Transcript of The American Revolution. Class Objectives Compare the advantages and disadvantages of the...
- Slide 1
- The American Revolution
- Slide 2
- Class Objectives Compare the advantages and disadvantages of
the Continental Army and the British Army. Compare the advantages
and disadvantages of the Continental Army and the British Army.
Compare the 3 different sides during the Revolution and the aspects
of each Compare the 3 different sides during the Revolution and the
aspects of each Define the major battles including the turning
point and final battle of the war. Define the major battles
including the turning point and final battle of the war. Explain
the major events that ended the Revolution. Explain the major
events that ended the Revolution.
- Slide 3
- British Advantages in the War 1.Well-trained army and biggest
navy in the world. 2.Strong government with lots of $$$ 3.Support
of Loyalists and Native Americans
- Slide 4
- British Disadvantages 1.Far from home had to get men and
supplies across an ocean 2.Troops unfamiliar with the land 3.Weak
military leaders and old style of fighting 4.Lack of support in
Britain for a long, expensive war
- Slide 5
- American Advantages American Advantages 1.Home-field advantage
familiar with the land 2.Strong leader in George Washington
3.Guerilla warfare tactics 4.Inspired by the fight for independence
5.Help from France and other European nations
- Slide 6
- American Disadvantages 1.Untrained soldiers, fewer people
2.Shortage of food, money, ammunition and supplies 3.Small, weak
navy 4.No central government to enforce wartime policies
- Slide 7
- What do you think? Based on their advantages and disadvantages,
which side do YOU think should win, and why? Based on their
advantages and disadvantages, which side do YOU think should win,
and why? Write a clear thesis statement to answer this question.
(One sentence!) Write a clear thesis statement to answer this
question. (One sentence!)
- Slide 8
- Loyalists vs. Patriots Loyalists (Tories) Loyalists (Tories)
American Colonists who remained loyal to the British during the
war. OK for Britain to tax the colonies due to the protection they
received during the French and Indian War. Felt strong social and
economic ties to Britain and believed the British would win the
war. About a third of the colonists remained loyalists throughout
the war.
- Slide 9
- Loyalists vs. Patriots Patriots Patriots Desired complete and
total independence from Britain Motto based from the quote of
Patrick Henry Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death Inspired by Common
Sense by Thomas Paine Made up the troops in Washingtons Continental
Army and third of the colonial population.
- Slide 10
- Neutrals Neutrals Were undecided on the war. Many disagreed
with British policies but did not want to declare independence Made
up a third of the population.
- Slide 11
- Activity Read each colonist profile. With your group, decide
whether you think that colonist would be a Loyalist, a Patriot, or
Neutral. Explain your reasoning. Read each colonist profile. With
your group, decide whether you think that colonist would be a
Loyalist, a Patriot, or Neutral. Explain your reasoning.
- Slide 12
- George Washington Kept his army intact during the war and never
allowed a major loss at the hands of the British. He was good at
retreating. Kept his army intact during the war and never allowed a
major loss at the hands of the British. He was good at retreating.
Secured major victories at Trenton, Monmouth and later Yorktown.
Secured major victories at Trenton, Monmouth and later Yorktown.
Wintered his army at Valley Forge, providing time for the Americans
to regroup and train. Wintered his army at Valley Forge, providing
time for the Americans to regroup and train. His leadership was one
of the main reasons why the Americans won the war. His leadership
was one of the main reasons why the Americans won the war.
- Slide 13
- Ben Franklin Ben Franklin (in addition to the his efforts in
the Continental Congress) made numerous trips to Europe to gain
support for the American cause from France and other nations.Ben
Franklin (in addition to the his efforts in the Continental
Congress) made numerous trips to Europe to gain support for the
American cause from France and other nations. Arranged the Treaty
of Alliance with France!Arranged the Treaty of Alliance with
France!
- Slide 14
- First Shots at Lexington and Concord: First Skirmish of the War
In 1775, British troops march to Concord to seize a stockpile of
weapons and arrest John Adams and John Hancock. Paul Revere rode
quickly from Boston to alert the two men and to warn the
Massachusetts militia men in Lexington and Concord to be ready for
the British. American minute-men intercepted British forces at both
Lexington and Concord and fire the first shots of the Revolutionary
War. The British retreat to Boston.
- Slide 15
- Battle of Bunker Hill (1775) After Lexington and Concord, the
British Army was pinned down by Boston Harbor by the Continentals
Britains General Gage decided to attack militiamen at Breeds Hill
(Bunker Hill) who had dug in north of Boston. The British advanced
uphill several times in straight lines to attack the militiamen.
This frontal assault cost the British over 1000 troops. The
colonists won the battle, losing only 450 (even though they lost
the hill).
- Slide 16
- The Second Continental Congress Actions of the 2 nd Continental
Congress, Philadelphia 1775: 1.Sent the King George III The Olive
Branch Petition -- a letter asking for peace 2.Named George
Washington Commander of the Continental Army 3. Drafted and signed
the Declaration of Independence on July 4th, 1776. (Thomas
Jefferson)
- Slide 17
- Battle of New York (1776) Who Fought: Continental Army vs.
British Regulars Leaders Present: General George Washington and
General William Howe Significance: The British routed the Americans
in Long Island. Washington's army dropped to only 8,000 men
- Slide 18
- Battle of Trenton (1776) Who Fought: Continental Army vs.
German Hessians Leaders Present: George Washington Significance:
With Washingtons army in disarray, papers about to expire, he
needed a major victory. On Christmas Eve Washington attacked
Hessians in Trenton for a major victory.
- Slide 19
- Battle of Saratoga (1777) Who Fought British Regulars, Mohawk
Indians, Continental Army, Green Mountain Boys Significance
Generally regarded as a turning point in the war. This victory
convinced France to enter the war as an American ally. France
formally recognized the United States of America as a country.
- Slide 20
- The End of the Revolution After over three more years of
fighting, and with French assistance, Washington and the
Continental Army are able to trap General Cornwallis at Yorktown in
1781. After over three more years of fighting, and with French
assistance, Washington and the Continental Army are able to trap
General Cornwallis at Yorktown in 1781. After a month siege, the
British army surrendered. After a month siege, the British army
surrendered. The Treaty of Paris 1783 officially ended the war and
gave America its independence (2 years later!) The Treaty of Paris
1783 officially ended the war and gave America its independence (2
years later!)
- Slide 21
- Next Class Thursday: TEST on Unit 2! Thursday: TEST on Unit 2!
We will have time for a review. Come prepared with your study guide
and questions. We will have time for a review. Come prepared with
your study guide and questions.