ETHIOPIAN DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Teff Production and Market Access in Ethiopia

Mekamu Kedir, Emily Schmidt, Helina TilahunIFPRI ESSP-II EDRI

Improved Evidence Towards Better Policies for the Teff Value Chain October 10, 2013Addis Ababa

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2

• Understand spatial and temporal teff production pattern;

• Explore how transportation infrastructure and market access overlaps with :

• teff production and, • chemical fertilizer use over time.

Objectives

• This study links agricultural production and input data from the Agricultural Sample Survey (AgSS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) data.

- Ethiopian Agricultural Sample Enumeration (2001/02) ;- AgSS (1995/96, 2006/07 and 2010/11 );- GIS data: Elevation and Slope grid, city population, and road networks.

• Pairing these data, we explore :- Teff production, area, and yield (1995-2011);- Changes in fertilizer use on teff production areas (1995-2011);- Changes in market access (1995-2011).

Data and method

• We also categorize production by terciles into top, middle, and low producing woredas.

- Sort all woredas by total production,- Identify the top 33.3% of highest producing woredas = top producers,- We follow the same procedure for middle and low producing woredas.

• Within these categories we examine:- Share of producers using fertilizer and;- Share of fertilized teff area;

• The study uses measurements of travel time to examine differences in agricultural production and input use.

Data and method

• The percent of producers applying fertilizer on teff fields and share of fertilized teff area increased over time.

• Top production category has the highest share.

Fertilizer Use, Teff Producers, and Area

2000/2001 2006/7 2010/110%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Top 33.3%Middle 33.3%Bottom 33.3%

Perc

ent o

f teff

pro

duce

rs u

sing

fer-

tilize

r

2000/2001 2006/7 2010/110%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Top 33.3%Middle 33.3%Bottom 33.3%

Perc

ent o

f fer

tilize

d te

ff ar

ea

1995/96 2006/07 2010/110%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Under 3 hoursOver 3 hours

Perc

ent o

f teff

pro

ducti

on

1995/96 2006/07 2010/110%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Under 3 hoursOver 3 hours

Perc

ent o

f teff

are

a

Teff Production, Area, and Accessibility

• In non-remote areas, there is an increase in percentage of:

• Teff production,

• Teff area.

Teff Yield, Fertilized Area, and Accessibility

• In non-remote areas, there is an increase in:

• Teff yield,

• The percent of fertilized teff area.1995/96 2006/07 2010/11

0%

20%

40%

60%

Under 3 hours

Perc

ent o

f fer

tilize

d ar

ea

1995/96 2006/07 2010/11 -

4.00

8.00

12.00

16.00

Under 3 hours

Teff

yiel

d

16

Conclusions • The percent of producers applying fertilizer on teff fields

increased.

• Increasingly larger share of teff area is being fertilized.

• An increase in teff production, area, and yield is noted within 3 hours travel time to a city of at least 50,000 people.

• Increasing intensification over time in teff production, for remote and non-remote farmers.

• Strong correlation of market access and fertilizer use on teff fields.