6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 0

THE A10-TAUERN TUNNEL VENTILATION SYSTEM FROM A CONTRACTOR’S PERSPECTIVE.

(Experiences and lessons learned)

Van Vemden F, Hofstede W.Zitron Nederland B.V.

6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 1

Contents

1. Introduction2. Design review of the ventilation system3. Room- and installation limitations4. Acceptance tests 5. Cross passage ventilation6. Fan stall prevention7. Contractual aspects8. Local participation9. Conclusions and recommendations

6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 2

Parties involved

Customer:

ASFINAG Bau Management GmbHVentilation system design:FVT - Forschungsgesellschaft fürVerbrennungskraftmaschinen undThermodynamik m.b.H. Site supervision (Örtliche Bauaufsicht, ÖBA):IDS Beratende Ingenieure GmbH Contract supervision (Begleitende Kontrolle BK):Hopferwieser Consult Ziviltechniker GmbHVentilation System review:ILF Beratende Ingenieure m.b.H.

6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 3

Ventilation system

South Portal North PortalCavern

AS01 ZS01 AS02 AS03 AS04ZS01 ZS03 ZS04

Fresh air impulse damper

Fire damper

Fresh air throttle opening

Vertical duct damper

Switch over damper

TitleQ

m3/s∆P Pa

Pmot. KW

AS01 165 3100 700

AS02 160 2825 700

AS03 160 2825 700

AS04 160 3250 700

ZS01 150 1625 350

ZS02 130 1875 350

ZS03 130 1875 350

ZS04 150 1625 350

6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 4

Design review

Elements for discussion:

1. Installation of additional Fresh air impulse damper

2. Ventilation - and design concept in case of fire

3. Cross passage ventilation

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Fresh air impulse ventilation

Percentile value

NP – SP SP – NP Shaft-Draught Up

Shaft-Draught Down

Pa Pa Pa Pa95- PercentileZAMG

236 182 553 133

Design(Planer)

165 165 1000 300

Processing of the Pressure differences at the portals

Processing of the Shaft Natural Draught

236 – 165 = 71 Pa x 48 (Traffic Area) = 3400 N Thrust (120 kW Jet fan Power)

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Room- and installation limitations

Wire meshExhaust

2140

x214

0

2140

x 2

140

ø252

2

6000

ø252

2

Exhaust

25702000450

3000

x300

0

9000

Wire mesh

3540 (FMU)

AS-01

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Room- and installation limitations

Wire meshExhaust

2140

x214

0

2140

x 2

140

ø252

2

6000

CFD calculations to optimize inlet and outlet shape (ILF)

AS-01

6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 8

Room- and installation limitations

Tauern Exhaust Fan AS01 (Impellerdiameter 2510 mm.) Optimum Duct lay-out

ComponentVolume

m3/sDuct m2.

v m/s

P-dyn. Pa

ζ [ - ]

∆P Pa

Duct m2.

v m/s

P-dyn. Pa

ζ [ - ]

∆P Pa

Inlet part:Screen 160 4,84 33,06 639,30 0,10 63,93 9,00 17,78 184,89 0,10 18,49Inlet piece 160 4,84 33,06 639,30 0,05 31,97 9,00 17,78 184,89 0,09 16,64

Discharge duct / Diffuser:Inlet 160 3,38 47,36 1312,22 3,38 47,36 1312,22Outlet 160 3,27 48,89 1398,25 4,61 34,67 703,26Efficiency / factor 160 0,15 12,90 0,15 91,34

Impuls losses 3>4With innerpipe 160 3,71 43,13 1088,28 5,05 31,67 586,87Without innerpipe 160 4,84 33,06 639,30 60,89 6,18 25,88 391,87 20,13

Fan isolation dampe 160 3,71 43,13 1088,28 0,25 272,07 9,00 17,78 184,89 0,25 46,22Total Fan pressure losses 441,76 192,82In- and outlet concrete duct losses (based on assumption of 1,5 x dynamic loss) 958,95 277,33Total losses 1400,71 470,15Fan Power at 85% efficiency 263,66 88,50

600021

40x2

140

2140

x 2

140

ø252

2

3540 (FMU)25702000450

3000

x300

0

9000

ø252

2

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Room- and installation limitations

CAVERN DIRECTION SALZBURG

6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 10

Room- and installation limitations

CAVERN DIRECTION VILLACH

6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 11

Room- and installation limitations

Cooling air ducts

Tunnel Tube Sbg.

Hydraulic & air measurement piping

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Acceptance tests

1. Leakage test

2. Flow measurements at different fire scenarios

3. Fire test

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Acceptance tests

LEAKAGE TESTFAN M1 M2

V1 V2

Leakage Duct (v-duct) = v1 - v2

FAN M1 M2

V1 V2

Leakage Fire Dampers = v1 - v2 - v.duct

Damper in open positionM1 = Measuring section 1 >> V1 = Air flow M1 [m³/s]

Damper in closed position with foil closure M2 = Measuring section 2 >> V2 = Air flow M2 [m³/s]

Damper in closed position without foil closure

6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 14

Acceptance tests

CAVERN FIRE TEST SOUTH PORTAL

AL ZL

Ventilation section 3 Ventilation section 4

A Duct damper, closed position Wall

ANatural draught

View A-A

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Acceptance tests

Fire testTunnel tube Sbg.: Block 142 & 354

Tunnel Tube Vil.: Block 150 & 408

Das Bild kann zurzeit nicht angezeigt werden.

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Cross passage ventilation

Design Options 1. Speed control with pressure sensor and door switches (Tauern)2. Overpressure damper3. Overpressure opening or fire damper

6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 17

Cross passage ventilation

Design data

1. Overpressure in the cross passage with both escape-doors closed: 50 Pa.

2. In case of one escape-door open (ca. 2 m2 open

area) Airflow 5 m3/s (velocity 2,5 m/s.)

Cross PassageCross passage fan in operation

Air supply

Escape route

Escape door

RFB Salzburg RFB Villach

AL ALZL ZL

Das Bild kann zurzeit nicht angezeigt werden.

6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 18

Cross passage ventilation

Speed control of the fan(s) Pressure sensor and Door switchesAdvantage:- No overpressure damperDisadvantages- Accelerating and decelerating fans takes time- Control system necessary

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Cross passage ventilation

System with overpressure damper

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Cross passage ventilation

System with overpressure damper

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Cross passage ventilation

System with overpressure damper

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Cross passage ventilation

System with overpressure damper

6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 23

Cross passage ventilation

System with overpressure damper

6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 24

Cross passage ventilation

System with pressure relief opening or fire damper

6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 25

Cross passage ventilation

System with pressure relief opening or fire damper

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Cross passage ventilation

System with small (0,5 m2) overpressure damper and slide doors (Pmax=120 Pa)

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Fan stall prevention

6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 28

Fan stall prevention

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Commercial aspects

Price escalation (ÖNORM B2111)

Indices Split-upLabour: Baukostenindex Baunebengewerbe

Lüftung und Klima 100%

Product:Labour: Baukostenindex für Lüftung und Klima 60%Material: Großhandelspreisindex „51.52.21

Eisen und Stahl“ 40%

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Commercial aspects

Entwicklung Großhandelspreisindex 51.52.21 Eisen und Stahl

‐20.0040.0060.0080.00

100.00120.00140.00160.00180.00200.00

Jun‐08Jul

‐08Au

g‐08

Sep‐0

8Oc

t‐08

Nov‐0

8De

c‐08

Jan‐09

Feb‐0

9Ma

r‐09

Apr‐0

9Ma

y‐09

Jun‐09Jul

‐09Au

g‐09

Sep‐0

9

Monat

Großh

ande

lspreisind

ex

51.52.21 Eisen und Stahl

Sonstiges

Lohn

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Commercial aspects

Example:

Price basis 0-date

June 2008 Due date

Sept. 2009Labour: 127,78 132,69Others:Labour: 130,02 138,5Material: 174,6 94,2

Price Split-up %

Po without esc. %

Lo / Mo Ldd / Mdd Price factor Pdd with esc. %

labour 20 20 127.78 132.69 1.04 20.77Product: 80Product split-upLabour 48 48 130.02 138.50 1.07 51.13Material 32 32 174.60 94.20 0.54 17.26

100 89.16

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Local Participation

1. Facilitating and assisting in local assembly.

2. Supply of steel construction work.

3. Education of local employees / staff.

4. Local handling of service- and maintenance work.

5. A quick response time in case of failure or damage.

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Local Participation

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Conclusions, Recommendations

1. Design reviewThe design review has to take place immediately after contract award to cover for possible consequences in time.

2. Fan room and –duct dimensionsAllowing for sufficient space for fans and ventilation components will reduce capital cost and energy consumption.

3. Acceptance testsCarrying out site tests is not only required to prove system performance but can also reveal further optimisation possibilities.

4. Cross passage ventilationMore attention should be given to the response time for pressurizing cross passages and the control thereof.

5. Price escalationCustomers may, in co-operation with contractors, allow for limits in price variation to limit overall economic risk for longer term contracts.

6. Local ParticipationLocal participation contributes to local interest and substantial reduction of cost for travelling and lodging.