The Eureka Earthquake of January 9, 2010,Recent Tsunamis, and Lessons for California

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September 29 M8.0, 7.9 Samoa April 4 M 7.2 Baja

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January 9 M 6.5 offshore Eureka February 27 M 8.8 Chile

Lori Dengler, Humboldt State UniversityPrevention First October 20, 2010

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A Quick Report Card

Earthquake-resistant design non-structural damage

What Californians do during the earthquake

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me™ and ampressorsee this picture.What Californians do during the earthquake

Tsunami education Educating transientsme™ and ampressorsee this picture.

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The new advisory Understanding what it meansQuickTimedecompr

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Beginning to think tsunami when the ground shakes

Getting in the car to evacuate

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me™ and ampressorsee this pictureGetting in the car to evacuate

Professional emergency response planning

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Some events will knock your best plans out me™ and ampressorsee this picture.

Earthquake resistant design

The earthquake gradeEarthquake-resistant design

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Concepción Santiago

Roads, bridges, lifelines me™ and ampressorsee this picture.

TabulTabulREGION VAuthorities shut down the Lo Gallardo bridge, The road F-98-G closed due to landslides Ruta H 40 road's Coinco bridge was shut down

SantiagoRuta H-40 road s Coinco bridge was shut down. Ruta H-634 road was shut down.REGION VIIRuta K-60 road closed due to collapsed bridges Escalones overpass collapsed…………. . Report March 2, 2010

Non-structural damage me™ and ampressorsee this picture.

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Chile Eureka

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Chile Calexico

Responding the wrong way while the ground is shaking me™ and a

mpressorsee this picture.

North Coast Response

What People Did PercentRun outside 10.6%QuickTime™ and a

North Coast Response

Walk outside 10.9%Drop, cover, hold-on 12.1%Move to doorway 24 6%

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Move to doorway 24.6%Stay in one spot 30.9%Took no action 10.9%

DROP, COVER, HOLD ON !!

Chris Durant, Times-Standard reporter runs out of his office on January 9, 2010

DROP, COVER, HOLD ON !!Register TODAY and participate tomorrow in the Great California ShakeOut shakeout.org

Tsunami Education QuickTimedecompr

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No education for transient populations me™ and ampressorsee this picture.

The New Advisory Alert Level QuickTime decompr

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St t i t d h b NStrong currents in ports and harbors. No flooding on land normally dry expected.

Samoa tsunami and the California coast:

LOTS of Confusion about what it means me™ and ampressorsee this picture.

Samoa tsunami and the California coast:

TSUNAMI INFORMATION STATEMENT NUMBER 1TSUNAMI INFORMATION STATEMENT NUMBER 1NWS WEST COAST/ALASKA TSUNAMI WARNING CENTER PALMER AK1104 AM PDT TUE SEP 29 2009

NO WARNING... NO WATCH AND NO ADVISORY IS IN EFFECT FORTHE STATES AND PROVINCES LISTED ABOVE.

EVALUATIONSEA LEVEL READINGS INDICATE A TSUNAMI WAS GENERATED WHICH MAY HAVE BEEN DESTRUCTIVE ALONG COASTS NEAR THE EARTHQUAKE EPICENTER.A DAMAGING TSUNAMI IS NOT EXPECTED ALONG THE CALIFORNIA/ OREGON/WASHINGTON/ BRITISH COLUMBIA AND ALASKA COASTSALTHOUGH SOME OF THESE AREAS MAY EXPERIENCE NONALTHOUGH SOME OF THESE AREAS MAY EXPERIENCE NON-DAMAGING SEA LEVEL CHANGES.

But then the analysis changes:

BULLETINTSUNAMI MESSAGE NUMBER 3

S S CO S / S S G CNWS WEST COAST/ALASKA TSUNAMI WARNING CENTER PALMER AK302 PM PDT TUE SEP 29 2009

A TSUNAMI ADVISORY IS IN EFFECT WHICH INCLUDES THE...A TSUNAMI ADVISORY IS IN EFFECT WHICH INCLUDES THECOASTAL AREAS OF CALIFORNIA AND OREGON FROM THECALIFORNIA-MEXICO BORDER TO THE OREGON-WASHINGTON

BORDERBORDER...

...THIS MESSAGE IS INFORMATION ONLY FOR COASTAL AREAS OFWASHINGTON - BRITISH COLUMBIA AND ALASKA FROM THEOREGON-WASHINGTON BORDER TO ATTU ALASKA...

Fi t ti th d i b ll ti i d b WCATWCFirst time the new advisory bulletin issued by WCATWC

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Similar story for Chile

…………But with greater impact

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Measuring currentsFairhaven Deployment 018, Bin 5

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06:00 12:00 18:00 00:00 06:00 12:00 18:00

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06:00 12:00 18:00 00:00 06:00 12:00 18:00

-1

Time, Feb. 27-28, 2010 (hr)

First Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler deployed to specifically study tsunamisyFairhaven dock, Humboldt Bay

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ADCP

North Spit tide gauge

Alert bulletins aren’t as uncommon as you may think.So you better learn to understand them and have a

l i l !Likely California Tsunami Alert Bulletins 1900 - 2009

assuming the current bulletin protocol

3

response plan in place!

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Date

11 t i i b ll ti 4 di t t 7 l l11 tsunami warning bulletins - 4 distant, 7 local100% of distant events (1946, 1953, 1960, 1964) caused damage0% of local events caused damage

10 tsunami advisory bulletins - 8 distant, 2 local3 distant events (1957, 2006, 2010) caused damage

13 tsunami watch bulletins - all distant

There is a 16% chance that a new dispatcher will receive an alert bulletin in their first 6 months on the job

Beginning to think tsunami when the ground shakes QuickTimedecompr

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Responding quickly to the Natural Warning saved lives in Samoap g q y g

Why You Shouldn’t WAIT for an Official Warning

EQ 17:48 UTC - 6:48 AM

216 cm amplitudeFirst wave at Pago Pago 18:02 UTC - 7:02 AM

An official siren system triggered by the PTWC warning

First tsunami bulletin issued by PTWC at 18:04 UTC - 7:04 AM

y gg y gwould not have saved anyone on September 29

Driving cars to evacuate caused problemsme™ and ampressorsee this picture.

Emergency training and response planning QuickTimedecompr

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Policeman in Iloca Director of Radio Bio Bio, Concepción

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Some events will knock your best plans out

Important Lessons: me™ and ampressorsee this picture.

Be able to improviseHold exercises where you cannot access technologytechnologyExpect to be on your own for days!!