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Testing structureDay 7, Sept. 12, 2012Introduction to Syntax
ANTH 3590/7590
Harry Howard
Tulane University
Course management
http://www.tulane.edu/~howard/ANTH3590/
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§2.4 Clauses containing complementizers
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Intro
Minimalism calls coordinating conjunctions ‘complemetizers’, abbreviated as C(OMP). I said several stupid things. I said that the Earth was flat.
Structure I said [NP several stupid things]
I said [S’ that [S [NP the Earth] [T was] [AP flat]]] Do you see a problem with this? I said [CP that [TP [NP the Earth] [T ’ [T was] [AP flat]]]]
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§2.5 Testing structure
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Some tests
The coordination condition Only constituents of the same type can be
coordinated by means of the coordinating conjunctions and, or & but.
Substitution Only constituents can be replaced by a proform
such as personal pronouns, so & do. The preposing condition
When material is preposed in order to highlight it, what is preposed is the smallest possible maximal projection containing the highlighted material.
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Other constraints
The economy condition Syntactic structures should contain as few words
as possible, and syntactic operations should affect as few words as possible.
The functional head constraint The complement of a certain type of functional
head, call it F, cannot be moved on its own (without also moving F).
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Exercise 2.1, p. 70
Quick way to draw a tree. Write the sentence along the bottom of your
space. Write the syntactic category of each word above
it. Merge categories starting at the end and working
your way forward. If one line crosses another, you are on the wrong
track.
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THE EXAMPLE OF EX. 2.1-19
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PP
He has become very fond of Mary
PRN T V ADV ADJ P NP
Adj’
AdjP
VP
T’
TP
Q1MIN 0.0
MAX 10.0
AVG 6.4
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NEXT TIMEC-command, bare phrase structure, summary
2.6 - 2.9, Ex 2.2
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