Post on 18-Jan-2016
Testing a Monitoring and Evaluation System to Capture and Communicate the Ebola Response Effort in Selected Areas in Liberia
Ithar Hassaballa1 Charles Sepers1, Stephen Fawcett1, Davison Munodawafa2, Peter Phori2, Ephraim Chiriseri2, Florence DiGennaro Reed1, and Jerry Schultz1
1. Department of Applied Behavior Science 2. World Health Organization African Regional Office
• No conflict of interest.
Presenter Disclosure
• WHO Collaborating Centre at KU (KU CC)• Capturing and Communicating the Ebola Response Effort
• Background• Methods
• Context & Partners• Ebola Response Effort• Monitoring & Evaluation Approach
• Results• Sensemaking
• Discussion• Lessons Learned• Recommendations for Practice
• Conclusion
Presentation Map
• Designated as a WHO Collaborating Centre in 2004
• Provides:• Support for building capacity through the Community Tool
Box• Training & technical assistance on M&E• Guidance to WHO Regional Offices
KU Work Group for Community Health & Development
• WHO Tasked with: • Monitoring & Evaluating the Ebola Response Effort
• KU CC • Monitoring & Evaluation Capabilities
Responding to the Needs of WHO Regional Office for Africa
• Ebola Outbreak• Longest and largest in history of disease • Enormous health, social, and economic
consequences• Intense Transmission• Delayed identification of the disease• Denial, Fear, & Panic
• False rumors• Limited understanding of the disease
• Little to no capacity for diagnosis and treatment • Community Health Volunteers provided home-
based care
Background– Ebola Outbreak in West Africa
• Participating Communities
• Collaborating Partners: KU CC, WHO AFRO
• Intersectoral Action to address the Ebola outbreak • Local, national, regional, and international organizations
Methods– Context & Partners
Focused on Changing the Conditions:1) Reduce exposures
• Chlorinated water buckets for sanitation• Safe burials
2) Address vulnerabilities/capabilities • Education about Ebola• Training on protective behaviors• Community engagement efforts
3) Reduce differential consequences Provide access to Ebola diagnosis and treatment Engage Ebola survivors
Methods– Ebola Response Effort
1) Situation Assessment2) Community Organization & Mobilization3) Preparing the Workforce– Training & Capacity
Building4) Health Information Communication 5) Delivery of Essential Services & Supports6) Environmental Changes7) Policy Changes 8) Health System & Community Transformation
Methods– Ebola Response EffortIntervention Components
• KU CC Designed M&E System • Liberia-based evaluation consultant • Trained using an Evaluation Codebook• KU CC team member provided feedback on monthly
reports (secondary observer)• Accurate characterization of activities or interobserver
agreement was at 92%
• WHO Analysis • Computing incidence of Ebola
• Combining instances of confirmed, suspected, and probable cases
Methods– Measurement– Capture
Methods– Monitoring & Evaluation Approach
Dissemination Efforts
Monitoring & Evaluation System
Results– Communicate
• Decline in incidence of Ebola • Reported zero cases continuously for a period 42 days.
• World Health Organization • Declared Liberia Ebola Free on 09 May, 2015 • Declared Liberia Ebola Free (for the second time) on 03
September, 2015
Results Continued
Community engagement critical in bringing about community/system changes
Intervention required sustained and coordinated intersectoral action
WHO’s convening power Using an an M&E system was important in
capturing key activities
Discussion– Lessons Learned
Strengthen the local health system Build capacity and sustain leadership through
training & technical support Establish an Africa-based forum—not one outside
the continent Address social determinants that are the root
causes of outbreaks Reduce differential exposures (e.g., poor housing,
sanitation) Address vulnerabilities/capabilities (e.g., through primary
education for girls) Reduce differential consequences (e.g., provide universal
access to diagnosis and treatment)
Discussion–Recommendations for Practice
Current Work
“You get what you inspect,
not what you expect.”Bill Foege, House on Fire: The Fight to Eradicate Smallpox (2011)
Health Behaviors
Health Care
Broader Determina
nts
• Behavioral science• Urban planning,
Design• Anthropology
• Medicine, Nursing• Public
Administration
• Public health• Education• Policy and Law
Community Health and Well Being
“If you want to go quickly, go alone.
If you want to go far, go together.”
~African proverb
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11. Liberia Map. https://www.google.com/search?q=lofa+and+margibi+maps&biw=1920&bih=1065&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0CAgQ_AUoA2oVChMI0oGbirf-xwIViwuSCh3K5A2D#tbm=isch&q=liberia+map+with+counties&imgrc=-E4PuKMPTWcYnM%3A
References