© Alistair Cockburn 2018

The Heart of Agile

Dr. Alistair Cockburn http://Alistair.Cockburn.us

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© Alistair Cockburn 2018

2

Pierre Hervouet’s recap of history:

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3

Certified ScrumMaster Training has 104 LOs !

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Oversimplified:

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Agile の 心 Heart of Agile

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The Heart expands into Details

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Collaboration

Trust

Internal Flow

Deliver for Income

Culture

Deliver for Learning

Examine Data

Introspect

Experiment

Change

© Alistair Cockburn 2018

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Collaborate

Improve Deliver

Reflect

Collaboration

Trust

Internal Flow

Deliver for Income

Culture

Deliver for Learning

Examine Data

Introspect

Experiment

Change

The Heart expands into Details

Lean Production

Queue Management Kanban

Business

Social

Technical

Cost

Web Analytics Results

Early Revenue

Emotions

Future Focus

Emotional Safety

Small changes

Limit Changes

Skills development

Guest Leadeship Listen

Politics Silos

Collaboration Cards

Allow failure

Rewards

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Internal Flow

Lean Production in Mental Activities

Lean Production Queue Management

Kanban

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(Think about how many lines

of code testers get

handed at one moment!)

Internal Inventory = Unvalidated Decisions

I wish they’d decide what style they want!

Users & Sponsors

Testers Business Analysts

I wish they’d decide what

functions they want!

A decision made by the user/sponsor to be used by the

UI designer I wish they’d decide

on the UI design already!

I wish they’d think a bit more carefully

before coding!

Programmers

Every line of code is a decision!

UI Designers

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Users & Sponsors

UI Designers

Programmers Testers

Business Analysts

Convert jams

Correct/ improve decisions asap, balance the flow

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Correct/ improve decisions asap, balance the flow

Users & Sponsors

UI Designers

Programmers Testers

Business Analysts

to continuous flow.

© Alistair Cockburn 2018

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Deliver for Learning

Deliver for Learning (“Pay to Learn”)

Business

Social

Technical

Cost

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Delivers nearly no knowledge (or risk reduction)

Big-Bang Design is a late-learning strategy

time

Knowledge comes at the “moment of truth”: final integration.

cost

Growth of knowledge with big-bang integration

© Alistair Cockburn 2018

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Learn & Reduce risk

Better knowledge, less risk

Deliver for Learning: Learn Early, Learn Often

time

cost

Growth of knowledge with early, continuous integration

Learning: - Business - Technical - Social - Cost / Schedule

© Alistair Cockburn 2018

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Deliver for learning

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Improve Deliver

Reflect Deliver for

Income

Deliver for Income (Early Revenue)

Early Revenue

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Make the project “self-funding” as soon as possible

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Trust

Culture

Build a “pull” culture, or Trust and Ownership Guest Leadeship Listen

Politics Silos

Rewards

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Increase trust & ownership. Everywhere.

Theory X (controlling, forcing)

Theory Y (permitting, choosing) autocratic

leadership

guest leadership

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Theory X a force model; Theory Y a choose model

Force / Push / Controlling model Workers are lazy Management tells Physical work improves under stress

Choose / Pull / Permitting model Workers are motivated Management shares direction, Workers share insights. Mental work gets

worse under stress

© Alistair Cockburn 2018

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The assignment for managers: Theory X above, Theory Y below

stockholders Wall Street

Theory Y (choose, permission, freedom)

Theory X (force, control, dominate)

The push-to-pull umbrella

autocratic leadership

guest leadership

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Culture

Guest leadership is enhanced collaboration Guest Leadeship

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Guest Leadership: What when guests are leaders?

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Guest Leadership: What when guests are leaders?

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Collaboration

“Shu” level ways to improve collaboration

Collaboration Cards

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“Collaboration Cards” codify moments of collaboration

© Alistair Cockburn 2018

27 Collaboration at the Shu level

Collaboration The Dance Of Contribution

Lift Others

Collaboration The Dance Of Contribution

Add Energy

ADD ENERGY

Collaboration The Dance Of Contribution

INCREASE SAFETY

Collaboration The Dance Of Contribution

Get Results

GET RESULTS

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By tone of voice and gesture, place the other

person at your same level or higher.

This includes self-deprecating humor.

It does not mean groveling.

Lower your relative social position

LIFT

OTH

ERS People can usually tell if

you are being yourself or acting. Being yourself

shows there is nothing to be afraid of.

Try "being in the bar at 9pm with friends," quite

obviously relaxed and your regular self. (This is not an

excuse to be crude.)

© Alistair Cockburn, 2008

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INCR

EASE

SA

FETY

Be yourself

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Getting a result is heartening.

Good facilitators often generate a victory to help encourage and bind the

group.

If the session is ending, aim for a small goal, so that the group can end

with a victory.

Get one result

GET

RES

ULT

S Avoid being lethargic yourself.

Body posture, muscle tone, eye alertness, all

communicate your energy level.

Even just sitting alert contributes energy to the room. Pay close attention

to the speaker, digest what they say, ask a question.

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A D

D

E N

E R

G Y

Keepyourenergyhigh!

© Alistair Cockburn 2018

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Introspect

The Heart expands into Details

Future Focus

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Future focus Notice what you want to see present.

Assume the main problem is gone...

What will notice is present now? Describe the way the day unfolds when it is unfolding well

© Alistair Cockburn 2018

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Make a small change

In your next “Reflection Workshop” Ask:

“When things are working optimally, what I will notice happening is...”

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Using the Heart of Agile: 1st Wallboard from Djordje Babić

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Using the Heart of Agile: 4th Wallboard from Djordje Babič

© Alistair Cockburn 2018

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Collaborate

Improve Deliver

Reflect

Collaboration

Trust

Internal Flow

Deliver for Income

Culture

Deliver for Learning

Examine Data

Introspect

Experiment

Change

Life is complicated. Periodically, make it simple

Lean Production

Queue Management Kanban

Business

Social

Technical

Cost

Web Analytics Results

Early Revenue

Emotions

Future Focus

Emotional Safety

Small changes

Limit Changes

Skills development

Guest Leadeship Listen

Politics Silos

Collaboration Cards

Allow failure

Rewards

© Alistair Cockburn 2018

34

Keep It Simple

Collaborate

Improve Deliver

Reflect

Collaboration

Trust

Internal Flow

Deliver for Income

Culture

Deliver for Learning

Examine Data

Introspect

Experiment

Change

© Alistair Cockburn 2018

35

Simple

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Reflect

© Alistair Cockburn 2018

The Heart

of Agile

http://Alistair.Cockburn.us

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