (cathedral)del Fiore (cathedral)
Filippo BrunelleschiFilippo Brunelleschi Before starting, he Before starting, he
travelled around travelled around Italy for inspirationItaly for inspiration
Used the ancient Used the ancient Romans’ Romans’ architectural architectural conceptsconcepts He studied the He studied the
ancient Pantheon in ancient Pantheon in RomeRome
Used ribs to Used ribs to support domesupport dome
Brunelleschi – ArchitectBrunelleschi – Architect
Built lightweight innerBuilt lightweight innerdome, then exterior domedome, then exterior domeof wind resistant materialof wind resistant material
Dimensions: 137 feet acrossDimensions: 137 feet acrossWeight: 40,785 tons containingWeight: 40,785 tons containingover four million bricksover four million bricksTime to construct: 16 yearsTime to construct: 16 years
Brunelleschi’s Brunelleschi’s DomeDome
Dome Dome ComparisonsComparisons
Il DuomoIl Duomo St. Peter’s St. Paul’sSt. Peter’s St. Paul’s US Capitol US Capitol (Florence)(Florence) (Rome) (Rome) (London)(London) (Washington)(Washington)
Renaissance Religious Renaissance Religious ThemesThemes
Madonna and Child
Madonna and Child, Fra Filippo Lippi 1406-1469Emotion of face -she looks like a real mother - tired, worn down
School of Athens - Raphael
AristotleAristotle::pointing to pointing to
thetheearth [theearth [thehere andhere and
now].now].
PlatoPlato::pointing to pointing to
thetheheavens [or heavens [or
the IDEALthe IDEALrealm].realm].
The School of Athens The School of Athens – – Raphael, detailsRaphael, details
Michelangelo
Details, School of AthensRaphael
\\Euclid-
Features of Bramante
Socrates
Details, School of Athens
School of Athens-School of Athens-RaphaelRaphael Plato and Aristotle on either side of center Plato and Aristotle on either side of center
axisaxis Plato points skyward to indicate his Plato points skyward to indicate his
idealistic worldviewidealistic worldview Aristotle gestures to ground to show his Aristotle gestures to ground to show his
concern with the real worldconcern with the real world Metaphysical philosophers on Plato’s sideMetaphysical philosophers on Plato’s side Physical scientists on Aristotle’s sidePhysical scientists on Aristotle’s side Raphael on extreme rightRaphael on extreme right Figures grouped and placed on purposeFigures grouped and placed on purpose
Leonardo da Leonardo da VinciVinci ““Study of Hands”Study of Hands”
“Study of the Gradations of shadows”
“Self portrait”
http://www.bl.uk/collections/treasures/leonardo/leonardo_narrowband.htm?middle
Helicopter
Parachute“Vitruvian Man”
Notebook page(written backwards!)
Leonardo, the Scientist Leonardo, the Scientist (Biology):(Biology):Pages from his Pages from his
NotebookNotebook An example of An example of
the humanist the humanist desire to desire to unlock the unlock the secrets of secrets of nature.nature.
Leonardo, the Scientist Leonardo, the Scientist (Anatomy): (Anatomy):
from his from his NotebookNotebook
Leonardo, the Leonardo, the Inventor:Inventor:
Pages from his Pages from his NotebookNotebook
Machine gun
Tank
Helicopter
Mona LisaLisa di Antonio Maria Gherandini“Mona” - Italian version of ‘Madonna’ or ‘my lady’
A Macaroni MonaA Macaroni Mona
Mona LisaMona Lisa – da Vinci, – da Vinci, 1503-41503-4
A Picasso MonaA Picasso Mona
An Andy Warhol MonaAn Andy Warhol Mona
Mona LisaMona Lisa OROR da da Vinci??Vinci??
Original Now
The Last Supper
What original might have looked like
horizontal
vert
ical
PerspectivPerspective!e!
The Last Supper The Last Supper - da - da Vinci, 1498Vinci, 1498
A Da Vinci “Code”:A Da Vinci “Code”:St. John St. John oror Mary Magdalene? Mary Magdalene?
Michelangelo
The Pieta
David
15c15c
16c16c
WhatWhat
aa
differencedifference
aa
centurycentury
makes!makes!
The Sistine Chapel
The Sistine Chapel The Sistine Chapel DetailsDetails
The The Creation Creation
of the of the HeavensHeavens
The Sistine Chapel The Sistine Chapel DetailsDetails
Creation of ManCreation of Man
The Sistine Chapel The Sistine Chapel DetailsDetails
The Last JudgmentThe Last Judgment
The End