Taxonomic Revision of Altermonas

George M. Garrity(Adapted by J Kennedy)

For further information contact garrity@msu.edu

macleodii(T)

communis

Alteromonas

1972

vaga

communisvagahaloplanktis

Alteromonasmacleodii(T)

1972 1973

communisvagahaloplanktisrubra

Alteromonas

1972 1973 1976

macleodii(T)

communisvagahaloplanktisrubracitrea

Alteromonas

1972 1973 1976 1977

macleodii(T)

communisvagahaloplanktisrubracitreaesperjianaundina

Alteromonas

1972 1973 1976 1977 1978

macleodii(T)

communisvagahaloplanktisrubracitreaesperjianaundinaaurantia

Alteromonas

1972 1973 1976 1977 1978 1979

macleodii(T)

communisvagahaloplanktisrubracitreaesperjianaundinaaurantiaputrifacienshanedai

Alteromonas

1972 1973 1976 1977 1978 1979 1981

macleodii(T)

communisvagahaloplanktisrubracitreaesperjianaundinaaurantiaputrifacienshanedailuteoviolaceae

Alteromonas

1972 1973 1976 1977 1978 1979 1981 1982

macleodii(T)

communisvagahaloplanktisrubracitreaesperjianaundinaaurantiaputrifacienshanedailuteoviolaceae

vagacommunis(T)

Marinomonas Alteromonas

commune

vagum

1972 1973 1976 1977 1978 1979 1981 1982 1984

multiglobiferum

japonicumminutiumbiejerinckiimaris

maris

hiroshimense

pelagicumpusillum

jannaschiikreigii

Oceanosprillum

mariswilliamsae

linum(T) macleodii(T)

Nomenclatural issuesHomotypic synonymyPriorityRule 37(a) 1

Data issuesOne to many relationship

Taxonomic issueWhich one is right?

communisvagahaloplanktisrubracitreaesperjianaundinaaurantiaputrifacienshanedai

vaga benthicahanedai

Marinomonas Alteromonasputrifaciens(T)

Shewanella

japonicumminutiumbiejerinckiimaris

maris

hiroshimensemultiglobiferumpelagicumpusillumcommunejannaschiikreigiivagum

Oceanosprillum

mariswilliamsae

1972 1973 1976 1977 1978 1979 1981 1982 1984 1986

luteoviolaceae

communis(T)linum(T) macleodii(T)

1972 1973 1976 1977 1978 1979 1981 1982 1984 1986 1987

communisvagahaloplanktisrubracitreaesperjianaundinaaurantia

hanedailuteoviolaceaedenitrificans

vaga benthicahanedai

Marinomonas Alteromonas Shewanella

japonicumminutiumbiejerinckiimaris

maris

hiroshimensemultiglobiferumpelagicumpusillumcommunejannaschiikreigiivagum

Oceanosprillum

mariswilliamsae

putrifaciens

putrifaciens(T)communis(T)linum(T) macleodii(T)

communisvagahaloplanktisrubracitreaesperjianaundinaaurantiaputrifacienshanedailuteoviolaceaedenitrificans

vaga benthicahanedai

Marinomonas Alteromonas Shewanella

japonicumminutiumbiejerinckiimaris

maris

hiroshimensemultiglobiferumpelagicumpusillumcommunejannaschiikreigiivagum

Oceanosprillum

mariswilliamsae

1972 1973 1976 1977 1978 1979 1981 1982 1984 1986 1987 1988

colwelliana

putrifaciens(T)communis(T)linum(T) macleodii(T)

vaga benthicahanedai

Marinomonas Shewanella

japonicumminutiumbiejerinckiimaris

maris

hiroshimensemultiglobiferumpelagicumpusillumcommunejannaschiikreigiivagumbiejerinckiipelagicummaris

hiroshimense

Oceanosprillum

mariswilliamsae

communisvagahaloplanktisrubracitreaesperjianaundinaaurantiaputrifacienshanedailuteoviolaceaedenitrificans

tetradonis

Alteromonas

colwelliana

1972 1973 1976 1977 1978 1979 1981 1982 1984 1986 1987 1988 1990

colwelliana

putrifaciens(T)communis(T)linum(T) macleodii(T)

vaga benthicahanedaicolwellianaalgae

Marinomonas Shewanella

communisvagahaloplanktisrubracitreaesperjianaundinaaurantiaputrifacienshanedailuteoviolaceaedenitrificans

tetradonisatlanticacarageenovora

Alteromonas

colwelliana

1972 1973 1976 1977 1978 1979 1981 1982 1984 1986 1987 1988 1990 1992

japonicumminutiumbiejerinckiimaris

maris

hiroshimensemultiglobiferumpelagicumpusillumcommunejannaschiikreigiivagumbiejerinckiipelagicummaris

hiroshimense

Oceanosprillum

mariswilliamsae

putrifaciens(T)communis(T)linum(T) macleodii(T)

Nomenclatural issueNon-type strains

vaga benthicahanedaicolwellianaalgae

Marinomonas Shewanella

communisvagahaloplanktis

putrifacienshanedai

denitrificans

rubracitreaesperjianaundinaaurantia

luteoviolaceae

tetradonisatlanticacarageenovora

Alteromonas

colwelliana

1972 1973 1976 1977 1978 1979 1981 1982 1984 1986 1987 1988 1990 1992 1995

japonicumminutiumbiejerinckiimaris

maris

hiroshimensemultiglobiferumpelagicumpusillumcommunejannaschiikreigiivagumbiejerinckiipelagicummaris

hiroshimense

Oceanosprillum

mariswilliamsae

distinctafuliginea

putrifaciens(T)communis(T)linum(T) macleodii(T)

Nomenclatural issuesHeterotypic synonymy

Data issueMany to many relationship

Taxonomic issueWhich one is right?

vaga benthicahanedaicolwellianaalgae

Marinomonas Shewanella

communisvagahaloplanktis

putrifacienshanedai

denitrificans

rubracitreaesperjianaundinaaurantia

luteoviolaceae

tetradonisatlanticacarageenovora

Alteromonas

colwelliana

1972 1973 1976 1977 1978 1979 1981 1982 1984 1986 1987 1988 1990 1992 1995

japonicumminutiumbiejerinckiimaris

maris

hiroshimensemultiglobiferumpelagicumpusillumcommunejannaschiikreigiivagumbiejerinckiipelagicummaris

hiroshimense

Oceanosprillum

mariswilliamsae

distinctafuliginea

atlanticaaurantiacarrageenovoracitreaesperjianaluteoviolaceanigrifacienspisicidarubra

haloplanktishaloplanktis(T)

Pseudoalteromonas

undina

haloplanktistetradonis

putrifaciens(T)communis(T)linum(T) macleodii(T)

vaga benthicahanedaicolwellianaalgae

Marinomonas Shewanella

communisvagahaloplanktisrubracitreaesperjianaundinaaurantiaputrifacienshanedailuteoviolaceaedenitrificans

tetradonisatlanticacarageenovora

Alteromonas

colwelliana

1972 1973 1976 1977 1978 1979 1981 1982 1984 1986 1987 1988 1990 1992 1995 1997

japonicumminutiumbiejerinckiimaris

maris

hiroshimensemultiglobiferumpelagicumpusillumcommunejannaschiikreigiivagumbiejerinckiipelagicummaris

hiroshimense

Oceanosprillum

mariswilliamsae

distinctafuliginea

atlanticaaurantiacarrageenovoracitreaesperjianaluteoviolaceanigrifacienspisicidarubra

Pseudoalteromonas

undinaantartica

elyakoviii

haloplanktistetradonis

haloplanktishaloplanktis(T)

putrifaciens(T)communis(T)linum(T) macleodii(T)

vaga benthicahanedaicolwellianaalgae

Marinomonas Shewanella

communisvagahaloplanktisrubracitreaesperjianaundinaaurantiaputrifacienshanedailuteoviolaceaedenitrificans

tetradonisatlanticacarageenovora

Alteromonas

colwelliana

1972 1973 1976 1977 1978 1979 1981 1982 1984 1986 1987 1988 1990 1992 1995 1997 2000

japonicumminutiumbiejerinckiimaris

maris

hiroshimensemultiglobiferumpelagicumpusillumcommunejannaschiikreigiivagumbiejerinckiipelagicummaris

hiroshimense

Oceanosprillum

mariswilliamsae

distinctafuliginea

atlanticaaurantiacarrageenovoracitreaesperjianaluteoviolaceanigrifacienspisicidarubra

Pseudoalteromonas

undinaantartica

elyakoviii

fridgidimarinageldimarinawoodyiiamazonensisbalticaoneidensispealeanaviolacea

bacteriolyticaprydzensistunicatadistinctaelyakoviipeptidolytica

haloplanktistetradonis

mediterannea

haloplanktishaloplanktis(T)

putrifaciens(T)communis(T)linum(T) macleodii(T)

vaga benthicahanedaicolwellianaalgae

Marinomonas Shewanella

communisvagahaloplanktisrubracitreaesperjianaundinaaurantiaputrifacienshanedailuteoviolaceaedenitrificans

tetradonisatlanticacarageenovora

Alteromonas

colwelliana

1972 1973 1976 1977 1978 1979 1981 1982 1984 1986 1987 1988 1990 1992 1995 1997 2000 2001

japonicumminutiumbiejerinckiimaris

maris

hiroshimensemultiglobiferumpelagicumpusillumcommunejannaschiikreigiivagumbiejerinckiipelagicummaris

hiroshimense

Oceanosprillum

mariswilliamsae

distinctafuliginea

atlanticaaurantiacarrageenovoracitreaesperjianaluteoviolaceanigrifacienspisicidarubra

Pseudoalteromonas

undinaantartica

elyakoviii

fridgidimarinageldimarinawoodyiiamazonensisbalticaoneidensispealeanaviolacea

bacteriolyticaprydzensistunicatadistinctaelyakoviipeptidolyticatetrodonis

japonica

haloplanktistetradonis

mediterannea

haloplanktishaloplanktis(T)

putrifaciens(T)communis(T)linum(T) macleodii(T)

vaga benthicahanedaicolwellianaalgae

Marinomonas Shewanella

communisvagahaloplanktisrubracitreaesperjianaundinaaurantiaputrifacienshanedailuteoviolaceaedenitrificans

tetradonisatlanticacarageenovora

Alteromonas

colwelliana

1972 1973 1976 1977 1978 1979 1981 1982 1984 1986 1987 1988 1990 1992 1995 1997 2000 2001 2002

japonicumminutiumbiejerinckiimaris

maris

hiroshimensemultiglobiferumpelagicumpusillumcommunejannaschiikreigiivagumbiejerinckiipelagicummaris

hiroshimense

Oceanosprillum

mariswilliamsae

distinctafuliginea

Pseudoalteromonas

elyakoviii

fridgidimarinageldimarinawoodyiiamazonensisbalticaoneidensispealeanaviolaceajaponicadenitrificanslivingstonensisalleyanna

atlanticaaurantiacarrageenovoracitreaesperjianaluteoviolaceanigrifacienspisicidarubraundinaantarticabacteriolyticaprydzensistunicatadistinctaelyakoviipeptidolyticatetrodonis

haloplanktistetradonis

mediterannea

haloplanktishaloplanktis(T)

putrifaciens(T)communis(T)linum(T) macleodii(T)

vaga benthicahanedaicolwellianaalgae

Marinomonas Shewanella

communisvagahaloplanktisrubracitreaesperjianaundinaaurantiaputrifacienshanedailuteoviolaceaedenitrificans

tetradonisatlanticacarageenovora

Alteromonas

colwelliana

1972 1973 1976 1977 1978 1979 1981 1982 1984 1986 1987 1988 1990 1992 1995 1997 2000 2001 2002 2004

japonicumminutiumbiejerinckiimaris

maris

hiroshimensemultiglobiferumpelagicumpusillumcommunejannaschiikreigiivagumbiejerinckiipelagicummaris

hiroshimense

Oceanosprillum

mariswilliamsae

distinctafuliginea

Pseudoalteromonas

elyakoviii

fridgidimarinageldimarinawoodyiiamazonensisbalticaoneidensispealeanaviolaceajaponicadenitrificanslivingstonensisalleyanna

atlanticaaurantiacarrageenovoracitreaesperjianaluteoviolaceanigrifacienspisicidarubraundinaantarticabacteriolyticaprydzensistunicatadistinctaelyakoviipeptidolyticatetrodonis

haloplanktistetradonis

12 others

mariniintestinasaireschlegelianagaetbuli

mediteranneaprimoryensis

haloplanktishaloplanktis(T)

putrifaciens(T)communis(T)linum(T) macleodii(T)

stellipolarislitorea 5 others

vaga benthicahanedaicolwellianaalgae

Marinomonas Shewanella

communisvagahaloplanktisrubracitreaesperjianaundinaaurantiaputrifacienshanedailuteoviolaceaedenitrificans

tetradonisatlanticacarageenovora

Alteromonas

colwelliana

1972 1973 1976 1977 1978 1979 1981 1982 1984 1986 1987 1988 1990 1992 1995 1997 2000 2001 2002 2004 2005

japonicumminutiumbiejerinckiimaris

maris

hiroshimensemultiglobiferumpelagicumpusillumcommunejannaschiikreigiivagumbiejerinckiipelagicummaris

hiroshimense

Oceanosprillum

mariswilliamsae

distinctafuliginea

Pseudoalteromonas

elyakoviii

fridgidimarinageldimarinawoodyiiamazonensisbalticaoneidensispealeanaviolaceajaponicadenitrificanslivingstonensisalleyanna

atlanticaaurantiacarrageenovoracitreaesperjianaluteoviolaceanigrifacienspisicidarubraundinaantarticabacteriolyticaprydzensistunicatadistinctaelyakoviipeptidolyticatetrodonis

haloplanktistetradonis

14 others

mariniintestinasaireschlegelianagaetbuli

mediteranneaprimoryensis

haloplanktishaloplanktis(T)

putrifaciens(T)communis(T)linum(T) macleodii(T)

stellipolarislitorea 8 others2 others

vaga benthicahanedaicolwellianaalgae

Marinomonas Shewanella

communisvagahaloplanktisrubracitreaesperjianaundinaaurantiaputrifacienshanedailuteoviolaceaedenitrificans

tetradonisatlanticacarageenovora

Alteromonas

colwelliana

1972 1973 1976 1977 1978 1979 1981 1982 1984 1986 1987 1988 1990 1992 1995 1997 2000 2001 2002 2004 2005 2006

japonicumminutiumbiejerinckiimaris

maris

hiroshimensemultiglobiferumpelagicumpusillumcommunejannaschiikreigiivagumbiejerinckiipelagicummaris

hiroshimense

Oceanosprillum

mariswilliamsae

distinctafuliginea

Pseudoalteromonas

elyakoviii

fridgidimarinageldimarinawoodyiiamazonensisbalticaoneidensispealeanaviolaceajaponicadenitrificanslivingstonensisalleyanna

atlanticaaurantiacarrageenovoracitreaesperjianaluteoviolaceanigrifacienspisicidarubraundinaantarticabacteriolyticaprydzensistunicatadistinctaelyakoviipeptidolyticatetrodonis

haloplanktistetradonis

14 others

mariniintestinasaireschlegelianagaetbuli

mediteranneaprimoryensis

haloplanktishaloplanktis(T)

putrifaciens(T)communis(T)linum(T) macleodii(T)

stellipolarislitorea 13 others2 others

Alteromonas

Alteromonadacea

Alteromonadales

Gammaproteobacteria

Alishewanella

Aestuariibacter

FerrimonasColwellia

Idiomarina

Glaciecola

Marinobacterium

Marinobacter

Pseudoalteromonas

Microbulbifer

Incertae sedis

Psychromonas

Teredinibacter

Shewanella

Thalassomonas

Ferrimonadacea

Idiomarinaceae

Moritella

Moritellaceae

Pseudoalteromonadaceae

Ferrimonas

Idiomarina

Pseudoalteromonas

Psychromonadaceae

Algicola

Psychromonas

Moritella

Shewanellaceae Shewanella

Incertae sedis

Teredinibacter

Agarvorans

Alishewanella

Marinobacterium

Marinobacter

Microbulbifer

Salinomonas

Colwelliaceae

Colwelliaceae

Thalassomonas

May 2004 November 2004

At the species level 18 “emendations”

21 new species19 species reassigned to 4 genera

3 new combinations6 synonyms 2 species to subspecies2 subspecies to species

50 names, five genera, five families, and two classes but….only 5 validly published species.

At the higher level1 Family 16 genera -> 8 families 12 genera

1 unclassified genus -> 7 unclassified generaWhich is correct?

Which is supported by the data?What is the impact on MIGS?