Post on 30-Aug-2018
The 20th century was the century of physics, the 21st century will be the century of biology(R. Williams, science journalist)
THE BIOTECHNOLOGY STREAM
Dr. Michael K DanquahChemical Eng. Department Building 36, Room 213Phone: 99053437
Introduction to Subject - Definitions
Biotechnology: Biotechnology is the use of biology in industrial processes (e.g. drug development, energy, agriculture, and food / brewing). The term also refers to the production of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and the manufacture of products from them. Much of the newer activity in biotechnology involves directly modifying the genetic material of living things.
Bioprocess engineering:A branch of chemical engineering that mainly deals with the design and construction of unit processes that involve biological organisms or biomolecules. Its applications are used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, biotechnology, energy, food / beverage industries, and waste treatment.
Biotechnology Industry Products: ExamplesBiotechnology Industry Products: Examples
1. Biomolecules (or biological molecules or biologicals or biopharmaceuticals)
2. Biomedical devices
- Imaging (x-ray, ultrasound etc)
- Detection devices (imprinted polymers)
- Health devices (braces, scaffolds etc)
3. Cells / tissue mass and general bioproducts
4. Biofuels: bio-diesel, bio-ethanol, bio-hydrogen etc
Future Bioprocessing IndustryFuture Bioprocessing Industry
Food and Beverage
Penicillin
Amino acids
Selling price $ / kg 1010
Difficulty to produce
100
Therapeutic proteinsDNA / RNA
Vaccines
Gold
Monoclonal Antibodies (Insulin)
Enzymes
(Cancer prevention / treatment & immunologic diseases)
Future for biotechnology is bright !
Future for biotechnology is bright !
Companies are desperate to develop new biotechnology processes.
Companies are desperate to develop new biotechnology processes.
Market prices at 14th July 2008:
1.0 g pure plasmid DNA = $AUS 0.895 mil (www.geneart.com)
1.0 g gold = $AUS 35.07 (www.goldprice.org)
25 520 times more valuable than gold.
Conversion of scientific knowledge into tangible productsConversion of scientific knowledge into tangible products
Development of novel scalable process schemes for bioproducts development
Development of novel scalable process schemes for bioproducts development
Biotechnology streamBiotechnology stream
Option Stream Units:
1 – CHE 3171 (Bioprocess Technology)
2 – BCH 2011 (Structure and Functions of Cellular Molecules)
3 – CHE 4171 (Biochemical Engineering)
1. Selection:-Cell and vector- Media formulation- Pretreatment
1. Selection:-Cell and vector- Media formulation- Pretreatment
2. Conversion-Bioreactors/fermentors:
Small -> pilot -> industrial scale
2. Conversion-Bioreactors/fermentors:
Small -> pilot -> industrial scale
3. Initial Separation- Cell harvest-Cell disruption-Filtration
3. Initial Separation- Cell harvest-Cell disruption-Filtration
4. Product purification-Chromatography- Polishing
Most expensive step: 50–80% of cost.
4. Product purification-Chromatography- Polishing
Most expensive step: 50–80% of cost.
FormulationValidation (QC/QA)
Packaging Marketing
FormulationValidation (QC/QA)
Packaging Marketing
Bioprocess Flow Diagram
Bioprocess Flow Diagram
Upstream
Upstream
DownstreamDownstream
Midstream
Midstream
Different Bioproducts
Biofuel
Questions???