Topic: Elements of Art

Teacher: Mr. ChambersGrade : 7Subject: Visual Arts

What are the Elements of Art?

•The Elements of Art are the components that guide Art creation visually. The elements of Art include: Line, Shape, Texture, Colour, Form and Space.

•A line is a path Created by a moving point in a particular space or area. Lines that are created by marking are one-dimensional (meaning flat) and vary in width, direction and length.

What is a line ?

Types of line

•Objective Line Design•This is an Art form that uses Lines to create artistic composition, with this type of design, the construction must have entities that can be identified.

•For example, a complex design filled with lines and an image of a plant, animal or object can be seen or singled out.

Video on Paper QuillingExamples

•Non-Objective Line Design

•This Art form uses Lines to create art work that are abstract in nature.

•Non-Objective artwork are nonrepresentational and does not depict a person, place or thing; known or exist in the natural world.

Video on Paper QuillingExamples

End of Lesson 1

Lines, Type of Lines, Objective and Non-Objective Line design

Shapes

•A shape can be define as an outward construction or outline of an object or organism. •Shapes are flat in nature and has a width and height.

What is a Shape ?

•Types of Shape

•Geometric Shape

•Organic Shape

•Geometric Shape are precise and mathematical in nature. Example of this include:• Circle•Triangle •Squares

Geometric Shape

Geometric Shape

•Organic shapes has irregular outlines for object or organisms. Organic shapes are free flowing in appearance and are normally found in nature.

Organic Shape

Organic Shape

Example of Shape Design

Geometric Shape Design

Organic Shape Design

Class workInstructions:

1. Create a design using only Geometric shapes

2. Your Art work must be objective.

Example of Geometric Shape Design

Class workInstructions:

1. Create a design using Organic shapes

2. There should be another organic shape design inside the first organic shape.

Draw your Organic Shape Design

Draw Organic Shapes inside the Design then colour it.

End of Lesson 2

Shapes, Type of Shapes, Geometric and Organic Shapes.

Colours

•Colour is the element of art that has many different pigment.

•Colour is produced when light, striking an object, is reflected back to the eye.

What is Colour ?

How are colours formed?

•Colours are formed when energies of light contain a large spectrum of pigment touches an area or an Object.

•When light touches an object, some of these energies are absorbed (taken in) by it, and others are reflected (cast back)

1. Tint : a tint is the mixture of a colour with white, which increases lightness.

(From darkness to lightness as white is added)

Terms for Colours

1. Shade : shade is the mixture of a colour with black, which reduces lightness.

3. Value: Value is The lightness or darkness of tones or colours. White is the lightest value; black is the darkest.

Class workTask 1:

1. Create a tonal value scale with 8 squares, demonstrating different shades

How it is doneStep 1: Use your ruler and measure 8 inches across your page.

How it is doneStep 2: Use your ruler and measure 4 inches on each sides downwards.

How it is doneStep 3: Use your ruler and measure 8 inches below and connect the lines.

How it is doneStep 3: Use your ruler and measure 7 points one inches apart. Then draw lines downwards to create 8 boxes.

Step 4: shade the created boxes with values raging from the darkest to the lightest.(Tint)

Task 2:1. Choose and draw an organic shape from nature and apply the principles to Tint. ( shade from the lightest to the darkest)

Home Work Find out what is the colour wheel and get

a coloured picture of it and paste it in your scrapbook.

Please take your paint set and at least two (2) blank sheets to the next class.

End of Lesson 3

Colour, Tones, Tints and Values

Colours

•Primary colour: These are pigments that exist by itself and can not be made by mixing other colours. The primary colours are:

Types of Colour

Red Blue Yellow

•Secondary colour: These are pigments that are formed by mixing two primary colours together. For example:

BlueYellow + = Green

Yellow + = Orange

Red + Blue = Purple

Red Orange

•Tertiary or Intermediate colours: These are pigments that are made by mixing one primary colour with one secondary colour

+ =GreenYellow Yellow Green

Red + = Red Orange

Blue + Green = Blue Green

RedOrange

Red

•A circle with different coloured sectors used to show the relationship between colours:

The Colour wheel

•These are Colours that are opposite to each other on the colour wheel are considered to be complementary colours .•The high contrast of complementary colours observed by the opposite positioning of the Primary colour as oppose to the Secondary colours. For example Yellow is a primary colour and it is the opposite to purple, a secondary colour.

Complementary colours

•1.Red is the complementary colour for Green.

•2. Blue is the complementary colour for Orange.

•3.Yellow is the complementary colour Purple.

The complementary colours are:

•Analogous colours are colours that are next to each other on the colour wheel. They usually match well and create a comfortable designs. •Analogous colour schemes are often found in nature and are harmonious and pleasing to the eye. For example, a series of blue blended with tones of green and yellow green.

Analogous colours

•1. Red, Red Orange, Orange, and yellow orange.

•2.Yellow, Yellow Green, Green and blue Green.

•3. Red Violet, Purple, Blue Violet and Blue.

Analogous colours

•Monochromatic colours are all the colours (tints, tones, and shades) of a single hue. Monochromatic colour schemes are derived from a single base Colour and extended using its shades, tones and tints.

Monochromatic colours

Create a picture and Write your name in bold then use a monochromatic Colour scheme to complete the work.

Class work (task 2)

Class workTask 1:

1. Create a colour Mixed Image.

How it is doneStep 1: Use your blank sheet of paper.

Step 3: Apply the primary colours with paint on both sides of the paper.

Step 2: Fold the paper in two (Equal halves).

How it is doneStep 4: Fold the paper again and allow the colours to mix by merging.

Step 6: After the paint has dried slightly, open the folded paper.

Step 5: Allow the paint and paper to dry for a few minutes.

How it is doneStep 7: Then allow the paper to dry completely.

Step 9: Cut your design out and then place it in your scrapbook.

Step 8: Draw a design or a shape of an object on the newly coloured paper.

End of Lesson 4

Types of colours: Primary, Secondary, Tertiary colours, The Colour Wheel and Complimentary, Analogous and Monochromatic colours .

Warm and cool Colours

Warm colours are pigments that are bright in nature and is generally a reminder of heat, Sunlight or something that is warm or extremely hot. The colours that normally used are:

Warm Colours

Red orange Yellow

Artist uses warm colours to evoke different moods, such as anger or to show a sense of pain. Warm colours may be use by itself as one colour or with a combination of all.

Artist also use warm colours in a symbolic way, for example, the colour yellow use to represent Hope, Warmth or the friendly deeds of people or someone having a good day.

Example of warm colours

• Example

Cool colours are pigments that or darker and subtle in nature. They give the impression of something cool and calm. They may evoke a sense of relaxing or evoke the mood of sadness, loneliness or depression. Colours are :

Cool Colours

blue Purple Green

Example of cool colours

Class work1). Create two pictures, one using all the

warm colours and the other using all the cool colours.

2). Ensure that the drawing is complete by painting or crayoning.

3). You must state what kind of mood it evokes.

End of Lesson 5

Warm and Cool Colours: The effects that it implies.

Form

•Form is one of the seven elements of Art. •Form is a three-dimensional •( 3 D) item or figure. That means the item or figures has more than two sides and can be examined all the way around.

What is Form?

Artist normally create form by

editing a shape. This is done when a

variation of tones or various sides is

added to a particular item in order

to give the illusion of a third-

dimension.

Forms are place in two categories

Geometric forms which include

mathematical related objects like cubes,

cones and cylinders.

Then there is Organic forms, which are free

flowing and in most cases comes from

nature.

Examples of Geometric Forms

Picture 1 is a Shape but Picture 2 is a form

Square Cube

Sphere

Picture 1 is a Shape but Picture 2 is a form

Circle Sphere

Picture 1 is a Shape but Picture 2 is a form

Triangle Cone

Picture 1 is a Shape but Picture 2 is a form

Rectangle Cylinder

Organic forms: These are three

dimensional objects that are free from

mathematical laws and are irregular and

unpredictable in nature.

Organic forms can be created by man in the

form of objects are illustrations. Organic

forms they also exist in nature naturally, for

example Sea shell or Stone.

Examples of Organic Forms From nature

Rocks Sea shells

Examples of man made Organic Forms

Forms can exist in real life and can be illustrated by man. This is done when various tones or various dimension, is added to a drawn shape or design.

Activity 1 : answer these questions

1. What is form?

2. What are the two types of form?

3. Give two examples of organic form

Activity 2 : You will be drawing two big pictures and illustrate them as Organic forms.

Use your pencil and draw any one of the picture that the teacher will instruct you to draw.

Ensure that you use 4 different tones to your picture. From the lightest to the darkest

ExampleOrganic form of a rose.

Picture that should be drawn : Label :Organic form of an animal

Activity 3 : Use a Organic form from nature and then create a picture from it. You must label the picture that you have used and the deign that you have made.

The organic Shape is a sea shell and the design is a dragon head.

Activity 4 :use the geometric Shapes to make a picture and label it as Picture made by Geometric forms.

End of Lesson 6

Organic and Geometric Forms.

Texture

Texture•Texture is an element of Art that refers to the way things feel, or lookas if they might feel if touched.

Texture generally refer to the way

something feels or give the impression

of how something would feel.

Type of Texture

1. Tactile or Actual Texture

2. Visual or Simulated Texture

(A)Tactile or Actual Texture Tactile texture is the actual quality of a surface, such as how rough, smooth, sticky, fuzzy, or soft an area is. Tactile texture is one you can actually feel with your hand, such as a piece of sandpaper, a wet glass, tree bark or animal fur.

Example Tactile or Actual Texture How do you think these would feel if you should touch?

(B)Visual or Simulated Texture

Simulated texture is the illusion of an actual object or figure that has a unique texture.This type of texture is created by artist to appear like the real thing or give an impression, as if what is shown could be rough or smooth.

Example Visual or Simulated Texture Which is simulated and how does it

look or seem like it would feel?

Actual or Tactile Texture Art work

Actual or Tactile Texture Art work

Simulated or Visual texture Art work

Simulated or Visual texture Art work

Class workCreate 3 Simulated texture art, by drawing the following.

1.A bird for a feathery Texture2. A reptile for a rough Texture3.Cat for a furry Texture

Picture of a Bird with a feathery Simulated texture

Picture of a Reptile with a rough Simulated texture

Picture of a cat with a furry Simulated texture

Space

SpaceSpace in Art is any area that is occupied or surrounding areas that is empty. Space is one of the seven elements of art that artist used to show depth and distance and it can be occupied or empty.

Types of space Negative and Positive space

Negative SpaceNegative space is the area that surrounds an object in a image. Negative space is the area that is not occupied by any unit and therefore is the empty field that surrounds a particular object or unit.

Example of Negative Space: A blank

page that will be used for an Art work.

Positive SpacePositive space is the field or area that is occupied by an object or unit. In other words any illustration or item that fill the gap of an empty space, is known as positive space .

The black outline or design of the wolf is occupying

some of the negative space on the white area. The

black outline is therefore positive .

Do you see the vase or the two heads?

The letter U and A or positive but the negative white space that surrounds the letters also form an S in the center of the two letters.

Class WorkDesign 2 negative and positive Artwork in the form of a silhouette. Switch the order of the colour that represent positive space.

The design that is occupying the negative space should be jet black. The usage of black markers or jell ink pen is recommended.

Example of Class Work (positive space has a black outline)

Example of Class Work (positive space has a white outline)

1. What is line?2. List 4 types of lines3. What is the difference between organic and geometric

shape?4. Define the term form and give one example of Organic

form and one example of Geometric form.5. Give a definition for texture and explain what is Visual

texture and what is Actual texture.6. What is Colour and explain what is Primary colours,

Secondary colours?7. Explain what is the difference between positive and

negative space.

Revision questions

The End