Post on 01-Jan-2016
The Human Organism:Introduction to Human Body Systems
TPJ 3M
Nicole Klement
Human Organ Systems
1. Skeletal2. Muscular3. Circulatory4. Immune5. Respiratory6. Digestive
7. Excretory8. Reproductive9. Nervous10. Endocrine11. Integumentary
Levels of Organization in the Body
CellsTissues
Epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous
Organs Examples include stomach, liver, heart
Organ Systems Examples include digestive and
circulatory systems
Tissues in the Human Body
Epithelial Covering or lining tissue
Connective Joins, stores and supports
Muscle Internal and external movement
Nerve Conducts electrical signals
Blood
Muscle
Nerve
Human Skeleton Diagram
Sternum
Skull
Clavicle
Ribs
Pelvis
Femur
Patella
Tibia
Scapula
Humerus
Ulna
Radius
Carpals Metacarpals
Fibula
Tarsals
Metatarsals
Phalanges
Phalanges
Skeletal System Function & Parts
Functions: Framework and
support Protection of
organs Storage allows the body
to move (joints & ligaments)
Storage makes blood
cells
Parts:• bones• ligaments• tendons• cartilage
Skeletal System - Types of Bone Tissue
1. Compact: Layer of hard bone that covers all bone
2. Spongy: Surrounded by the compact bone, it has many holes & spaces in it. Makes bones lighter.
3. Bone marrow: Soft tissue inside of bones makes blood cells
Skeletal System- Compact Bone Tissue
Haversian system
Osteocyte
Blood vessels
Skeletal System- Joints
A joint is where 2 or more bones meet & allow for movement
1. Ball & socket: Shoulder & hip
2. Hinge joint: Elbow
3. Pivot joint: Neck
Ligaments, bone, tendon, muscle and cartilage are all found in the many joints that make up the skeletal muscle system and allow movement in the human body.
Skeletal System - Facts
Bones are living tissue that grow and need blood.
Bones have blood vessels inside of them and are made of cells
Human Muscular System Diagram
DeltoidPectoralis major
Biceps brachi
Gluteus maximus
Rectus femoris
Gastrocnemius
Muscular System Functions
Movement Warmth Posture
Muscle Properties Ability to contract Ability to be stretched Ability to respond to a
stimulus Muscle Types
Skeletal Smooth Cardiac
Muscular System Functions
Muscle allow organs & bones of the body to move.
The fibers that make up muscle, “contract”.
The contraction makes the whole muscle shorter which allows them to move organs and bones.
Muscular System - Three Types of Muscle cells
1. Cardiac: Makes the heart beat to send blood to the body.
2. Skeletal: Attaches to bone & allows for movement
3. Smooth: Found in the walls of the stomach, intestines & blood vessels. Helps materials move through these structures
Muscular System –Three Types of Muscle Tissue
Skeletal
Cardiac
Smooth
Muscle cells and tissues form long narrow striated tubes.
There are three types of muscle tissue:
1. Cardiac 2. Skeletal3. Smooth
They all work by contracting.
Muscular System - Motion
How do bones move?Muscles contract and cause bones to move.
Tendon: Attaches a muscle to a bone
Muscles work in pairs to cause movement:Ex: Bicep contracts & tricep relaxes arm bendsBicep relaxes & tricep contracts arm straightens
Skeletal Musclular Contraction
Myosin
Actin
Sarcomere
Muscular Skeletal System - Facts
Inside the long bones of the legs is the marrow or spongy tissue which makes all our blood cells including white and red blood cells.
The human muscle system contains 206 bones, over 350 muscles that contribute to protecting, supporting and moving the human body.
Video – the knee
Discovery Channel ; Street Gymnasts Push Their Bodies to the Limit - with a focus on the knee
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=94vM9b0zGjA&NR=1&feature=fvwp