The challenge of global environmental monitoring

Gilberto Câmara, Director General National Institute for Space Research (INPE)Brazil

China Brasil High Level Dialogue ST, 2011

We need cooperation at a global level…

By the year 2050...9 billion people: 6 billion tons

of GHG and 60 million tons of urban pollutants.

Resource-hungry: We will withdraw 30% of available fresh water.

Risky living: 80% urban areas, 25% near earthquake faults, 2% in coast lines less than 1 m above sea level.

source: Guy Brasseur

The food challenge

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20

40

60

1961

1964

1967

1970

1973

1976

1979

1982

1985

1988

1991

1994

1997

2000

Meat

co

nsu

mp

tio

n [

kg

/cap

/yr]

Developing countries

China

World

Changes in dietary patterns: Meat consumption

FAOSTAT 2007

The food challenge: technology gaps

Productivity and prices: the challenge

source: The Economist

Forests and food production: potential conflicts

Best environmental monitoring

46% of energy is renewable

Brazil: a natural knowledge economyBest technology in biofuels

World leader in tropical agriculture

Nature, 29 July 2010

Agriculture

Energy

Ecosystems

Climate change

Weather and natural disasters

Space technology adds value to Brazil´s natural knowledge economy

Megacities

Monitoring Deforestation in Amazonia CBERS image

Science (27 April 2007): “Brazil´s monitoring system is the envy of the world”.

DeforestationDegradation

Governance + markets + technology >> REDD+

Reducing deforestation in Amazonia

Sugarcane crop mapping

Detailed estimates of sugarcane crop areas

14

Are biofuels replacing food production in Brazil?

source: INPE

Sugarcane expansion

24% 26%30%

37% 41% 38%

26%

12%1% 1%

3% 3%3%

3%

7%17%

48%85%

98% 98%

1% 1%1%

1%

1%

1%

71% 70%65%

59%51%

44%

26%

3%1%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Área Agrícola Cana-de-açúcar Citrus Pastagem Vegetação Arbórea

Data is coming... are we ready?

Sentinel-2A

2012

Amazônia-1

2013

2014

2015

2011

Landsat-8

CBERS-3

ResourceSat-2 ResourceSat-3

Sentinel-2B

CBERS-4

CBERS as a global satellite

CBERS ground stations will cover most of the Earth’s land mass between 300N and 300S

Cuiabá

Boa Vista

ChetumalMaspalomas Aswa

n

Jo´burg

MalindiGabon

UrumchiMiyun

Ghuangzhou

Darwin

Alice Springs

Bangcoc

The future of CBERS

CBERS satellites will provide information about global land change on the tropics