The Growth of Nationalism

Nationalism = belief, support, and growth of one’s government.

After the War of 1812, America turned its attention to strengthening the country.

Nationalism at home

In McCulloch v. Maryland, Chief Justice Marshall ruled that Congress had the power to charter a national bank. Said gov’t had the right “to make all laws necessary and proper” for running the country.

In Dartmouth College v. Woodward the court said that a state cannot interfere in a contract. New Hampshire was prohibited from altering the charter of Dartmouth College.

Diploma

In Gibbons v. Ogden, Marshall said that states could not regulate commerce on interstate waterways (like canals or the Mississippi). This gave the federal gov’t control over all interstate business.

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Nationalism Abroad

After the war, Madison was out, Monroe was in. Monroe realized that since the wars were over in

Europe they would once again turn their eyes to the western

hemisphere.

Monroe Doctrine

In a speech to Congress in 1823, Monroe outlined a policy that came to be known as the Monroe Doctrine. It had four main points:

Point One: The US would not get involved in the internal affairs of European countries nor would the US take sides in European wars.

Point Two: The US recognized the existing colonies and states in the Western Hemisphere and would not interfere with them.

Point Three: The US would not permit any further colonization of the Western Hemisphere.

Point Four: Any attempt by a European power to control any

nation in the Western Hemisphere would be viewed as a hostile act toward the US (and

butts would be kicked!)

Unfortunately, the US did not have the military power to back this up. This doctrine was a bold step for a nation whose capital had been burned only a decade earlier. This policy will lay dormant for years, but will later prove useful.

In the Election of 1824, John Quincy Adams (the other Adams’

son) will defeat John C. Calhoun of South Carolina, Andrew Jackson,

and Henry Clay of Kentucky. Jackson won the most popular votes, but no one received a majority of electoral votes.

So the House of Representatives votes to choose the president. Adams’ victory was called a “corrupt bargain.” There were charges of illegal activity (gasp! …in Washington?!)

John Quincy Adams

John C. Calhoun of South Carolina

JC Calhoun was:

•Madison’s Secretary of War.

•Vice President under Adams.

•Secretary of State for Polk.

•Lawyer, slave owner, statesman for 4 decades, nationalist (as long as there was Southern control.)

Henry Clay of Kentucky

Henry Clay was:

•US Senator

•Speaker of the House

•Slave owner who freed his slaves due to uneasiness about slavery (like Jefferson)

Andrew Jackson:

aka - “Old Hickory”

Senator,General, Indian fighter, plantation owner