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Systems of transport within bodies Circulation Hannah Nevins Bio 1b Spring 2009

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Transportation to and from cells Nutrients e.g. fatty acids, glucose Metabolites wastes Hormones signaling cells, organs Gases O2, CO2 How are gases carried?

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Circulatory System Components: Circulatory fluid carry solutes, gases, immune cells, RBCs Vessels roads for transport Pump to move fluid Valves to keep flow unidirectional (why?)

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Cell Types: Red & White

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Components of (vertebrate) blood

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Simple Circulation: Ciliated Systems Bodies

Amphibians & some Reptiles Two atria & 1 ventricle Blood mixed in ventricle Greater systemic pressure = > higher activity levels Heart gets fresher blood -Which of these has a greater density of skin capillaries? Why?

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Variations in the circulatory system:

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Four-chamber heart: Crocodiles, Birds and Mammals No mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood What is the advantage of this?

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Human Circulation:

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Capillaries are everywhere! 2000/ mm2, usually