Transcript of TH3.L10.4 - SOIL MOISTURE ACTIVE PASSIVE (SMAP) CALIBRATION AND VALIDATION PLAN AND CURRENT...
- 1. Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) Calibration and
Validation Plan and Current Activities T. J. Jackson, M. Cosh, R.
Bindlish, W. Crow, USDA ARS HRSL A. Colliander, E. Njoku, K.
McDonald; NASA JPL J. S. Kimball; University of Montana S. Belair;
Environment Canada J. Walker, R. Panciera; University of Melbourne
P. O'Neill; NASA GSFC July 29, 2010
- 2. Outline General aspects of the SMAP Cal/Val Plan Objectives
Timeline Pre-launch vs. post-launch validation activities
Ground-based (In Situ) validation Core Validation Sites Field
experiments CanEx SM 2010
- 3. SMAP Cal/Val Objective Approach A Cal/Val Plan is a SMAP
mission requirement. Objective: calibrate and validate Level 1
through Level 4 algorithms and products relative to the mission
requirements. Mission requirements include quantitative
specifications of accuracy associated with each mission product
Example: Provide estimates of the 0-5 cm soil moisture with an
accuracy of 0.04 m3/m3 at a resolution of 10 km.
- 4. SMAP Cal/Val Timeline L1C_TB Must reach a conclusion by this
point. Current plans are for SMAP to complete an In-Orbit Checkout
(IOC) period within 60 days after launchbeing ready and Demands
Following the IOC period, the SMAP Project will complete an timely
delivery of validation data. initial Cal/Val of the data products
(6 months for Level 1 products and 12 months for Levels 2, 3, and
4). Cal/Val will continue throughout the mission to monitor
performance and assist in the improvement of algorithms. Level
2/3/4 2/3/4 2/3/4
- 5. SMAP Cal/Val: Pre-launch vs. Post-launch Approach On-ground
Ancillary data, SDS calibration data, in-orbit calibration masks,
external model outputs, Pre-launch Cal/Val is focused on data, etc,
etc. L1 L3,L4 validating that there are means in place Instru
Geophys. Instrument ment counts calibration TB, 0 param. retrieval
SM (sf+rz), F/T, NEE to fulfill the mission objectives. In
particular ATBD identified activities that will Pre-launch Cal/Val
Activities improve algorithms and products. Establish
infrastructure necessary for SDS On-ground Ancillary data,
post-launch Cal/Val. calibration data, masks, external in-orbit
calibration model outputs, data, etc, etc. Post-launch Cal/Val is
focused on Instru ment Instrument calibration L1 Geophys. param.
L3,L4 SM (sf+rz), validating that the science products counts TB, 0
retrieval F/T, NEE meet their quantified requirements, and Feedback
Feedback on improving the algorithms and Post-launch Cal/Val
Activities quality of products over the mission life. (schematic
diagram of data processing flow; SDS = Science Data System)
- 6. SMAP Cal/Val: Post-launch Resources Approach Ground-based
(in situ, tower, and aircraft) Products from other satellites Model
products
- 7. SMAP Cal/Val: Pre-launch Approach ATBD identified activities
Algorithm testbed that will improve Satellite products algorithms
and products AMSR-E, SMOS, Aquarius Field campaigns Past SGP, SMEX.
SMAPVEX08 Bindlish, Misra Ongoing Canadian campaign (CanEx)
Australia campaign (SMAPEx) Walker San Joaquin Valley experiment
Future Establish infrastructure In situ sensor testbed Cosh
necessary for post-launch Scaling methodologies Cal/Val Tower and
aircraft SMAP simulators Core validation sites/collaboration
- 8. SMAP Ground-Based Validation SMAP will rely on in situ
observations as one of the tools used to validate the L2, L3, and
L4 products. The logistics and costs require that we exploit
partnerships to the maximum extent. These must be ready to go
before launch. What infrastructure do we need to establish
now?
- 9. SMAP Ground-Based Validation Existing networks are a key
resource/partner in SMAP validation (No cost, mostly real time, and
public domain). These are typically sparsescaling is the key issue.
Standards and compatibility are also concerns. Dense networks with
nested scales are needed: Core Validation Sites (CVS). Some exist
but more are needed. These should meet some criteria that will
facilitate SMAP product validation. Some form of agreement
establishing collaboration with the SMAP project.
- 10. SMAP Cal/Val SM Core Validation Sites Basic science
requirements (suggestions!) Represent the 10 km product area Also
consider providing 40 km and 3 km scales Provide the equivalent of
volumetric soil moisture obtained using the gravimetric method
(Calibrated) Establish that it provides a measure of the 0-5 cm
layer Also consider providing the 0-100 cm layer Multiple sampling
locations within the site that can be used to accurately estimate
the product grid average Statistical confidence must be established
Supporting meteorological instrumentation Supporting ancillary data
sets such as soils, land use, and vegetation biomass
- 11. Example of a SMAP Soil Moisture Core Validation Site (J.
Walker Univ. Monash) Augmenting an existing radiometer scale
network to support SMAP SMAP Radiometer Pixel 34x38km SMAP Radar
pixels ~ 3x3km SMAP joint radiometer/radar soil moisture 9x9km
Existing stations New stations
- 12. SMAP Cal/Val SM Core Validation Sites Logistical
requirements Near real time availability of data Site is accessible
to researchers Existing site facilities Heritage of scientific
studies to build from Long term commitment by the sponsor/host
Agreement with SMAP project Setting up a process now.
- 13. SMAP Cal/Val SM Core Validation Sites SMAP project
priorities An area that is homogeneous or has a uniform mixture of
land covers at the product scale Represents an extensive or
important biome Complement the overall set of sites Operational by
2012
- 14. SMAP Cal/Val SM Core Validation Sites Next Steps Survey
candidate sites. Evaluate the effectiveness of the ongoing SMOS
validation program. Decide on appropriate mechanism for
collaboration. Workshop
- 15. SMAP Cal/Val: Pre-launch Approach ATBD identified
activities Satellite Products that will improve AMSR-E, SMOS,
Aquarius algorithms and products Field Campaigns Past SGP, SMEX.
SMAPVEX08 Ongoing Just completed Canadian campaign (CanEx)
Australia campaign (SMAPEx) San Joaquin Valley experiment Future
SMAPVEX ?? Establish infrastructure In situ sensor testbed
necessary for post-launch Tower and aircraft SMAP simulators
Cal/Val Core validation sites Collaboration
- 16. CanEx SM 2010: CSA and NASA Primary mission objectives: (1)
validation of SMOS brightness temperature and soil moisture
products and (2) concurrent time series of active and passive
microwave observations for SMAP passive, active, and combined soil
moisture algorithms. Flight dates: June 2-15 Kenaston (KEN) (7
dates) (agricultural) June 16 BERMS (1 date) (forest) Other mission
considerations Both domains include two independent SMOS grid
footprints. Coordination with SMOS over passes. Calibration and
scaling of permanent in situ networks
- 17. CanEx Permanent In Situ Networks Environment Canada BERMS
Close to desired SMAP Core University of Guelph Validation site
requirements Environment Canada Kenaston
- 18. CanEx SMOS Pixel Centers and Aircraft Coverage SMOS
products are at ~40 km resolution and gridded at ~16 km. Aircraft
logistics limit the size of the coverage domain. Each area includes
~ 2 independent pixels (~33 by 70 km).
- 19. CanEx Campaign Soil Moisture Sites Ground sampling sites
included most permanent sites, the BERMS temporary network, and 50
additional sites selected to be representative of BERMS Temporary
domain, provide Network spatial coverage, Will provide a and
support longer record for multiple scaling SMOS/BERMS and
objectives. to establish scaling of the limited permanent 59
network.
- 20. CanEx Campaign Aircraft NASA G-III UAVSAR: L-band fully
polarimetric radar (Swath 20 km, resolution 6 m). Multiple lines
were required to provide coverage between 35 and 45o. Environment
Canada Twin Otter L-band dual polarization radiometer, 40o (single
beam, resolution 3 km). Multiple lines were required to provide
coverage . 6.9, 19, 37 and 89 GHz radiometers, 53o (single beam,
res. are 1.3 km for 6.9 GHz and 0.8 km for the others)
- 21. CanEx Summary Date Saskatoon Prince Albert Aircraft Flights
Satellite Coverage Note Daily Rainfall Daily Rainfall Site (mm)
(mm) May 22-30 67.3 68.4 June 1 Significant Rain 2 0.7 KEN SMOS 3
9.8 14.8 SMOS 4 2.2 5 6.8 KEN SMOS 6 0.2 KEN 7 5.5 2.8 Re-wetting 8
16.9 7.2 SMOS Partial Twin Otter 9 KEN 10 5.5 4.0 SMOS 11 13.2 12
13 0.4 KEN SMOS 14 0.1 KEN 15 0.3 KEN SMOS Only UAVSAR 16 0.2 BERMS
SMOS
- 22. CanEx Campaign Ground Conditions Wettest Springever
Waterlogged soils resulted in limited planting and tillage
- 23. CanEx Kenaston Area Composite radar image (HH-red, VV-blue,
HV- green) 65o 25o June 5, 2010
- 24. SMAP Major Field Campaigns ver. 07/10 SMAPVEX08 Year/ 1 2 3
4 Quarter High priority design/algorithm issues SMAPEx (Australia)
2008 SMAPVEX08 4 one-week campaigns to span four seasons 2009 SMOS
Aircraft Radar/Radiometer 2010 CanEx-SM (Canada) SMAPEx SMAPEx
Two-week soil moisture campaign CanEx-SM Aircraft Radar/Radiometer
2011 Aquarius GCOM-W SMAPEx CanEx-FT CanEx-FT (Canada) 2012 SAOCOM
Two-week freeze/thaw campaign SMAPVEX12 Aircraft Radar/Radiometer
2013 SMAPVEX12 Major hydrology campaign 2014 SMAP Long duration
Aircraft Radar/Radiometer 2015 SMAPVEX15 SMAPVEX15 SMAPVEX15
SMAPVEX15 Extended campaign for both SM and FT Long duration
Satellite Launch in Red Aircraft Radar/Radiometer
- 25. SMAP Cal/Val Key Points Pre-launch Cal/Val is driven by the
Algorithm teams and the post-launch mission requirements. Timeline
has a major impact! Core Validation Sites must be established.
Field campaigns Recent field campaigns have exploited partnerships.
CanEx, SJV, and SMAPEx have all been successful. Planning for a
2011 freeze-thaw activity is beginning. Broad input is needed for
the next campaign. Cal/Val Workshop Week of May 3-5, 2011 (S.
Calif.).