SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIPS

What it means:

Two organisms that live together

Temporarily or for a longer time

At least one of the organisms benefits from the relationship

Organism One Organism Two

Mutualism + (Happy)

+ (Happy)

Predation + (Happy)

- (Sad)

Parasitism + (Happy)

-(Sad)

Commensalism + (Happy)

0 (Neutral)

Symbiotic Relationships

Commensalism- one species benefits and the other is neither harmed nor helped

Ex. orchids on a treeEpiphytes: A plant, such as a tropical orchid or a bromeliad, that grows on another plant upon which it depends for mechanical support but not for nutrients. Also called aerophyte, air plant.

Symbiotic Relationships

Parasitism- one species benefits (parasite)

and the other is harmed (host)

Parasite-Host relationship

Symbiotic Relationships

Parasitism- parasite-hostEx. lampreys, leeches, fleas,ticks,tapeworm

Symbiotic Relationships

Mutualism- beneficial to both species

Ex. cleaning birds and

cleaner shrimp

Explain how the cow and chicken exhibit commensalism in this cartoon.

This tiny emperor shrimp is riding along on the back of a sea cucumber (a long worm-like starfish relative) while it crawls along a sandy bottom. The

shrimp gets to travel around under the protection of its much larger partner, and the sea cucumber doesn't seem to

mind.

Emperor Shrimp & Sea Cucumber

commensalism

What symbiotic relationship is this?

Moray Eel & Cleaner Fish

This moray eel has a small fish cleaning between its teeth. The eel gets a clean

mouth while the cleaner fish gets a nice meal.

What symbiotic relationship is this?

mutualism

Loa Loa Worm & Human

This worm infects human the blood stream and gets a nice warm safe home

there. The human may go blind or

have other complications as a result.

What symbiotic relationship is this?

parasitism

Goby and Alpheid Shrimp

What symbiotic relationship is this?

mutualism

This alpheid shrimp (onthe right) uses its strong claws

like a bulldozer to create a burrow in the sand. The shrimp is nearly blind. It relies upon its partner, the sharp-eyed goby, to

warn of danger. When a potential predator approaches, both animals disappear quickly

into the burrow

Hummingbird Moth & Flower

This hummingbird moth is drinking the nectar of a flower. The flower gets pollinated (the moth brings

pollen from other flowers) and the moth gets a tasty meal.

What symbiotic relationship is this?

mutualism