Super-Kamiokande Gadolinium R&D Project:

Status and Outlook

68th JPS annual meeting. Kyoto. September 11th, 2012.

Lluís Martí Magro (Univ. Tokyo, ICRR) for the Super-Kamiokande collaboration.

Flux limit at Super-K

Phys. Rev. D 85, 052007 (2012)

Supernova Relic Neutrino

Lluís Martí Magro 68th JPS annual meeting 11th September, 2012

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The goal is the discovery of SRN !

→ Measurement limits getting closer to predictions→ Large backgrounds dominate this analysis→ Expand the energy range starting from 10 MeV

Gadolinium Antineutrino Detector Zealously Outperforming Old Kamiokande Super!

Inverse beta decay(2.2MeV)

~8 MeV

•ΔT~30μsec•Vertices within ~50cm

GADZOOKS!

Lluís Martí Magro 68th JPS annual meeting 11th September, 2012

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→Dissolve Gd in SK pure water (0.2%)→Neutrons captured on Gd produce a cascade of photons of ~8 MeV→The coincidence detection of e+ and those photons we can single out inverse beta decays and greatly reduce backgrounds!!

J.Beacom and M.Vagins, Phys.Rev.Lett.93 (2004) 17110

Evaluating Gadolinium’s Action on Detector Systems

Kamioka mine

200 ton tank

EGADS

Lluís Martí Magro 68th JPS annual meeting 11th September, 2012

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Our Goals: Water purification system Monitor the water transparency Effects on detector components Adding/removing Gd Neutron background

New hall

240 20' PMT

200 ton tank (d=6.5 m, h=6.5 m)

15 ton tankWater system

Water transparency

measurem

ent

Achieve and maintain a high water quality while keeping Gd

Lluís Martí Magro 68th JPS annual meeting 11th September, 2012

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EGADS plan schedule

- Step 1: Circulation through the 200 ton tank with pure water (no PMTs mounted) Done!- Step 2: Circulation through the 15 ton tank with Gd

2(SO

4)

3 Done!

- Step 3: Circulation though the 200 ton tank with Gd2(SO

4)

3 loaded

water- Step 4: PMT mounting (240 in total)- Step 5: Full realization of the EGADS project

Lluís Martí Magro 68th JPS annual meeting 11th September, 2012

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EGADS plan schedule

- Step 1: Circulation through the 200 ton tank with pure water (no PMTs mounted) Done!- Step 2: Circulation through the 15 ton tank with Gd

2(SO

4)

3 Done!

- Step 3: Circulation though the 200 ton tank with Gd2(SO

4)

3 loaded

water- Step 4: PMT mounting (240 in total)- Step 5: Full realization of the EGADS project

Lluís Martí Magro 68th JPS annual meeting 11th September, 2012

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EGADS plan schedule

- Step 1: Circulation through the 200 ton tank with pure water (no PMTs mounted) Done!- Step 2: Circulation through the 15 ton tank with Gd

2(SO

4)

3 Done!

- Step 3: Circulation though the 200 ton tank with Gd2(SO

4)

3 loaded

water- Step 4: PMT mounting (240 in total)- Step 5: Full realization of the EGADS project

Lluís Martí Magro 68th JPS annual meeting 11th September, 2012

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EGADS plan schedule

- Step 1: Circulation through the 200 ton tank with pure water (no PMTs mounted) Done!- Step 2: Circulation through the 15 ton tank with Gd

2(SO

4)

3 Done!

- Step 3: Circulation though the 200 ton tank with Gd2(SO

4)

3 loaded

water- Step 4: PMT mounting (240 in total)- Step 5: Full realization of the EGADS project

Lluís Martí Magro 68th JPS annual meeting 11th September, 2012

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EGADS plan schedule

- Step 1: Circulation through the 200 ton tank with pure water (no PMTs mounted) Done!- Step 2: Circulation through the 15 ton tank with Gd

2(SO

4)

3 Done!

- Step 3: Circulation though the 200 ton tank with Gd2(SO

4)

3 loaded

water- Step 4: PMT mounting (240 in total)- Step 5: Full realization of the EGADS project

- Step 1: Circulation through the 200 ton tank with pure water (no PMTs mounted) Done!- Step 2: Circulation through the 15 ton tank with Gd

2(SO

4)

3 Done!

- Step 3: Circulation though the 200 ton tank with Gd2(SO

4)

3 loaded

water- Step 4: PMT mounting (240 in total)- Step 5: Full realization of the EGADS project

Lluís Martí Magro 68th JPS annual meeting 11th September, 2012

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EGADS plan schedule

Lluís Martí Magro 68th JPS annual meeting 11th September, 2012

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EGADS plan schedule

- Step 1: Circulation through the 200 ton tank with pure water (no PMTs mounted) Done!- Step 2: Circulation through the 15 ton tank with Gd

2(SO

4)

3 Done!

- Step 3: Circulation though the 200 ton tank with Gd2(SO

4)

3 loaded

water- Step 4: PMT mounting (240 in total)- Step 5: Full realization of the EGADS project

Filtration of Gd loaded water

Impurities size ++ ―>

Porou

s size ++

―>

(NF)

(UF)

(RO)

12 11th September, 2012

68th JPS annual meetingLluís Martí Magro

Water system

M.Vagins

15 ton EGADS

Test Tank

Intake Pump

(>4 ton/hr)

5 m 1st Stage

Filter

Concentrated Gd NF Reject Lines

UV#1

Mem

braneD

egas

0.2 m 2nd Stage Filter

0.5 ton Collection

Buffer Tank

RepressurizationPump

(>0.6 MPa, >4 ton/hr)

RepressurizationPump

(>0.6 MPa, >3 ton/hr)

NF #2

NF

#1

Ultrafilter #1

Repressur-izationPump

(>0.9 MPa, >2 ton/hr)

TOC

5 m Filter

0.5 ton Buffer Tank

RO #1

UF #1

UF

#2

Repressurization Pump

(>0.9 MPa, >1.5 ton/hr)

DI#2

5 m Filter

RO #2

RO Permeate Lines

Conveying Pump

(~0.35 MPa, >4 ton/hr)

Recycles RO Reject Lines

Chiller

UF#1 Reject Line

UF#2 Reject

UV#2

DI#1

To Drain

Lluís Martí Magro 68th JPS annual meeting 11th September, 2012

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Anion-rem

oval resin

5 m

Anion-rem

oval resin

The EGADS Hall

Pre-treatment system

15m3 tank for pre-treatment

200 ton tankUDEAL

Water system

14

Anion-removal resin

(AJ4400)

Lluís Martí Magro 68th JPS annual meeting 11th September, 2012

The EGADS Hall

15 Lluís Martí Magro 68th JPS annual meeting 11th September, 2012

15 m3 tank and pre-treatment

Gadolinium removal system

Water system

New New AJ4400July 11th

Flushing system13th August

16 Lluís Martí Magro 68th JPS annual meeting 11th September, 2012

New run (20th July)

Gadolinium sulfate concentrationC

on

cen

trat

ion

[p

pm

]

NF1-R reduced from 12L → 9L (19th April)

Pump 4 off (2nd May)

01/01/2012 31/01/2012 01/03/2012 31/03/2012 30/04/2012 30/05/2012 29/06/2012 29/07/2012 28/08/20120

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

Gadolinium Sulfate Concentration in 15 ton tank Run 2 Run 3

NF1-R reduced from 12L → 9L (19th April)

Pump 4 off (2nd May)

Sampling date

We can keep the Gd concentration constant !

Summary

Hollow cathode lamp

Step 1: the EGADS main water system is able to reach and maintain SK pure water quality level

Step 2: after adding Gd, the water system can obtain and maintain a high pure water quality level (see Yano-san's talk) while keeping Gd

→ New AJ4400 resin installed in the main water system → Membrane flushing system upgraded

Step 3: soon we will start the circulation of Gd loaded water though the 200 ton tank

Preparations for the next steps are well advanced: PMT pre-calibration and installation, DAQ system, etc (see Mori-san and Yamaguchi-san's talks!)

Lluís Martí Magro 68th JPS annual meeting 11th September, 2012

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Done!

Done!

Hollow cathode lamp

BACKUP

The EGADS main water system reached SK level pure water

Transparency (pure water, step1)

Lluís Martí Magro 68th JPS annual meeting 11th September, 2012

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Hollow cathode lamp

BACKUP