The Five Pillars

of ISLAM

The Five Pillars

of ISLAM

1. DECLARATION OF FAITH (Shahada)

One rendering is:

“There is no God but God and Muhammad is His Prophet.”

1. DECLARATION OF FAITH (Shahada)

One rendering is:

“There is no God but God and Muhammad is His Prophet.”

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1. DECLARATION OF FAITH (Shahada)

One rendering is:

“There is no God but God and Muhammad is His Prophet.”

(To become a Muslim one need only recite the Shahada three times before

witnesses.)

1. DECLARATION OF FAITH (Shahada)

One rendering is:

“There is no God but God and Muhammad is His Prophet.”

(To become a Muslim one need only recite the Shahada three times before

witnesses.)

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SAUDI ARABIA FLAGSAUDI ARABIA FLAG

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2. PRAYER

Salat is the name for the obligatory prayers which are performed Five times a day at dawn, noon, mid-afternoon, sunset and nightfall.

2. PRAYER

Salat is the name for the obligatory prayers which are performed Five times a day at dawn, noon, mid-afternoon, sunset and nightfall.

2. PRAYER

Salat is the name for the obligatory prayers which are performed Five times a day at dawn, noon, mid-afternoon, sunset and nightfall.

2. PRAYER

Salat is the name for the obligatory prayers which are performed Five times a day at dawn, noon, mid-afternoon, sunset and nightfall.

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5:7 O ye who believe! when ye prepare for

prayer, wash your faces, and your hands (and

arms) to the elbows; rub your heads (with water); and (wash) your feet to

the ankles.

5:7 O ye who believe! when ye prepare for

prayer, wash your faces, and your hands (and

arms) to the elbows; rub your heads (with water); and (wash) your feet to

the ankles.

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5:7 O ye who believe! when ye prepare for

prayer, wash your faces, and your hands (and

arms) to the elbows; rub your heads (with water); and (wash) your feet to

the ankles.

5:7 O ye who believe! when ye prepare for

prayer, wash your faces, and your hands (and

arms) to the elbows; rub your heads (with water); and (wash) your feet to

the ankles.

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5:7 O ye who believe! when ye prepare for

prayer, wash your faces, and your hands (and

arms) to the elbows; rub your heads (with water); and (wash) your feet to

the ankles.

5:7 O ye who believe! when ye prepare for

prayer, wash your faces, and your hands (and

arms) to the elbows; rub your heads (with water); and (wash) your feet to

the ankles.

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Rik’at (wreck-at) (prostrations) Bending. A collection of prayers at

congregational service, so called because the prayers

are accompanied by bending of the body,

bowing and prostration.

Rik’at (wreck-at) (prostrations) Bending. A collection of prayers at

congregational service, so called because the prayers

are accompanied by bending of the body,

bowing and prostration.

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Rik’at (wreck-at)

Series of ritual prostrations.

Rik’at (wreck-at)

Series of ritual prostrations.

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Rik’at (wreck-at)

Series of ritual prostrations.

Rik’at (wreck-at)

Series of ritual prostrations.

ORIENTATION – QIBLA

(‘Point of Adoration’)

KAABA-MECCA

ORIENTATION – QIBLA

(‘Point of Adoration’)

KAABA-MECCA

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2:143 And We appointed the qiblah which ye formerly observed only that We might know him who followeth the messenger, from him who turneth on his heels.

2:143 And We appointed the qiblah which ye formerly observed only that We might know him who followeth the messenger, from him who turneth on his heels.

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2:143 And We appointed the qiblah which ye formerly observed only that We might know him who followeth the messenger, from him who turneth on his heels.

2:143 And We appointed the qiblah which ye formerly observed only that We might know him who followeth the messenger, from him who turneth on his heels.

ORIENTATION – QIBLA

(‘Point of Adoration’)

KAABA-MECCA

ORIENTATION – QIBLA

(‘Point of Adoration’)

KAABA-MECCA

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MIHRAB

Every mosque contains a

mihrab (prayer niche) which

shows the direction of the

Kaaba (the qibla) from that place.

MIHRAB

Every mosque contains a

mihrab (prayer niche) which

shows the direction of the

Kaaba (the qibla) from that place.

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MIHRAB

Every mosque contains a

mihrab (prayer niche) which

shows the direction of the

Kaaba (the qibla) from that place.

MIHRAB

Every mosque contains a

mihrab (prayer niche) which

shows the direction of the

Kaaba (the qibla) from that place.

Second PillarSecond Pillar'In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate Praise be to God, the

Lord of all the Worlds, the All-Merciful, the All-Compassionate, the

Master of the Day of Judgement; Thee alone do we worship, Thee

alone do we ask for help. Guide us unto the straight path, the path of those to whom Thou givest of Thy

bounty, not of those who anger Thee, not of those who go astray.'

Sura 1:1-7 Recited to begin the obligatory prayer

'In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate Praise be to God, the

Lord of all the Worlds, the All-Merciful, the All-Compassionate, the

Master of the Day of Judgement; Thee alone do we worship, Thee

alone do we ask for help. Guide us unto the straight path, the path of those to whom Thou givest of Thy

bounty, not of those who anger Thee, not of those who go astray.'

Sura 1:1-7 Recited to begin the obligatory prayer

Second PillarSecond Pillar'In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate Praise be to God, the

Lord of all the Worlds, the All-Merciful, the All-Compassionate, the

Master of the Day of Judgement; Thee alone do we worship, Thee

alone do we ask for help. Guide us unto the straight path, the path of those to whom Thou givest of Thy

bounty, not of those who anger Thee, not of those who go astray.'

Sura 1:1-7 Recited to begin the obligatory prayer

'In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate Praise be to God, the

Lord of all the Worlds, the All-Merciful, the All-Compassionate, the

Master of the Day of Judgement; Thee alone do we worship, Thee

alone do we ask for help. Guide us unto the straight path, the path of those to whom Thou givest of Thy

bounty, not of those who anger Thee, not of those who go astray.'

Sura 1:1-7 Recited to begin the obligatory prayer

Second PillarSecond Pillar'In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate Praise be to God, the

Lord of all the Worlds, the All-Merciful, the All-Compassionate, the

Master of the Day of Judgement; Thee alone do we worship, Thee

alone do we ask for help. Guide us unto the straight path, the path of those to whom Thou givest of Thy

bounty, not of those who anger Thee, not of those who go astray.'

Sura 1:1-7 Recited to begin the obligatory prayer

'In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate Praise be to God, the

Lord of all the Worlds, the All-Merciful, the All-Compassionate, the

Master of the Day of Judgement; Thee alone do we worship, Thee

alone do we ask for help. Guide us unto the straight path, the path of those to whom Thou givest of Thy

bounty, not of those who anger Thee, not of those who go astray.'

Sura 1:1-7 Recited to begin the obligatory prayer

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The noon congregational prayer of Friday afternoon is mandated to be a collective prayer and must be said in

a Mosque, and is preceded by a sermon (Khutba). The Imam (prayer leader) is not a priest nor need be the same person every time, but considerations of scholarship and knowledge of the Quran and the

religion are exercised in choosing him .

The noon congregational prayer of Friday afternoon is mandated to be a collective prayer and must be said in

a Mosque, and is preceded by a sermon (Khutba). The Imam (prayer leader) is not a priest nor need be the same person every time, but considerations of scholarship and knowledge of the Quran and the

religion are exercised in choosing him .

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The noon congregational prayer of Friday afternoon is mandated to be a collective prayer and must be said in

a Mosque, and is preceded by a sermon (Khutba). The Imam (prayer leader) is not a priest nor need be the same person every time, but considerations of scholarship and knowledge of the Quran and the

religion are exercised in choosing him.

The noon congregational prayer of Friday afternoon is mandated to be a collective prayer and must be said in

a Mosque, and is preceded by a sermon (Khutba). The Imam (prayer leader) is not a priest nor need be the same person every time, but considerations of scholarship and knowledge of the Quran and the

religion are exercised in choosing him.

Salat

3. ALMS GIVING (Zakat)3. ALMS GIVING (Zakat)

Each year a Muslim calculates his or her own zakat individually. For most purposes this involves payment each

year of two and a half percent of one's capital.

Each year a Muslim calculates his or her own zakat individually. For most purposes this involves payment each

year of two and a half percent of one's capital.

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3. ALMS GIVING (Zakat)3. ALMS GIVING (Zakat)

Each year a Muslim calculates his or her own zakat individually. For most purposes this involves payment each

year of two and a half percent of one's capital.

Each year a Muslim calculates his or her own zakat individually. For most purposes this involves payment each

year of two and a half percent of one's capital.

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This 2.5% is calculated and given by the individual to the charity of his/her

choice.

This 2.5% is calculated and given by the individual to the charity of his/her

choice.

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19:55. He enjoined upon his people worship and almsgiving, and was

acceptable in the sight of his Lord. (MP)

19:55. He enjoined upon his people worship and almsgiving, and was

acceptable in the sight of his Lord. (MP)

• Zakat Video (Click here)

Zakat

4. FASTING FOR ONE MONTH4. FASTING FOR ONE MONTH

Every year in the month of Ramadan, all Muslims fast from first light until sundown, abstaining from food,

drink, and sexual relations. Those who are sick, elderly, or on a journey, and women who are pregnant or nursing are permitted to break the fast and make up

an equal number of days later in the year.

Every year in the month of Ramadan, all Muslims fast from first light until sundown, abstaining from food,

drink, and sexual relations. Those who are sick, elderly, or on a journey, and women who are pregnant or nursing are permitted to break the fast and make up

an equal number of days later in the year.

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4. FASTING FOR ONE MONTH4. FASTING FOR ONE MONTH

Every year in the month of Ramadan, all Muslims fast from first light until

sundown, abstaining from food, drink, and sexual relations. Those who are sick, elderly, or on a journey, and women who are pregnant or nursing are permitted to

break the fast and make up an equal number of days later in the year.

Every year in the month of Ramadan, all Muslims fast from first light until

sundown, abstaining from food, drink, and sexual relations. Those who are sick, elderly, or on a journey, and women who are pregnant or nursing are permitted to

break the fast and make up an equal number of days later in the year.

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LUNAR CALENDAR

LUNAR CALENDAR

Muslims use a lunar calendar to keep track of their days, weeks,

months and holy days.

Muslims use a lunar calendar to keep track of their days, weeks,

months and holy days.

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The lunar year has 12 months of 29.5 days. 12 x 29.5 = 354 days in a lunar year

compared to 365 in a solar year.

The lunar year has 12 months of 29.5 days. 12 x 29.5 = 354 days in a lunar year

compared to 365 in a solar year.

The seasons move around the year on the lunar calendar. If Christmas were on a lunar calendar it would sometimes take

place in the middle of summer!

The seasons move around the year on the lunar calendar. If Christmas were on a lunar calendar it would sometimes take

place in the middle of summer!

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The lunar year has 12 months of 29.5 days. 12 x 29.5 = 354 days in a lunar year

compared to 365 in a solar year.

The lunar year has 12 months of 29.5 days. 12 x 29.5 = 354 days in a lunar year

compared to 365 in a solar year.

The seasons move around the year on the lunar calendar. If Christmas were on a lunar calendar it would sometimes take

place in the middle of summer!

The seasons move around the year on the lunar calendar. If Christmas were on a lunar calendar it would sometimes take

place in the middle of summer!

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Origin of Christian Fasting

Some of the [Church] Fathers as early as the Fifth century supported the view that … forty days' fast was of Apostolic institution. For example, St. Leo (d. 461) exhorts his hearers to abstain that they may "fulfill with their fasts the Apostolic institution of the forty days“

– Catholic Encyclopedia

Origin of Christian Fasting

Some of the [Church] Fathers as early as the Fifth century supported the view that … forty days' fast was of Apostolic institution. For example, St. Leo (d. 461) exhorts his hearers to abstain that they may "fulfill with their fasts the Apostolic institution of the forty days“

– Catholic Encyclopedia

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Origin of Christian Fasting

Some of the [Church] Fathers as early as the Fifth century supported the view that … forty days' fast was of Apostolic institution. For example, St. Leo (d. 461) exhorts his hearers to abstain that they may "fulfill with their fasts the Apostolic institution of the forty days“ – Catholic Encyclopedia

Origin of Christian Fasting

Some of the [Church] Fathers as early as the Fifth century supported the view that … forty days' fast was of Apostolic institution. For example, St. Leo (d. 461) exhorts his hearers to abstain that they may "fulfill with their fasts the Apostolic institution of the forty days“ – Catholic Encyclopedia

Ramadan

5. PILGRIMAGE (Hajj) 5. PILGRIMAGE (Hajj)

The annual pilgrimage to Mecca — the Hajj — is an obligation only for those

who are physically and financially able to perform it. The annual Hajj begins in the twelfth month of the Islamic year (which is lunar, not solar, so that Hajj

and Ramadan fall sometimes in summer, sometimes in winter).

The annual pilgrimage to Mecca — the Hajj — is an obligation only for those

who are physically and financially able to perform it. The annual Hajj begins in the twelfth month of the Islamic year (which is lunar, not solar, so that Hajj

and Ramadan fall sometimes in summer, sometimes in winter).

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5. PILGRIMAGE (Hajj) 5. PILGRIMAGE (Hajj)

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The annual pilgrimage to Mecca — the Hajj — is an obligation only for those

who are physically and financially able to perform it. The annual Hajj begins in the twelfth month of the Islamic year (which is lunar, not solar, so that Hajj

and Ramadan fall sometimes in summer, sometimes in winter).

The annual pilgrimage to Mecca — the Hajj — is an obligation only for those

who are physically and financially able to perform it. The annual Hajj begins in the twelfth month of the Islamic year (which is lunar, not solar, so that Hajj

and Ramadan fall sometimes in summer, sometimes in winter).

And the thing was very grievous in Abraham's sight because of his son. And God said unto Abraham, Let it not be grievous in thy sight

because of the lad, and because of thy bondwoman; in all that Sarah hath said unto

thee, hearken unto her voice; for in Isaac shall thy seed be called. And also of the son of the

bondwoman will I make a nation, because he is thy seed. –Gen 21:11-12

And the thing was very grievous in Abraham's sight because of his son. And God said unto Abraham, Let it not be grievous in thy sight

because of the lad, and because of thy bondwoman; in all that Sarah hath said unto

thee, hearken unto her voice; for in Isaac shall thy seed be called. And also of the son of the

bondwoman will I make a nation, because he is thy seed. –Gen 21:11-12

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And the thing was very grievous in Abraham's sight because of his son. And God said unto Abraham, Let it not be grievous in thy sight

because of the lad, and because of thy bondwoman; in all that Sarah hath said unto

thee, hearken unto her voice; for in Isaac shall thy seed be called. And also of the son of the

bondwoman will I make a nation, because he is thy seed. –Gen 21:11-12

And the thing was very grievous in Abraham's sight because of his son. And God said unto Abraham, Let it not be grievous in thy sight

because of the lad, and because of thy bondwoman; in all that Sarah hath said unto

thee, hearken unto her voice; for in Isaac shall thy seed be called. And also of the son of the

bondwoman will I make a nation, because he is thy seed. –Gen 21:11-12

And Sarah saw the son of Hagar the Egyptian, which she had born unto

Abraham, mocking. Wherefore she said unto Abraham, Cast out this

bondwoman and her son: for the son of this bondwoman shall not be heir with

my son, … Isaac.

–Gen 21:9-10

And Sarah saw the son of Hagar the Egyptian, which she had born unto

Abraham, mocking. Wherefore she said unto Abraham, Cast out this

bondwoman and her son: for the son of this bondwoman shall not be heir with

my son, … Isaac.

–Gen 21:9-10

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And Sarah saw the son of Hagar the Egyptian, which she had born unto

Abraham, mocking. Wherefore she said unto Abraham, Cast out this

bondwoman and her son: for the son of this bondwoman shall not be heir with

my son, … Isaac.

–Gen 21:9-10

And Sarah saw the son of Hagar the Egyptian, which she had born unto

Abraham, mocking. Wherefore she said unto Abraham, Cast out this

bondwoman and her son: for the son of this bondwoman shall not be heir with

my son, … Isaac.

–Gen 21:9-10

And as for Ishmael, I have heard thee: Behold, I have blessed him, and will make

him fruitful, and will multiply him exceedingly; twelve princes shall he beget,

and I will make him a great nation.–Gen 17:20

And as for Ishmael, I have heard thee: Behold, I have blessed him, and will make

him fruitful, and will multiply him exceedingly; twelve princes shall he beget,

and I will make him a great nation.–Gen 17:20

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And as for Ishmael, I have heard thee: Behold, I have blessed him, and will make

him fruitful, and will multiply him exceedingly; twelve princes shall he beget,

and I will make him a great nation.–Gen 17:20

And as for Ishmael, I have heard thee: Behold, I have blessed him, and will make

him fruitful, and will multiply him exceedingly; twelve princes shall he beget,

and I will make him a great nation.–Gen 17:20

Muslim tradition holds that Hagar, the handmaiden of

Sarah, and Ishmael, the son she bore to Abraham, were

saved from the agony of thirst in their exile by the

waters of the well of Zamzam, which was opened

for them by the angel Gabriel. This well, which is still giving water, is outside

the Kaaba but within the confines of the Sacred Mosque. …

Muslim tradition holds that Hagar, the handmaiden of

Sarah, and Ishmael, the son she bore to Abraham, were

saved from the agony of thirst in their exile by the

waters of the well of Zamzam, which was opened

for them by the angel Gabriel. This well, which is still giving water, is outside

the Kaaba but within the confines of the Sacred Mosque. …

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GABRIEL PORTRAYED

Muslim tradition holds that Hagar, the handmaiden of

Sarah, and Ishmael, the son she bore to Abraham, were

saved from the agony of thirst in their exile by the

waters of the well of Zamzam, which was opened

for them by the angel Gabriel. This well, which is still giving water, is outside

the Kaaba but within the confines of the Sacred Mosque. …

Muslim tradition holds that Hagar, the handmaiden of

Sarah, and Ishmael, the son she bore to Abraham, were

saved from the agony of thirst in their exile by the

waters of the well of Zamzam, which was opened

for them by the angel Gabriel. This well, which is still giving water, is outside

the Kaaba but within the confines of the Sacred Mosque. …

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GABRIEL PORTRAYED

Muslim tradition holds that Hagar, the handmaiden of

Sarah, and Ishmael, the son she bore to Abraham, were

saved from the agony of thirst in their exile by the

waters of the well of Zamzam, which was opened

for them by the angel Gabriel. This well, which is still giving water, is outside

the Kaaba but within the confines of the Sacred Mosque. …

Muslim tradition holds that Hagar, the handmaiden of

Sarah, and Ishmael, the son she bore to Abraham, were

saved from the agony of thirst in their exile by the

waters of the well of Zamzam, which was opened

for them by the angel Gabriel. This well, which is still giving water, is outside

the Kaaba but within the confines of the Sacred Mosque. …

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GABRIEL PORTRAYED

It is customary for pilgrims to drink from the well and to carry bottles of its water home with

them. In Muslim tradition, Hagar and

Ishmael remained at the site, and the community of Mecca grew around

them.

-Lippman Islam A Way of Life, 24

It is customary for pilgrims to drink from the well and to carry bottles of its water home with

them. In Muslim tradition, Hagar and

Ishmael remained at the site, and the community of Mecca grew around

them.

-Lippman Islam A Way of Life, 24

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GABRIEL PORTRAYED

It is customary for pilgrims to drink from the well and to carry bottles of its water home with

them. In Muslim tradition, Hagar and

Ishmael remained at the site, and the community of Mecca grew around

them.

-Lippman Islam A Way of Life, 24

It is customary for pilgrims to drink from the well and to carry bottles of its water home with

them. In Muslim tradition, Hagar and

Ishmael remained at the site, and the community of Mecca grew around

them.

-Lippman Islam A Way of Life, 24

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GABRIEL PORTRAYED

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Pilgrimage:

The Hajj

Pilgrimage:

The Hajj

This major pilgrimage must be made in the Month of Pilgrimage (Dhu 'l-Hijja) the last month of the Muslim

lunar calendar, between the 8th day of the month

and the 12th or 13th.

This major pilgrimage must be made in the Month of Pilgrimage (Dhu 'l-Hijja) the last month of the Muslim

lunar calendar, between the 8th day of the month

and the 12th or 13th.

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This major pilgrimage must be made in the Month of Pilgrimage (Dhu 'l-Hijja) the last month of the Muslim

lunar calendar, between the 8th day of the month

and the 12th or 13th.

This major pilgrimage must be made in the Month of Pilgrimage (Dhu 'l-Hijja) the last month of the Muslim

lunar calendar, between the 8th day of the month

and the 12th or 13th.

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At times there are more than

one million souls

participating in the annual Hajj

At times there are more than

one million souls

participating in the annual Hajj

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At times there are more than

one million souls

participating in the annual Hajj

At times there are more than

one million souls

participating in the annual Hajj

The Hajj takes place entirely in Mecca and

the surrounding

area

The Hajj takes place entirely in Mecca and

the surrounding

area

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The Kaaba is a cube-shaped building about 5

stories high.

The Kaaba is a cube-shaped building about 5

stories high.

Kaaba

Mecca Mosque

Pilgrims start with 7 circumambulations of the

Kaaba, counter-clockwise.

Pilgrims start with 7 circumambulations of the

Kaaba, counter-clockwise.

1

Next they must run 7 times

between As-Safa and Al-Marwah.

Next they must run 7 times

between As-Safa and Al-Marwah.

Al-Marwah

As-Safa

2

2

3

3rd stage is to travel to Mina where they stay overnight.

3rd stage is to travel to Mina where they stay overnight.

Mina

4

4th Stage is on to the Plain of Arafat for all day prayer.

4th Stage is on to the Plain of Arafat for all day prayer.

Plain of Arafat

4th Stage is on to the Plain of Arafat for all day prayer.

4th Stage is on to the Plain of Arafat for all day prayer.

Plain of Arafat

Mt. Of Mercy

4

5

Muzdalifah

5th Stage – travel from the Plain of Arafat to

Muzdalifah to spend the night.

5th Stage – travel from the Plain of Arafat to

Muzdalifah to spend the night.

6

6th Stage – On to Mina to throw stones at the pillars

and sacrifice an animal.

6th Stage – On to Mina to throw stones at the pillars

and sacrifice an animal.

Mina

6th Stage – On to Mina to throw stones at the pillars and sacrifice an animal.

6th Stage – On to Mina to throw stones at the pillars and sacrifice an animal.

THREE PILLARS

6

Stoning the DevilStoning the Devil

7th Stage – Return to Mecca and complete 7

more circuits of the Kaaba.

7th Stage – Return to Mecca and complete 7

more circuits of the Kaaba.

7

Mecca Mosque

7

7th Stage – Return to Mecca and complete 7

more circuits of the Kaaba.

7th Stage – Return to Mecca and complete 7

more circuits of the Kaaba.

One who has completed the the Hajj

may thereafter

title himself “Haji”

One who has completed the the Hajj

may thereafter

title himself “Haji”

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One who has completed the the Hajj

may thereafter

title himself “Haji”

One who has completed the the Hajj

may thereafter

title himself “Haji”

Hajj, Part I

Hajj, Part II

The Five Pillars Are:The Five Pillars Are:

The Five Pillars Are:The Five Pillars Are:

1. DECLARATION OF FAITH (Shahada)

“There is no God but God and Muhammad is His

Prophet.”

1. DECLARATION OF FAITH (Shahada)

“There is no God but God and Muhammad is His

Prophet.”

DECLAR-ATION

The Five Pillars Are:The Five Pillars Are:

2. PRAYER

Salat is the name for the obligatory prayers which are performed five times a day: dawn, noon, mid-afternoon, sunset and nightfall.

2. PRAYER

Salat is the name for the obligatory prayers which are performed five times a day: dawn, noon, mid-afternoon, sunset and nightfall.

DECLAR-ATION

PRAYER

3. ALMS GIVING (Zakat)3. ALMS GIVING (Zakat)

Each year a Muslim calculates his or her own zakat individually. For most purposes this involves payment each year of two and a half percent of one's capital.

Each year a Muslim calculates his or her own zakat individually. For most purposes this involves payment each year of two and a half percent of one's capital.

The Five Pillars Are:The Five Pillars Are:

DECLAR-ATION

PRAYER ALMS

4. FASTING FOR ONE MONTH4. FASTING FOR ONE MONTH

Every year in the month of Ramadan, all Muslims fast from first light until sundown, abstaining from food, drink, and sexual relations. Those who are sick, elderly, or on a journey, and women who are pregnant or nursing are permitted to break the fast and make up an equal number of days later in the year.

Every year in the month of Ramadan, all Muslims fast from first light until sundown, abstaining from food, drink, and sexual relations. Those who are sick, elderly, or on a journey, and women who are pregnant or nursing are permitted to break the fast and make up an equal number of days later in the year.

The Five Pillars Are:The Five Pillars Are:

DECLAR-ATION

PRAYER ALMS FASTING

4. FASTING FOR ONE MONTH4. FASTING FOR ONE MONTH

Every year in the month of Ramadan, all Muslims fast from first light until sundown, abstaining from food, drink, and sexual relations. Those who are sick, elderly, or on a journey, and women who are pregnant or nursing are permitted to break the fast and make up an equal number of days later in the year.

Every year in the month of Ramadan, all Muslims fast from first light until sundown, abstaining from food, drink, and sexual relations. Those who are sick, elderly, or on a journey, and women who are pregnant or nursing are permitted to break the fast and make up an equal number of days later in the year.

The Five Pillars Are:The Five Pillars Are:

DECLAR-ATION

DECLAR-ATION

PRAYERPRAYER ALMSALMS FASTINGFASTING

The Five Pillars Are:The Five Pillars Are:

5. The Pilgrimage (Hajj)

The Hajj in the last month of the lunar calendar

5. The Pilgrimage (Hajj)

The Hajj in the last month of the lunar calendar

11 22 33 44 55

A 6th Pillar?A 6th Pillar?

6. JihadWarring against oneself or warring with

others?

6. JihadWarring against oneself or warring with

others?

Shi’ahs Believe in the 12 ImamsShi’ahs Believe in the 12 Imams

12 Imams

To the five pillars Shi’ahs add the belief in the 12 Imams.

12 Imams

To the five pillars Shi’ahs add the belief in the 12 Imams.

‘ALI‘ALI11

HUSAYNHUSAYN33

22 HASSANHASSAN

‘ALI‘ALI44

ABU-BAKRABU-BAKR55

66 JA’FAR-I-SADIQJA’FAR-I-SADIQ

77 MUSA KAZIMMUSA KAZIM

88 IMAM RIDAIMAM RIDA

99 MUHAMMAD TAQIMUHAMMAD TAQI

1010 ‘ALI-NAQI‘ALI-NAQI

1111 HASAN-I-ASKARI HASAN-I-ASKARI

1212 MUHAMMAD MUHAMMAD

END OF SECTION ON THE FIVE PILLARS

OF ISLAM

END OF SECTION ON THE FIVE PILLARS

OF ISLAM

This program was researched, designed and produced by

Dr. Duane K. Troxel of

www.digital-transformations.com

www.DuanesWorldTravel.com