Lloyd Dean

The Heart

The Heart Structure

• Size and Location

• 3 Layers of Heart Wall

Pericardium (Outer Layer) Reduce friction & maintain heart shape

Myocardium (Middle Layer) Largest layer and used in electrical impulse of heart

beat

Endocardium (Inner Layer)Prevent friction between flowing blood and heart muscle

The Heart Structure

“Cardium” – Heart

“Peri” – On, around

“Myo” – Muscle

“Endo” – Within, Inward

Heart Chambers

RIGHT ATRIUM LEFT

ATRIUM

RIGHT VENTRICL

E

LEFT VENTRICL

E

MUSCLE

Septum – Divides the two sides of the heart preventing oxygenated blood mixing with deoxygenated blood.

Pulmonary Vein – Transports oxygenated blood to the heart.Aorta – Transports oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body.Vena Cava – Transports deoxygenated blood from the body back to the heart.Pulmonary Artery – Transports deoxygenated blood to the lungs.

AORTAPULMONARY VEIN

PULMONARY ARTERY

VENA CAVA

SEPTUM

Valves in The Heart• 4 Valves in the heart

• Bicuspid Valve - Found between the left ventricle and the left atrium and prevents backflow of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium. Also known as Mitrial valve.

• Tricuspid Valve - Found between the right ventricle and the right atrium and prevents backflow of blood from the right ventricle to the right atrium

• Aortic Valve - Found in the aorta. They prevent backflow of blood into the left ventricle.

• Pulmonary Valve – Found in the pulmonary artery and prevents backflow of blood into the right ventricle.

• How do the valves make sure that blood does not flow backwards?

Chordae Tendinae

The Heart

Blood Flow Through Heart

The Heart Structure and Function• How does the heart receive energy?

• With the person sat next to you describe and draw how blood flows through the heart

• The heart beats between 80,000 to 100,000 times and pumps approximately 23,000 litres of blood a day

• That means it will have beat 2-3 billion times and pumped 50-65 million gallons of blood over a 70-90 year lifespan

• Remember to look after it!