Post on 27-Apr-2018
The Heath Anthology of American Literature
FOURTH EDITION
Volume 1
Paul Lauter Trinity College General Editor
Jackson Bryer
Anne Goodwyn Jones
King-Kok Cheung
Wendy Martin
Charles Molesworth
University of Maryland
University of Florida
University of California, Los Angeles
Claremont Graduate University
Queens College, City University of New York
Richard Yarborough University of California, Los Angeles Associate General Editor
Raymund Paredes
Ivy T. Schweitzer
Linda Wagner-Martin
Andrew 0. Wiget
Sandra A. Zagarell
University of California, Los Angeles
Dartmouth College
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
New Mexico State University
Oberlin College
John Alberti Lois Leveen Northern Kentucky University Reed College Editor, Instructor’s Guide Electronic Resources Editor
James Kyung-Jin Lee Edward Maloney The University of Texas at Austin Associate Editor Electronic Resources Editor
Georgetown University
Randall Bass Georgetown University Electronic Resources Editor
Houghton Mifflin Company Boston New York
CONTENTS
xxxv Preface
COLONIAL PERIOD: TO 1700 18
21 24
38 51 53 56 59 61 63 64
65 68 68 88 88 89 90 91 91 92 92 93 94 96 96 97 97 98 98
Native American Oral Literatures
1
Native American Oral Narrative Talk Concerning the First Beginning (Zuni) Changing Woman and the Hero Twins after the Emergence
Wohpe and the Gift of the Pipe (Lakota) The Origin of Stories (Seneca) Iroquois or Confederacy of the Five Nations (Iroquois) Iktomi and the Dancing Ducks (Oglala Sioux) Raven Makes a Girl Sick and Then Cures Her (Tsimshian) The Bungling Host (Hitchiti) Creation of the Whites (Yuchi)
Native American Oral Poetry Zuni Poetry
Sayatasha’s Night Chant Aztec Poetry
The Singer’s Art Two Songs Like Flowers Continually Perishing (Ayocuan)
Song (Copper Eskimo) Moved (Uvavnuk, Iglulik Eskimo) Improvised Greeting (Takomaq, Iglulik Eskimo) Widow’s Song (Quernertoq, Copper Eskimo) My Breath (Orpingalik, Netsilik Eskimo)
A Selection of Poems Deer Hunting Song (Virsak Vai-i, O’odham) Love Song (Aleut) Song of Repulse to a Vain Lover (To’ak, Makah) A Dream Song (Annie Long Tom, Clayoquot) Woman’s Divorce Dance Song (Jane Green)
of the People (Navajo)
Inuit Poetry
V
vi
99 100 101 101 102 102 103 103 104
105
107 108 116
119 120 120 122 124 124 125 126 127 128 129 130
13 1 132 137
139
140
143 144
144
146 147 147
Contents
Formula to Secure Love (Cherokee) Formula to Cause Death (A’yunini the Swimmer, Cherokee) Song of War (Blackfeet) War Song (Crow) Song of War (Odjib’we, Anishinabe) War Song (Young Doctor, Makah) Song of Famine (Holy-Face Bear, Dakota) Song of War (Two Shields, Lakota) Song of War (Victoria, Tohona O’odham)
New Spain
Christopher Columbus (1451-1506) from Journal of the First Voyage to America, 1492-1493 from Narrative of the Third Voyage, 1498-1500
Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca (1490?-1556?) Relation of Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca
from Chapter VII. The Character of the Country from Chapter VIII. We Go from Aute from Chapter X. The Assault from the Indians from Chapter XI. Of What Befel Lope de Oviedo with the Indians from Chapter XXI. Our Cure of Some of the Afflicted from Chapter XXIV. Customs of the Indians of That Country from Chapter XXVII. We Moved Away and Were Well Received from Chapter X X n I . The Indians Give Us the Hearts of Deer from Chapter XXXIII. We See Traces of Christians from Chapter XXXIV. Of Sending for the Christians
Pedro Menendez de Avilés (1519-1574) from Letter to Philip I1 (October 15, 1565) Letter to a Jesuit Friend (October 15, 1566)
Fray Marcos de Niza (1495?-1542) from A Relation of the Reverend Father Fray Marcos de Niza, Touching
Pedro de Casteneda (1510?-1570?) The Narrative of the Expedition of Coronado
His Discovery of the Kingdom of Ceuola or Cibola . . .
Chapter XXI: Of how the army returned to Tiguex and the general reached Quivira
Gaspar Pérez de Villagra (1555-1620) The History of New Mexico
from Canto I. Which sets forth the outline of the history. . .
Contents vii
Canto XIV. How the River of the North was discovered and the trials that were borne in discovering it . . .
Canto XXX. How the new General . . , went to take leave of Luzcoija, and the battle he had with the Spaniards . . .
History of the Miraculous Apparition of the Virgin of
History of the Miraculous Apparition of the Virgin
Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz (1648-1695) 48: In Reply to a Gentleman from Peru, Who Sent Her Clay Vessels
94: Which Reveals the Honorable Ancestry of a High-Born Drunkard 3 17: Villancico VI, from Santa Catarina, 1691
Don Antonio de Otermin (fl. 1680) Letter on the Pueblo Revolt of 1680
The Coming of the Spanish and the Pueblo Revolt (Hopi) The Coming of the Spanish and the Pueblo Revolt
Don Diego de Vargas (?-1704) from Letter on The Reconquest of New Mexico, 1692
149
157
165 Guadalupe in 1531
166 of Guadalupe in 153 1
173
175 179 180
182 183
190 191
194 195
While Suggesting She Would Better Be a Man
201 New France 203
203 205 Samuel de Champlain (1570?-1635) 206 206 209
2 11 The Jesuit Relations 213
René Goulaine de Laudonniere (fl. 1562-1582) from A Notable Historie Containing Foure Voyages Made by
Certaine French Captaines unto Florida
The Voyages of Samuel de Champlain, 1604-1618 from The Voyages to the Great River St. Lawrence, 1608-1612 from The Voyages of 1615
from The Relation of 1647, by Father Jerome Lalemant
222 Chesapeake 224 Thomas Harriot (1560-1621) 226 A Briefe and True Report of the New Found Land of Virginia
234 Edward Maria Wingfield (1560?-1613?) 235
242 John Smith (1580-1631)
245 and the Summer Isles
from A Discourse of Virginia
The Generall Historie of Virginia, New-England,
viii Contents
245
245 247 25 1
254 254 25 6
257 257
260
262
267 269
27 6
28 1 2 83
283 2 83 2 83 284
2 84 2 85
286
286 2 87
287
Book I11 from Chapter 2 [Smith as captive at the court of
from Chapter 8 [Smith’s Journey to Pamaunkee) Powhatan in 16081
from A Description of New England Advertisements for the Unexperienced Planters of New-England,
or Anywhere, Or the Path-way to Experience to Erect a Plantation from Chapter 1 from Chapter 9
Richard Frethorne (fl. 1623) from Richard Frethorne, to His Parents (Virginia, 1623)
Nathaniel Bacon (1647-1676) Nathaniel Bacon Esq’r his Manifesto Concerning the
Present Troubles in Virginia
James Revel (1640?-?) The Poor, Unhappy Transported Felon
New England Thomas Morton (1579?-1647?) New English Canaan
Book I. Containing the originall of the Natives, their manners Customes, with their tractable nature and love
towards the English from Chapter IV. Of their Houses and Habitations from Chapter VI. Of the Indians apparrell Chapter VIII. Of their Reverence, and respect to age Chapter XVI. Of their acknowledgment of the Creation,
from Chapter XX. That the Salvages live a contended life
are planted there, what remarkable Accidents have happened there what Tenents they hould, together with the practise of their Church.
and immortality of the Soule
Book 111: Containing a description of the People that
from Chapter I. Of a great League made with the Plimmouth
from Chapter V. Of a Massacre made upon the Salvages at
from Chapter VII. Of Thomas Mortons entertainement at
Planters after their arrivall, by the Sachem of those Territories
Wessaguscus
Plimmouth, and castinge away upon an Island
Contents ix
288
2 90
293
2 94 296 3 04
311 3 13 3 13
3 13
3 14 3 16 3 16 320 32 1 324 325 327 327 330 333
335 337
337 339 344 350 353
354
355 358
from Chapter XIV. Of the Revells of New Canaan Chapter XV. Of a great Monster supposed to be at
Chapter XVI. How the 9. worthies put mine Host of Ma-re-Mount; and the preparation made to destroy it
Ma-re-Mount into the inchaunted Castle at Plimmouth, and terrified him with the Monster Briareus
John Winthrop 1588-1649) from A Modell of Christian Charity from The Journal of John Winthrop
William Bradford (1590-1657) Of Plymouth Plantation Book I
from Chapter I. The Separatist Interpretation of the Reformation
from Chapter IX. Of their Voyage, and how they Passed the Sea; in England 1550-1607
and of their Safe Arrival at Cape Cod Book I1
from Chapter XI. The Remainder of Anno 1620 from Chapter XIV. Anno Domini 1623 from Chapter XIX. Anno Domini 1628 from Chapter XXIII. Anno Domini 1632 from Chapter XXVIII. Anno Domini 1637 from Chapter XXIX. Anno Domini 1638 from Chapter XXXII. Anno Domini 1642 from Chapter XXXIII. Anno Domini 1643 from Chapter XXXIV. Anno Domini 1644
Roger Williams (160)?-168)) A Key into the Language of America
[Preface]: To my Deare and Welbeloved Friends and Countreymen,
Chapter XI: Of Travell from Chapter XXI: Of Religion, the soule, Chapter XXII: Of their Government and Justice
in old and new England
To the Town of Providence Testimony of Roger Williams relative to his first coming into the
Narrangansett country
Thomas Shepard 1605-1649) Autobiography
x Contents
3 82 3 84 3 86 3 90 3 90 391 3 94 3 94 3 95
3 96
3 96 3 97 3 98
402 403 407
41 1 4 13 4 13 4 15 416 4 17 418 419 42 1 422 422 423 423 424
Anne Bradstreet (1612?-1672) The Prologue [To Her Book] In Honour of. Queen Elizabeth The Author to Her Book To Her Father with Some Verses The Flesh and the Spirit Before the Birth of One of Her Children To My Dear and Loving Husband A Letter to Her Husband, Absent upon Public Employment In Memory of My Dear Grandchild Elizabeth Bradstreet,
Who Deceased August, 1665, Being a Year and Half Old On My Dear Grandchild Simon Bradstreet, Who Died
on 16 November, 1669, being but a Month, and One Day Old Upon the Burning of Our House July IOth, 1666 To My Dear Children
Michael Wigglesworth (1631-1705) from The Diary of Michael Wigglesworth A Song of Emptiness
The Bay Psalm Book (1640), The New England Primer (1683?)
The Bay Psalm Book from The Preface by John Cotton Psalm 1 Psalm 6 Psalm 8 Psalm 19 Psalm 23 Psalm 137
Alphabet The Dutiful Child’s Promises Verses The Death of John Rogers
The New England Primer
425
428 Rowlandson
456 Edward Taylor (1642?-1729) 460 Gods Determinations 460 The Preface 461 462 Christs Reply
Mary White Rowlandson (Talcott) (1637?-1711) from A Narrative of the Captivity and Restauration of Mrs. Mary
The Souls Groan to Christ for Succour
Contents xi
466 467 467 468 470 470 47 1 472 473
473
475 476 478
480 480 482
484 486 489 494
495 497
500
5 02 502
505
5 12 5 12 5 15
520
521 523
The Joy of Church Fellowship rightly attended Occasional Poems
4. Huswifery 6. Upon Wedlock, Death of Children
Prologue 6. Another Meditation at the same time 8. Meditation. Joh. 6.51. I am the Living Bread.
1. Meditation. Col. 2.17. Which are Shaddows of
26. Meditation. Heb. 9.13.14. How much more
50. Meditation. Joh. 1.14. Full of Truth 115. Meditation. Cant. 5:lO. My Beloved
of the l lm 1720 [Version 11 Cant. 3. Valediction, to the Terraqueous Globe
Preparatory Meditations, First Series
Preparatory Meditations, Second Series
things to come and the body is Christs
shall the blood of Christ, etc.
A Valediction to all the World preparatory for Death
A Fig for thee Oh! Death [Version 21
Samuel Sewall (1652-1730) from The Diary of Samuel Sewall The Selling of Joseph, A Memorial My Verses upon the New Century [Jan. 1, 17011
Cotton Mather (1663-1728) The Wonders of the Invisible World
V. The Trial of Martha Carrier at The Court of Oyer and Terminer, Held by Adjournment at Salem, August 2,1692
Magnalia Christi Americana; or, The Ecclesiastical History of New-England
from A General Introduction
Governor of Plymouth Colony
in the Long [Indian] War Article XXV A Notable Exploit
from The Negro Christianized from Bonifacius. With Humble Proposals
to Do Good in the World
John Williams (1664-1729) from The Redeemed Captive Returning to Zion
Galeacius Secundus: The Life of William Bradford, Esq.,
Decennium Luctuosum: An History of Remarkable Occurrences
xiv Contents
694
697 698
7 15 716 7 17 720 72 1
722 723
732 732
73 8 73 8 73 9 740 74 1
742 742
743 743
745 745 746
747 749
75 1 752 752 753 754
754
755 755 757 75 9
A f Eighte
Ebenezer Cook (1667-1733) The Sot-weed Factor; or, a Voyage to Maryland,
Susanna Wright (1697-1784) To Eliza Norris-at Fairhill Anna Boylens Letter to Kin On the Benefit of Labour My Own Birthday-Augus
Richard Lewis (1700?-1734) A Journey from Patapsko to Annap
William Dawson (1704-1752) The Wager. A Tale
Jane Colman Turell (1708-1735) Psalm CXXXVII. Paraphras’d, Aug [Lines on Childbirth] On Reading the Warning by Mrs. Singer To My Muse, December 29,1725
Lucy Terry (1730-1821) Bars Fight
Thomas Godfrey (1736-1763) from The Prince of Parthia, A Tragedy
Annis Boudinot Stockton (1736-1801) To Laura Epistle, To Lucius A Poetical Epistle, Addressed by a Lady of New Jersey, to Her Niece,
The Vision, an Ode to Washington
Elizabeth Graeme Fergusson (1737-1801) Upon the Discovery of the Planet By Mr. Herschel of Bath On a Beautiful Damask Rose, Emblematical of Love and Wedlock On the Mind’s Being Engrossed by One Subject
Milcah Martha Moore (1740-1829) The Female Patriots. Address’d to the Daughters of Liberty
Nathaniel Evans (1742-1767) Hymn to May Ode to the Memory of Mr. Thomas Godfrey To Benjamin Franklin, Occasioned by Hearing Him Play on the Harmonica
upon Her Marriage
in America, 1768
Contents xv
760 7 60 761
763
7 64 7 67 7 68
770
770 77 1
772 772 773 774 775
777
780 780
7 82 7 85 791 7 92 7 94 7 97 798 802 804 805 805
853 863
867
869
Anna Young Smith (1756-1780) On Reading Swift’s Works An Elegy to the Memory of the American Volunteers, April 19,1775
Sarah Wentworth Apthorp Morton (1759-1846) Ouabi: or the Virtues of Nature, An Indian Tale. In Four Cantos
Stanzas to a Husband Recently United The African Chief
Margaretta Bleecker Faugéres (177 1-1801) The following Lines were occasioned by Mr. Robertson’s refusing to paint
for one Lady, and immediately after taking another lady’s likeness 1793 To Aribert. October, 1790
Poems Published Anonymously The Lady’s Complaint Verses Written by a Young Lady, on Women Born to Be Controll’d! The Maid’s Soliloquy Rights of Woman
Canto I
Voices of Revolution and Nationalism Handsome Lake (Seneca) (1735-1815) How America Was Discovered
Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790) The Way to Wealth A Witch Trial at Mount Holly The Speech of Polly Baker An Edict by the King of Prussia The Ephemera, an Emblem of Human Life Remarks Concerning the Savages of North America On the Slave-Trade Speech in the Convention The Autobiography
Part One [Twyford, at the Bishop of St. Asaph’s, 17711 Part Two: Continuation of the Account of My Life Begun
Part Three [Philadelphia, 17881
Mercy Otis Warren (1728-1814) To Fidelio, Long Absent on the great public Cause, which agitated all
at Passy, 1784
America, in 1776
xvi Contents
87 1 894 895
898 899 899
902 905
910
91 1 918
934 93 6 93 6 942 942 948 948 94 9
95 1 952
954 955 957 957 95 8 95 9 961
962
964
965
966
968 970
The Group from The Ladies of Castille from An Address to the Inhabitants of the United States of America
J. Hector St. John de Crèvecoeur (1735-1813) Letters from an American Farmer
from Letter 1. Introduction from Letter 11. On the Situation, Feelings, and
Pleasures of an American Farmer from Letter 111. What Is an American? from Letter V. Customary Education and Employment
from Letter 1X. Description of Charles Town; Thoughts
from Letter XII. Distresses of a Frontier Man
of the Inhabitants of Nantucket
on Slavery; on Physical Evil; a Melancholy Scene
Thomas Paine (1737-1809) Common Sense
The American Crisis
The Age of Reason
Thoughts on the Present State of American Affairs
Number 1
Chapter 1. The Author’s Profession of Faith from Chapter 11. Of Missions and Revelations from Chapter 111. Concerning the Character of Jesus Christ,
from Chapter VI. Of the True Theology and His History
John Adams (1735-1826) and Abigail Adams (1744-1818) from Autobiography of John Adams Letter from Abigail Adams to John Adams, March 3 1, 1776 Letter from John Adams to Abigail Adams, April 14, 1776 from Letter from John Adams to Mercy Otis Warren, April 16, 1776 from Letters from John Adams to Abigail Adams, July 3,1776 Letter from Abigail Adams to John Adams, June 30, 1778 Abigail Adams’s Diary of Her Return Voyage to America,
from Letter from John Adams to Thomas Jefferson,
from Letter from Thomas Jefferson to John Adams,
from Letter from John Adams to Thomas Jefferson,
Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826) Autobiography of Thomas Jefferson
March 30-May 1,1788
September 2,1813
October 28, 1813
November 15, 1813
Contents xvii
97 1
975
975 980 984 988 990 99 1 993 996 996 997 999 1003 1004 1006
1008 1010 1015 1020
1023 1025
1030
1030 103 1 1032 1033 1036 1037 1039 1041 1042
1044 1044 1045 1046 1046
A Declaration by the Representatives of the United States of America, in General Congress Assembled
Notes on the State of Virginia from Query VI: Productions, Mineral, Vegetable, and Animal,
from Query XI: Aborigines, Original Condition and Origin from Query XIV: Laws from Query XVII: Religion from Query XVIII: Manners Effect of Slavery
Buffon and the Theory of Degeneracy
from Letter to James Madison, Oct. 28, 1785 from Letter to James Madison, Dec. 20, 1787 Letter to Benjamin Banneker Letter to the Marquis de Condorcet Letter to Edward Coles Letter to Peter Carr [Young Man’s Education] from Letter to Benjamin Hawkins [Civilization of the Indians] Letter to Nathaniel Burvell [A Young Woman’s Education] from Indian Addresses: To Brother Handsome Lake
Federalist and Anti-Federalist Contentions The Federalist No. 6 (Alexander Hamilton) The Federalist No. 10 (James Madison) An Anti-Federalist Paper
Toussaint L’Ouverture (1744?-1803) Proclamations and Letters
Patriot and Loyalist Songs and Ballads “Patriot” Voices The Liberty Song Alphabet The King’s own Regulars, And their Triumphs over the Irregulars The Irishman’s Epistle to the Officers and Troops at Boston The Yankee’s Return from Camp Nathan Hale Sir Harry’s Invitation Volunteer Boys
“Loyalist” Voices When Good Queen Elizabeth Governed the Realm Song for a Fishing Party near Burlington, on the Delaware, in 1776 Burrowing Yankees A Birthday Song for the King’s Birthday, June 4, 1777
xviii Contents
1047 A Song 1048 An Appeal
io50 Contested Visions, American Voices 1053 Jupiter Hammon (1711-1806?) 1055 An Evening Thought: Salvation by Christ, with Penitential Cries
An Address to Miss Phillis Wheatly [sic], Ethiopian Poetess, in Boston, who came from Africa at eight years of age, and soon became acquainted with the gospel of Jesus Christ 1057
1060 1062 1062
1078 1079 1085
1100
1102
1106
1108 1109
1116
1118 1118 1126 1135 1140 1143
1149
1151 1154 1157
1164
James Grainger (1721?-1766) The Sugar-Cane. A Poem. In Four Books
from Book IV The Genius of Africa
Samson Occom (Mohegan) (1723-1792) A Short Narrative of My Life A Sermon Preached by Samson Occom
Briton Hammon (fl. 1760) Narrative of the Uncommon Sufferings and Surprizing Deliverance
of Briton Hammon
Prince Hall (1735?-1807) To the Honorable Council House of Representatives for the State
A Charge, Delivered to the African Lodge, June 24, 1797, at
Olaudah Equiano (1745-1797) The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, or
of Massachusetts-Bay in General Court assembled January 13th 1777
Menotomy
Gustavus Vassa, the African. Written by Himself from Chapter 1 Chapter 2 from Chapter 3 from Chapter 7 from Chapter 10
Judith Sargent Murray (1751-1820) Desultory Thoughts upon the Utility of encouraging a degree of Self-
On the Domestic Education of Children On the Equality of the Sexes Occasional Epilogue to The Contrast; a Comedy, Written
Complacency, especially in Female Bosoms
by Royal Tyler, Esq.
Contents xix
1166 1168 1170 1170
1175 1176 1180 1181 1183 1184 1185 1186 1188 1189
1191 1194 1194 1199
1205 1205
1207
1208 1209 1210 1211 12 12 1213 12 14
1215 1217 1219 1220
122 1
1223 1233
1237 123 9
Ann Eliza Bleecker (1752-1783) Written in the Retreat from Burgoyne On the Immensity of Creation from The History of Maria Kittle
Philip Freneau (1752-1832) The Power of Fancy A Political Litany To Sir Toby The Wild Honey Suckle from The Country Printer On the Universality and Other Attributes of the God of Nature On Observing a Large Red-streak Apple The Indian Burying Ground On the Causes of Political Degeneracy
Timothy Dwight (1752-1817) Greenfield Hill
Part 11: The Flourishing Village from Part IV: The Destruction of the Pequods
Phillis Wheatley (1753-1784) To Maecenas Letter to the Right Hon’ble The Earl of Dartmouth per favour
of Mr. Wooldridge To the Right Honourable William, Earl of Dartmouth, His Majesty’s
Principal Secretary of State for North-America, Letter to the Rt. Hon’ble the Countess of Huntingdon On the Death of the Rev. Mr. George Whitefield 1770 On the Death of Dr. Samuel Marshall 1771 On Being Brought from Africa to America A Farewell to America To the University of Cambridge, in New England Philis’s [sic] Reply to the Answer in our Last by the Gentleman
To His Excellency General Washington Liberty and Peace, A Poem by Phillis Peters Letter to Samson Occom
Lemuel Haynes (1753-1833) Liberty Further Extended: Or Free Thoughts on the Illegality
of Slave-keeping Universal Salvation
Joel Barlow (1754-1812) The Prospect of Peace
in the Navy
xx Contents
1245 1255
1257 1259
1300 1302
1306 1307 1307 1308 1309 13 10 1311 13 12 13 13 13 14 1314 13 16 13 17 13 17 13 19 1320 1322 1324 1325
1326 1327 1327 1328 1330
133 1 1333 1335 1337 1338
1339 1341
The Hasty Pudding, A Poem, in Three Cantos Advice to a Raven in Russia
Royall Tyler (1757-1826) The Contrast, A Comedy in Five Acts
Hendrick Aupaumut (Mahican) (1757-1830) from A Short Narration of My Last Journey to the Western Country
Hannah Webster Foster (1758-1840) The Coquette; or, the History of Eliza Wharton
Letter I. To Miss Lucy Freeman Letter 11. To the Same Letter 111. To the Same Letter IV. To Mr. Selby Letter V. To Miss Lucy Freeman Letter VI. To the Same Letter VIII. To Mr. Charles Deighton Letter XI. To Mr. Charles Deighton Letter XII. To Miss Lucy Freeman Letter XIII. To Miss Eliza Wharton Letter XVIII. To Mr. Charles Deighton Letter LXV. To Mr. Charles Deighton Letter LXVIII. To Mrs. M. Wharton Letter LXXI. To Mrs. Lucy Sumner Letter LXXII. To Mr. Charles Deighton Letter LXXIII. To Miss Julia Granby Letter LXXIV. To Mrs. M. Wharton
Susanna Haswell Rowson (1762-1824) Charlotte Temple from Preface from Chapter I: A Boarding School Chapter VI: An Intriguing Teacher from Chapter VII: Natural Sense of Propriety Inherent in the
Chapter IX: We Know Not What a Day May Bring Forth from Chapter XI: Conflict of Love and Duty Chapter XII: [How thou art fall’n! 1 from Chapter XIV: Maternal Sorrow
Charles Brockden Brown (1771-1810) Somnambulism, A fragment
Female Bosom
Contents xxi
EARLY NINETEENTH CENTURY 1800- 1865 1355
1386 Native America 1388 Jane Johnston Schoolcraft (Ojibwa) (1800-1841) 1389 Mishosha, or the Magician and His Daughters 1394 The Forsaken Brother
1397 William Apess (Pequot) (1798-?) 1398 An Indian’s Looking-Glass for the White Man
1403 John Wannuaucon Quinney (Mahican) (1797-1855) 1405 Quinney’s Speech
1409 Elias Boudinot (Cherokee) (c. 1802-1839) I41 I An Address to the Whites
1418 1419
1422 1424
1437 1439 1440 1442 1443
Seattle (Duwamish) (1786-1866) Speech of Chief Seattle
George Copway (Kah-ge-ga-gah-bowh; Ojibwa) 1818-1869) from The Life of Kah-ge-ga-gah-bowh
John Rollin Ridge (Cherokee) (1827-1867) Oppression of Digger Indians The Atlantic Cable The Stolen White Girl A Scene Along the Rio de la Plumas
1446 Spanish America 1448 1449 145 1 1455 1456 1458 1460
1461
1464 1464
1468 1468
1478 1478
Tales from the Hispanic Southwest La comadre Sebastiana/Dona Sebastiana Los tres hermanos/The Three Brothers El obispo/The New Bishop El indito de las cien vacas/The Indian and the Hundred Cows La Llorona, La Malinche, and the Unfaithful Maria The Devil Woman
Narratives from the Mexican and Early American Southwest Pio Pico (1801-1894) from Historical Narrative
Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo (1808-1890) from Recuerdos históricos y personales tocante a la alta California
Richard Henry Dana, Jr. (1815-1882) from Two Years Before the Mast and Twenty-Four Years After
xxii Contents
1481 1481
1485 1485 1485 1487 1487 1489
1492 1492 1492 1492 1493 1493
1496
1497 1499 1501 1501 1507 1508 1509 15 10
1512 1516 1543 1555 1572 1587 1603 1603 1604 1605 1606 1608 1611 1612 1612
Alfred Robinson (1806-1895) from Life in California
Josiah Gregg (1806-1850) Commerce of the Prairies
5. New Mexico 7. Domestic Animals 8. Arts and Crafts 9. The People
Frederick Law Olmsted (1822-1903) A Journey Through Texas
San Antonio The Missions Town Life The Mexicans in Texas
The Cultures of New England Lydia Howard Huntley Sigourney (1791-1865) The Suttee Death of an Infant The Father The Indian’s Welcome to the Pilgrim Fathers Indian Names Niagara To a Shred of Linen
Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882) Nature The American Scholar Self-Reliance The Poet Experience Concord Hymn The Rhodora The Snow-Storm Compensation Hamatreya Merlin Brahma Days Terminus
Contents xxiii
1613 1615 1617 1619 1622
1626 1629 163 1 1653 1660 1660 1665
1669 1672 1687 1687 1696 1703 17 13 172 1 1737 1758 1758 1760
1764 1764 1764 1769 1771
1774
1775
1777
1787 1789
1791 1793 1793 1794
John Greenleaf Whittier (1807-1892) The Hunters of Men The Farewell Massachusetts to Virginia At Port Royal
Sarah Margaret Fuller (1810-1850) To [Sophia Ripley?] from Woman in the Nineteenth Century from American Literature Things and Thoughts in Europe
Dispatch 17 Dispatch 18
Henry David Thoreau (1817-1862) Resistance to Civil Government Walden
Where I Lived, and What I Lived For Higher Laws Spring Conclusion
A Plea for Captain John Brown Walking Letters to H. G. 0. Blake:
March 27, 1848 November 16,1857
Harriet E. Wilson (1827?-1863?) Our Nig; or, Sketches from the Life of a Free Black
Chapter IV. A Friend for Nig Chapter X. Perplexities-Another Death Chapter XII. The Winding Up of the Matter
Race, Slavery, and the Invention of the “South” David Walker (1785-1830) from Appeal . . . to the Coloured Citizens of the World
William Lloyd Garrison (1805-1879) Editorial from the first issue of The Liberator
Lydia Maria Child (1802-1880) Appeal in Favor of that Class of Americans Called Africans
(third edition, 1829)
Preface Chapter VI11
xxiv Contents
1795 1795 1799 1802
1805 1806
1814 1817 1881
1900
1902
1908 1909
1918 1920 1920
1928 1930 193 1 1933 1934 1935
1936 1938
1945 1947 1957
1960 1962 1962 1964 1968 1972 1978 1980 1986
1987 1989
Letters from New York 14. [Homelessness, 18421 33. [Anti-abolitionist mobs, 18421 50. Women’s Rights, 1843
Angelina Grimké (1805-1879) from Appeal to the Christian Women of the South
Frederick Douglass (1818-1895) Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?
Henry Highland Garnet (1815-1882) An Address to the Slaves of the United States of America,
Buffalo, N.Y., 1843
George Fitzhugh (1804-1881) from Southern Thought
Caroline Lee Hentz (1800-1856) The Planter’s Northern Bride
Frances Ellen Watkins Harper (1825-1911) The Slave Mother The Tennessee Hero Free Labor An Appeal to the American People The Colored People in America Speech: On the Twenty-Fourth Anniversary of the American
The Two Offers
Thomas Wentworth Higginson (1823-191 1) from Nat Turner’s Insurrection Letter to Mrs. Higginson on Emily Dickinson
Harriet Ann Jacobs (1813-1897) Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl
Chapter I
Anti-Slavery Society
I. Childhood VI. The Jealous Mistress X. A Perilous Passage in the Slave Girl’s Life XVI. Scenes at the Plantation XXI. The Loophole of Retreat XLI. Free at Last
Harriet Jacobs to Ednah Dow Cheney, April 25, 1867
Mary Boykin Chesnut (1823-1886) Mary Chesnut’s Civil War
Contents xxv
1989 1990 1992 1993 1994 1995
1996 1997
2007 2009 2010
2012
2013
2013 2013 2017
2020 2020 2020 202 1
2023
2025 2027
2028
2030 203 1 2032 2032 2033 2033 2034 2035 2036 2036 2037
March 18, 1861 August 26,1861 October 13,1861 October 20, 1861 January 16, 1865 January 17,1865
Wendell Phillips (1811-1884) from Toussaint L‘Ouverture
Abraham Lincoln 1809-1865) Address at the Dedication of the Gettysburg National Cemetery Second Inaugural Address
Literature and “The Woman Question” Sarah Moore Grimké (1792-1873) Letters on the Equality of the Sexes, and the Condltion
of Woman Letter VIII. The Condition of Women in the United States Letter XV. Man Equally Guilty with Woman in the Fall
Angelina Grimké (1805-1879) Letters to Catherine Beecher
Letter XI. [untitled] Letter XII. Human Rights Not Founded on Sex
Sojourner Truth (c . 1797-1883) Reminiscences by Frances D. Gage of Sojourner Truth, for
Speech at New York City Convention Address to the First Annual Meeting of the American Equal
Rights Association
Fanny Fern (Sara Willis Parton) (181 1-1872) Hints to Young Wives Fern Leaves, 1st Series
Thanksgiving Story Fern Leaves, 2nd Series
Soliloquy of a Housemaid Apollo Hyacinth Critics Mrs. Adolphus Smith Sporting the “Blue Stocking”
May 28-29,185 1
Independence The Working-Girls of New York
xxvi Contents
203 8 2040 2042
2045
2048
2052 2052
2053 2054
2056 2056 2056 2056 2056 2057
2061 2061
2065 2065
207 1 2073 2073 2081 2093
21 13
2115 2116 2117 2118
2135 2137 2137 2 142 2147
2149 2151 2151
Elizabeth Cady Stanton (1815-1902) from Eighty Years and More: Reminiscences Declaration of Sentiments
The Development of Narrative Humor of the Old Southwest Davy Crockett (1786-1836) The Crockett Almanacs
Sunrise in His Pocket A Pretty Predicament Crockett’s Daughters
Mike Fink (1770?-1823?) The Crockett Almanacs
Mike Fink’s Brag Mike Fink Trying to Scare Mrs. Crockett Sal Fink, the Mississippi Screamer, How She Cooked Injuns
The Death of Mike Fink (recorded by Joseph M. Field)
Augustus Baldwin Longstreet (1790-1870) The Horse Swap
George Washington Harris (1814-1869) Mrs. Yardley’s Quilting
Washington Irving (1783-1859) A History of New York
Book I, Chapter 5 Rip Van Winkle The Legend of Sleepy Hollow
James Fenimore Cooper (1789-1851) The Pioneers, or the Sources of the Susquehanna:
A Descriptive Tale Chapter XXI Chapter XXII Chapter XXIII
Catharine Maria Sedgwick (1789-1867) Hope Leslie
from Volume 1, Chapter 7 from Volume 2, Chapter 1 from Volume 2, Chapter 8
Caroline Kirkland (1801-1864) A New Home-Who’ll Follow?
Preface
Contents xxvii
2152 2152 2156 2159 2160 2168
2170 2 173 2186 2 195 2204 22 15 2235 2372 2374 2378 2379 2379 2381 2383 23 85 23 86 2386
2387 23 90 2400 2414 2420 2423 2430 2443 2449 2457 2458 2458 2459 2461 2462 2464 2465 2465 2467
Preface to the Fourth Edition Chapter I Chapter XV Chapter XVII Chapter XXVII Chapter XLIII
Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804-1864) My Kinsman, Major Molineux Young Goodman Brown The Minister’s Black Veil The Birth-mark Rappaccini’s Daughter The Scarlet Letter Preface to The House of the Seven Gables Mrs. Hutchinson from Abraham Lincoln Letters
To Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (June 4, 1837) To Sophia Peabody (April 13, 1841) To H. W. Longfellow (June 5,1849) To J. T. Fields (January 20, 1850) To J. T. Fields (Undated draft) To H. W. Longfellow (January 2,1864)
Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849) Ligeia The Fall of the House of Usher The Man of the Crowd The Tell-Tale Heart The Black Cat The Purloined Letter The Facts in the Case of M. Valdemar The Philosophy of Composition Sonnet-To Science Romance To Helen Israfel The City in the Sea The Sleeper Bridal Ballad Sonnet-Silence Dream-Land The Raven
xxviii
2470 2473
2475 2478 2478 2485 2490 2499 25 05 25 12 25 14 25 18 2522 2522 2530
253 9 254 1 254 1 2543 2545 2547
2550 2554 2580 2580 2587 2598 2656 27 14 2727 2727 2727 2728 2728 2729
2729 273 1 273 1
2747 2748
Contents
Ulalume Annabel Lee
Harriet Beecher Stowe (1811-1896) Uncle Tom’s Cabin
I. In Which the Reader Is Introduced to a Man of Humanity VII. The Mother’s Struggle XI. In Which Property Gets into an Improper State of Mind XIII. The Quaker Settlement XIV. Evangeline XL. The Martyr X I . The Young Master
from Preface to the First Illustrated Edition of Uncle Tom’s Cabin The Minister’s Wooing
XXIII. Views of Divine Government Sojourner Truth, the Libyan Sibyl
William Wells Brown (1815-1884) Clotelle; or, The Colored Heroine
Chapter 11. The Negro Sale Chapter X. The Quadroon’s Home Chapter XI. To-Day a Mistress, To-Morrow a Slave Chapter XVIII. A Slave-Hunting Parson
Herman Melville (1819-1891) Bartleby, the Scrivener The Paradise of Bachelors and the Tartarus of Maids
I. The Paradise of Bachelors 11. The Tartarus of Maids
Benito Cereno Billy Budd, Sailor Hawthorne and His Mosses Battle-Pieces and Aspects of the War
The Portent (1859) A Utilitarian View of the Monitor’s Fight
Timoleon Monody Art
Alice Cary (1820-1871) Clovernook, Second Series
Uncle Christopher’s
Elizabeth Stoddard (1823-1902) Lemorne Versus Huell
Contents xxix
2761 2763
2788
2791 2793 2793 2794 2794 2794 2795 2795 2796 2796 2796 2798 2799 2799 2800 2801 2802 2804 2805 2 805 2806 2807 2808 2810 2811
2811 2813 2815 2816 2817 2818 2818 282 1
2822 2823
Rebecca Harding Davis (1831-1910) Life in the Iron-Mills
The Emergence of American Poetic Voices Songs and Ballads Songs of the Slaves
Lay Dis Body Down Nobody Knows the Trouble I’ve Had Deep River Roll, Jordan, Roll Michael Row the Boat Ashore Steal Away to Jesus There’s a Meeting Here To-Night Many Thousand Go Go Down, Moses Didn’t My Lord Deliver Daniel
John Brown’s Body The Battle Hymn of the Republic (Julia Ward Howe) Pat Works on the Railway Sweet Betsy from Pike Bury Me Not on the Lone Prairie Shenandoah Clementine Acres of Clams Cindy Paper of Pins Come Home, Father (Henry Clay Work) Life Is a Toil
Songs of White Communities
William Cullen Bryant (1794-1878) Thanatopsis The Yellow Violet To a Waterfowl To Cole, the Painter, Departing for Europe To the Fringed Gentian The Prairies Abraham Lincoln
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1807-1882) A Psalm of Life
xxx Contents
2 825 2825 2827 2828 2828
2829 283 1 2832 2833 2833 2835 2836 2837 2839 2840 2841 2843 2844 2845
2846 2849 2849 2863 2914 2922 2922 2923 2923 2923 2925 2925 2925 2926 2927 2927 2927 2927 2933 2933 2934 2935 2935
The Warning The Jewish Cemetery at Newport Aftermath Chaucer The Harvest Moon
Frances Sargent Locke Osgood (1811-1850) Ellen Learning to Walk The Little Hand The Maiden’s Mistake Oh! Hasten to My Side A Reply Lines Woman Alone Little Children To a Slandered Poetess The Indian Maid’s Reply to the Missionary The Hand That Swept the Sounding Lyre The Wraith of the Rose
Walt Whitman (1819-1892) Leaves of Grass
Preface to the 1855 Edition Song of Myself The Sleepers from Inscriptions
from Children of Adam One’s-Self I Sing
To the Garden the World A Woman Waits for Me
In Paths Untrodden Recorders Ages Hence When I Heard at the Close of the Day Here the Frailest Leaves of Me I Dream’d in a Dream
Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking
Europe, the 72d and 73d Years of These States When I Heard the Learn’d Astronomer To a President The Dalliance of the Eagles
from Calamus
from Sea-Drift
from By the Roadside
Contents xxxi
2935 2936 2936 2937 2937 2938 2939 2940 2940 2940 294 1 294 1 2948 2948 2949 295 1 295 1 2952 2952 2953 2953 2955 2955 2956 2956 2957 2960
2969 2974 2974 2975 2975 2976 2976 2977 2977 2977 2978 2978 2979 2979 2979 2980
To the States from Drum-Taps
Beat! Beat! Drums! Cavalry Crossing a Ford Vigil Strange I Kept on the Field One Night A March in the Ranks Hard-Prest, and the Road Unknown Year That Trembled and Reel’d Beneath Me Ethiopia Saluting the Colors Reconciliation As I Lay with My Head in Your Lap Camerado
from Memories of President Lincoln When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom’d
from Autumn Rivulets Sparkles from the Wheel Prayer of Columbus
from Whispers of Heavenly Death Quicksand Years
from From Noon to Starry Night To a Locomotive in Winter
from Songs of Parting So Long!
from Sands at Seventy (First Annex) Yonnondio
from Good-bye My Fancy (Second Annex) Good-bye My Fancy!
Respondez! [Poem deleted from Leaves of Gruss) from Democratic Vistas
Emily Dickinson (1830-1886) Poems
[One Sister have I in our house) [I never lost as much but twice) [Success is counted sweetest] [Her breast is fit for pearls] [These are the days when Birds come back-] [Come slowly-Eden [Did the Harebell loose her girdle] [Wild Nights-Wild Nights!] [I can wade Grief-] [There’s a certain Slant of light] [I felt a Funeral, in my Brain] [I’m Nobody! Who are you?] [If your Nerve, deny you-] [Your Riches-taught me-Poverty]
xxxii Contents
2981 2981 2981 2982 2982 2983 2984 2984 2985 2985 2985 2986 2986 2987 2987 2987 2988 2988 2989 2989 2990 2990 2991 2992 2992 2993 2993 2993 2994 2 994 2996 2996 2997 2997 2998 2998 2998 2999 2999 3 000 3000 3001 3001
[I reason, Earth is shor t - ) [The Soul selects her own Society-] [The Soul’s Superior instants] [I send Two Sunsets-] [It sifts from Leaden Sieves) [There came a Day at Summer’s full] [Some keep the Sabbath going to Church) [A Bird came down the Walk-) [I know that He exists.] [After great pain, a formal feeling comes-) [God is a distant-stately Lover-] [Dare you see a Soul at the White Heat?] [What Soft-Cherubic Creatures-] [Much Madness is divinest Sense-) [This is my letter to the World) [I tie my Hat-I crease my Shawl-] [I showed her Hights she never saw-] [This was a Poet-It is That-] [I heard a Fly buzz-when I died-] [This World is not Conclusion1 [Her sweet Weight on my Heart a Night) [I started Early-Took my D o g - ) [One Crucifixion is recorded-only-I [I reckon-when I count at all-9 [I had been hungry, all the Years-] [Empty my Heart, of Thee1 [They shut me up in Prose-] [Ourselves were wed one summer-dear-] [The Brain-is wider than the Sky- ) [I cannot live with You-] [I dwell in Possibility-] [Of all the Souls that stand create-] [One need not be a Chamber-to be Haunted-] [Essential Oils-are wrung-] [They say that “Time Assuages”-I [Publication-is the Auction] [Because I could not stop for Death-] [She rose to His Requirement-dropt9 [My Life had stood-a Loaded G u n - 9 [Presentiment-is that long Shadow-on the Lawn-] [This Consciousness that is aware) [The Poets light but Lamps-] [The Missing All, prevented Me)
Contents xxxiii
3001 3 002 3 002 3 003 3 003 3 003 3003 3 004 3 005 3006 3006 3 006 3006 3 007 3 007 3008 3 008 3008 3010 3011 3011 3012 3013 3015 3015 3015 3017 3018 3019 3 020 3020 3020 3020 3021 3021 3 022
3 023
3025
[A narrow Fellow in the Grass] [Perception of an object costs] [Title divine-is mine!] [The Bustle in a House) [Revolution is the Pod) [Tell all the Truth but tell it slant-] [He preached upon “Breadth” till it argued him narrow-) [Not with a Club, the Heart is broken] [What mystery pervades a well!] [A Counterfeit-a Plated Person-] [“Heavenly Father”-take to thee] [A Route of Evanescence] [The Bible is an Antique Volume-] [Volcanoes be in Sicily] [Rearrange a “Wife’s” affection!] [To make a prairie it takes a clover and one bee]
To Abiah Root (January 29,1850) To Austin Dickinson (October 17, 1851) To Susan Gilbert (Dickinson) (late April 1852) To Susan Gilbert (Dickinson) (June 27, 1852) To Samuel Bowles (about February 1861) To recipient unknown (about 1861) To Susan Gilbert Dickinson (date uncertain) To T. W. Higginson (April 15,1862) To T. W. Higginson (April 25,1862) To T. W. Higginson (June 7,1862) To T. W. Higginson (July 1862) To Mrs. J. G. Holland (early May 1866) To Susan Gilbert Dickinson (about 1870) To Susan Gilbert Dickinson (about 1870) To T. W. Higginson (1876) To Otis P. Lord [rough draft] (about 1878) To Susan Gilbert Dickinson (about 1878) To Susan Gilbert Dickinson (early October 1883) To Susan Gilbert Dickinson (about 1884)
Letters
Permissions Acknowledgements
Index