Post on 06-Jan-2016
description
Summer Course on Social Innovation
Universidad Nacional de Colombia
San AndrésJuly 15th – 26th, 2013
Lectures and group work exercises in Modules 1 and 2 (first week)
Josef Hochgerner Dmitri DomanskiZentrum für Soziale Innovation Sozialforschungsstelle DortmundZSI sfs
Summer School on Social InnovationOverview of topics – first week
Module 1: Concepts and current perspectives on social innovationDay 1: Definitions and concepts of social innovationoThe broader view of innovationoAnalysis on normative attribution of the „social“ to innovationoThe inter-relatedness of [social] innovation and [social] changeoAreas and objectives of social innovationoFinding project ideas and potential cases for further elaboration
Day 2: The making of social innovation
Day 3: Perspectives of social innovation
Module 2: Sucessful experiences in social innovation from abroadDay 4: Tools and instruments enabling and supporting social innovation
Day 5: From Europe to Latin America
Day 1
o What is innovation for you?
o What is social innovation for you?
o What do you expect from the course?
Three questions
Day 1 Exercise # 1
The new innovation paradigm
An introduction to the broader scope of the Social Innovation Summer Course
Day 1
Basic assumption:
The transition from an industrial to a knowledge and services-based society corresponds with a paradigm shift of the innovation system.
This paradigm shift also implies an increasing importance of social innovation as compared to technological innovation.
Day 1
“The tracks of international research on innovation demonstrate that the technology-oriented paradigm – shaped by the industrial society – does not cover the broad range of innovations indispensable in the transition from an industrial to a knowledge and services-based society: Such fundamental societal changes require the inclusion of social innovations in a paradigm shift of the innovation system.” From the “Vienna Declaration: The most relevant topics in social innovation research”, 2011Information online: www.socialinnovation2011.eu
Day 1
Main characteristics of the new innovation paradigm
o Co-ordination and mediation between various different groups of stakeholders who are involved in innovation activities
o Interdisciplinarity, heterogeneity and reflexivity of the processes of creation
o Emphasis on historical, cultural and organizational preconditions
o Increased involvement of users/citizens in processes of “co-development”
Cf. “The New Nature of Innovation” (OECD Publication 2010)https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/socialinnovationeurope/magazine/context/articles-reports/new-nature-
innovation-four-drivers-innovation
Day 1
from “A New Nature of Innovation”, J. Rosted: http://www.oecd.org/sti/inno/43730198.pdf
Day 1
Social innovation within the new innovation paradigm
o New processes (co-operation and communication)
o New contents (topics and foci)
o New goals (creation of social values instead of or besides economic values)
Day 1
Social change, development,crisis and ‚Grand Challenges‘:
Resources and solutionsEvolution of Brains
InnovativeTechnologies
Why SOCIAL Innovation ?
Social Innovations
>> Cultural EvolutionCollaborative intelligence & intelligent collaboration
Day 1
Neither one big innovation, nor a series of innovations only. » » » We observe manifestations of powerful socio-technical
systems, enabled by a particular culture of innovation
Innovations expand the range of human action ...
Earth rise from moon orbit, December 24, 1968
A walk in the sunshine, July 21, 1969
When the tide of innovation comes in ...
... and thus create spectacular achievements:
„Sputnik shock“ in the U.S. → and the vision thereafter
The culture of innovation will change according to societal transition in its fundamental „sediments“:1. The tec.-material surface2. The power structures3. Patterns of individual & social communication4. Frames of reference, incl. mores, myths & rites5. The emotional balance in society (hope vs. fear, empathy vs. hatred etc.)
Day 1
WHY SOCIAL INNOVATION NOW ?Th
e m
ost f
amou
s st
eam
eng
ine
- Opti
mis
ed b
y Ja
mes
watt
, 177
6
„Hum
ans
by D
esig
n“:
Opti
mis
ation
in th
e 2
1st c
.?
„Bra
ve N
ew W
orld
“:O
ptim
isati
on o
f hum
an b
evai
our i
n so
cial
sys
tem
s –
20th
cen
tury
Innovations embedded in social change
Acceleration ‚speed kills‘
Pressures
„Work-Life Balance“
Work-load
Weak ties in social relations: ‚Flexibility‘
Standardisation
Day 1
Innovations are „changes or novelties of rites, techniques, customs, manners and mores.“
Horace Kallen, 1932: Innovation, in: Encyklopedia of the Social Sciences; Vol. 8; pp. 58ff.
****
Approaching the social dimensions of innovation
“Innovation is not just an economic mechanism or a technical process. It is above all a social phenomenon.
Through it, individuals and societies express their creativity, needs and desires. By its purpose, its effects or its methods, innovation is thus intimately involved in the
social conditions in which it is produced.”
European Commission, 1995: Green Paper on Innovationhttp://europa.eu/documents/comm/green_papers/pdf/com95_688_en.pdf
ALL INNOVATIONS ARE SOCIALLY RELEVANTDay 1
„Social innovations are new practices for resolving societal challenges,
which are adopted and utilized by the individuals, social groups and organizations concerned.“
An analytical definition of „Social Innovation“ *)
*) Zentrum für Soziale Innovation, 2012:„All innovations are socially relevant“ ZSI-Discussion Paper 13, p. 2: www.zsi.at/dp
THE CONCEPT OF SOCIAL INNOVATION
... deliberately different to: „Social innovations are innovations that are social both in their ends and their means.“ (cf. Geoff Mulgan, EC)
Distinction between idea and implementation: an idea becomes an innovation in the process of social implementation – it changes and improves social practices
... with reference to Schumpeter: They are
»New combinations of social practices«
Day 1
Area of societal development
Examples of social innovationsOld / historic / previous New / current / future
Science, education and training
Work, employment and the economy
Technologies, machinery
Democracy, politics and justice
Social and health care systems
Universities; compulsory education; Kindergarden; pedagog. concepts e.g. Montessori ...
Trade unions; Chambers of commerce/labour; Taylorism; Fordism; self service
Norms and standardisation; mechanisation of house keeping; traffic rules; drivers licence
‘Attic democracy’; the state as a juristic person; general elections
Social security; retirement schemes, welfare state
Technology enhanced learning; ‘micro-learning’, Web 2.0; Wikipedia; ‘science mode 2’
Flextime wage records; CSR; social entrepreneurship; diversity mgmt.; collaborative consumption
Open source movement (com-munities); self constructed solar panels; decentralized energy prod.
Citizens participation; 3rd sector; equal rights; gender mainstreaming
Reforms of financing and access to welfare (e.g. ‘birth right portfolio’)
Day 1
Social innovations & social changeDay 1
Settings and frames ofculture and social change
Innovations targeting social issues, both formally regulated
and informal
Innovations targeting economic issues, both technology based and
non-technical
… are part of social change,and emerge from culture
INNOVATIONS, INCLUDING SOCIAL INNOVATIONS,
Social change: „The procedural transformation of the structure and basic institutions of society, its cultural patterns, associated social acts, behaviour and consciousness “ ; my shortened translation from Zapf, W. 2003: Sozialer Wandel, in: Schäfers, B. (Hg.): Grundbegriffe der Soziologie, Opladen, 427-433
Day 1
AREAS AND OBJECTIVES OF SI
Three perspectives to analyse objectives and impact:
o the „social demand“ perspective,
o the „societal challenges“ perspective, and
o the „systemic change“ perspective.
Agnès Hubert et al. (BEPA – Bureau of European Policy Advisors) „Empowering people – driving change. Social Innovation in the European Union.“http://ec.europa.eu/bepa/pdf/publications_pdf/social_innovation.pdf
Day 1
Towards a comprehensive paradigm of innovation
In general, innovations aim o primarily either on economic or on social objectives, o they may be technology-based or not; o in the social sphere they may require formal regulation or not.
Innovations, addressing primarily economic objectives1), includeo products o processes o organisational measures o marketing
Innovations, addressing primarily social objectives2) , includeo roles (of individuals, CSOs, corporate business, and public institutions)o relations (in professional and private environments, networks, collectives)o norms (on different levels, legal requirements)o values (customs, manners, mores, ethics) – ‚powered by‘ frames of reference
1) „Oslo Manual“, OECD/EUROSTAT 2005, re. Schumpeter 1912 2) My extension, 2011
Main types of innovation and of social innovationDay 1
The extended paradigm of innovation:All innovations are relevant across all functional systems of the society*)
*) Functional systems according to Parsons, 1976: Zur Theorie der Sozialsysteme. Opladen: Westdt. Verlag
Eight main types of innovation ...o Productso Processeso Marketingo Organisationo Roleso Relationso Normso Values
... across four functional systems:o Economyo Cultureo Politicso Law
Main types of innovation and of social innovationDay 1
Areas of social innovationWhich areas of social innovation are
particularly interesting for you?
Result: oIdentification of five clusters according to the respective interest of the particpating individuals, now coming together in groups of similar intentoThese clusters provide a basis for further activities in group work and for an assessment of the performance of participants. Moreover, these activities may stimulate further elaboration on the topics in studies, work and professional collaboration in social innovation projects.
Day 2 Exercise # 2
Formation of small groups and „walking out“Taking roles:o One or two person/s = „activator“ with an ambition to innovateo The other persons chose one of the following roles:
Potential beneficiary (representative of a/the target group) Representative of an interest grouping Challenging opponent, taking a different approach due to social
background (culture, country, experience ...) Other stakeholder involved (private or public, NGO ...) Analyst, scientist
Upon return: „fish bowl“Two plus one in a circle: Reporting on results in the form of draft ideas towards the development of „project plans“
Day 2 Exercise # 3
TOPICAL AREAS OF SOCIAL INNOVATIONS
The potential of SICompetencies
of SSH
Measuring,indicators
Value creationec/env/soc Processes of
co-operation
Workplace inno-vation/employment
Innovationin services
Social media & communication
Social inclusionand integration
Participation incombatting poverty
LLL & socially active ageing
Education‘s impact on quality of life
Civil Society
Private sector, businessfirms, social enterprises
Source: „Vienna Declaration“ of the conference „Challenge Social Innovation“, Vienna, Sept, 2011: www.socialinnovation2011.eu – Printed book: H.W. Franz, J. Hochgerner, J. Howaldt, eds., 2012: Challenge Social Innovation. Potentials for Business, Social Entrepreneurship, Welfare and Civil Sociaty. Heidelberg: Springer. 17 other contributions have been published online for free download in the form of „ZSI Discussion Papers“: www.zsi.at/dp
Public sectorThe “Solar System“ of SI …
Day 3
The „4-i process“:o Idea >> What‘s the issue, what could be the solution?
o Intervention >> Conceptualisation, find methods and allies
o Implementation >> Overcoming resistance, stakeholders, life cycle!
o Impact >> Not necessarily ‚good‘, nor for the whole of society
Ideation Intervention Implementation Impact
THE PROCESS DEVELOPMENT OF SIDay 3
European Commission – DG Enterprise and Industry, 2012:Strengthening social innovation in Europe; p. 15Deliverable of Social Innovation Europe:www.socialinnovationeurope.euhttp://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/innovation/files/social-innovation/strengthening-social-innovation_en.pdf
The development and ‚Scaling‘ of SIDay 3
Assignment to work along the „4-i“ and stages (1):
First: Clarify the title of your project (which, of course, can be revised again)
Ideation [„Ideas“] : Write 1 – 3 pages, or more, about ...
o Analysis of the issue you want to help providing a solution for
o Description of the idea (measure, activity, approach) that should lead to the solution
o The group may present more than one idea (alternatives, competing proposals)
Intervention [„Prototyping and piloting“] : Write 1 – 2 pages, or more, about ...
o The key methodology how to start with (first steps)
o The most critical obstacles that must be surmounted
o Who are the most relevant stakeholders, and potential allies among them?
The process of making SI re. YOUR PROJECTDay 3
Implementation [„Implementation“] : Write 1 – 2 pages, or more, about ...
o How to win supporters?
o Efforts and resources required (labour, money, supportive institutions ...)
o Estimated time to accomplishment
Impact [„Scaling“] : Write about one page, or more, about ...
o The best measure of success, potential for replication and scaling
o May unintended or even foreseeable side-effects occur?
o Indirect effects (e.g. for future generations) and balance between benefits and detriments to different social groupings
Finally: Try to assess, how realistic your plan may turn out based on a scale from 1 (very unlikely) to 10 (very likely to succeed), think of your availability and exchange your personal co-ordinates for potential collaboration in future.
Assignment to work along the „4-i“ and stages (2):Day 3
Group work on how to contribute to social innovations regarding the selected project ideas
Method applied: “World Café”
1.From the perspective of your scientific background/discipline: What kind of methods and concepts can you imagine to be supportive to social innovation and social innovators?
2.How should teaching, research and public perception of science change in order to better assist the social innovation processes?
3.Which are the main barriers for social innovations to advance from ideas (‘invention’) to become effective ?
Day 3 Exercise # 4
Jürgen Howaldt and Michael Schwarz, 2010:Social Innovation: Concepts, Research Fields and International Trends.
The first is from 2010 and provides an overview of trends in emerging social innovation concepts and research areas. You can download the whole (slim) book from the internet and dig into the first 37 pages they have big margins - and relatively big fonts ;-) ) : http://www.internationalmonitoring.com/fileadmin/Downloads/Trendstudien/Trends_V2/IMO-MAG%20Howaldt_final_mit_cover.pdf
Josef Hochgerner, 2011:The Analysis of Social Innovation as Social Practice.The second one is from 2011 and a bit more theoretical - a book chapter of mine that has been published in a shortened version in the USA.
Important reading – for free download, as indicated, or in the dropbox:
# 1
# 1
Day 4
The third one, from 2012, is again from more or less the same 'laboratory' like the previous two, as it is the introduction (a few pages) to a reader on social innovation, which was published as a follow-up to the major research conference on social innovation that took place in September 2011 in Vienna (with some 370 participants from all over the world). Concerning the conference you may visit the website www.socialinnovation2011.eu to find more about details and conclusions from the conference. Moreover, a number of papers presented at the conference have been published as "ZSI Discussion Papers" (numbers 14-31), of which Nr. 25 is by Nicolás Monge who will be with you in the second week of the Summer School. His paper is titled "Social Sciences, Social Innovation and Public Policy. Universities as agents of change" and can be found at www.zsi.at/dp
# 1
Day 4
Hubert, Agnès et al., 2010. Empowering people – driving change. Social innovation in the European Union. This is the so-called BEPA-report. Available for free download: http://ec.europa.eu/bepa/pdf/publications_pdf/social_innovation.pdf(in particular: pp. 24-30, 81-95)
Murray, Robin et al., 2010. The Open Book of Social Innovation.http://www.nesta.org.uk/library/documents/Social_Innovator_020310.pdf(in particular p. 142 ff.; recommended: scan through to find suitable examples to learn from for your case, and identify methods supporting it)
Kahle, Hanna Nari and Holger Ernst, 2012. The Firm Value of Social Innovations in Base of the Pyramid Markets.Free download: https://www.zsi.at/en/object/publication/2190 (or via www.zsi.at/dp)
# 2
# 2
Day 4
Westley, Frances and Antadze, Nino, 2010. Making a Difference. Strategies for Scaling Innovation for Greater Impact. In: The Innovation Journal: The Public Sector Innovation Journal, Vol. 15(2). Free download: http://www.innovation.cc/scholarly-style/westley2antadze2make_difference_final.pdf(cf. in particular p. 8ff.)
Social Venturing, by Robin Murray (co-founder and later chairman of Fairtrade), Julie Caulier-Grice and Geoff Mulgan, 2009, London: The Young Foundation & NESTAonline: http://youngfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Social-Venturing.pdf
Includes chapters on how to design, develop and grow social innovation in 4 sections:1 The Process of Venture Formation (starting with 'Business models')2 Ownership and Governance3 Raising the Finance4 Culture, Knowledge and Relational Capital
# 2
Day 4
Pay for Success: Investing in what Works. 2012, Washington D.C.: The White House & Nonprofit Finance Fundhttp://payforsuccess.org/sites/default/files/pay_for_success_report_2012.pdf
"Pay for Success" is about governments buying social services from service providers, paying on delivery of agreed and determined success. In that, it obviously is a tricky task to define what exactly counts as success (and what is accountable)...
There is an article on that issue by Donald Haider & Franz Wohlgezogen: "Change Comes at a Cost", in Stanford Social Innovation Review, Winter 2012. Vol. 10, #1, pp.66-71.Scanned pdf in the dropbox.
Further to that: Good reading about inter-linkages between the public, the private economy, and what is called the "social economy": Social Economy and Social Entrepreneurship. Social Europe Guide, Vol. 4, European Union 2013. Available for free download at http://ec.europa.eu/social/main.jsp?catId=738&langId=en&pubId=7523
Day 4
Social innovation is not ...oonly a „more of the same“ rationale to deploy innovation in favour of competitivenessothe remedy to any kind of problem that has not yet been solved by traditional means (such as usual RTDI – Research, Technology and Innovation policies)o simply there to compensate so-called ‚market failures‘ or ‚inefficient public services‘o sufficiently conceptualized by the famous claim of ‚making more of less‘ (in view of SI as a necessity just because of ‚indispensable‘ austerity measures)
AVOID MIS-CONCEPTIONS !!Day 4
… of social innovation in science, politics, business, and in civil society
Institute of Social InventionLondon, 1985
‚CRISES‘, CanadaU. Of Quebec, 1988
Centre for Social InnovationVienna, 1990
Social Innovation Ltd.Dortmund, 1994
Center for Social InnovationStanford U., 2000
... more CSI‘s:2004 onwardse.g. Canada, NL, AUS, NZ, COL ...
European Social AgendaEC, 2008
Business Panel: Futureof Innov. EC, 2009
BEPA ReportEC, 2010
Flagship Innovation UnionEC, 2010
Theo
retic
al p
recu
rsor
s
(e.g
.)
Emerging organisations in
science
and praxis
National policies and strategy RTDI-Programmes 2010 ff
>Social Innovation Europe<EC, 2011
Research: FP7EC, 2011 Horizon 2020►
Schumpeter, 1912
William Ogburn, 1922‚Cultural lag‘
Horace Kallen, 1932
Stuart Conger, 1974‚Social Invention‘
SozialMarie, AT Award f SI - 2005
Office of Social InnovationWhite House 2009
Asian SI AwardHong Kong 2011
UN Off. of Partnerships:Global Summit-2012
Insti
tutio
nal /
pol
icy
supp
ort o
n EU
& n
ation
al le
vels
UN: CEPAL: Awardf Soc. Exp. , 2004
SINNERGIAK
Day 4 The increasing acknowledgement ...
Social Innovation Centres
Social Innovation Summer Course
Centre for Social Innovation Toronto, Canada
Who?o A social enterprise, founded 2004
What?o Catalizing social innovation in Toronto and around the world acting as a venture capitalist for social change.o Comprehends itself as “an engine for impact”, which goes beyond the mere functions of an incubator for projects. http://www.citizencapitalism.com/wp-
content/uploads/2010/09/explosion-squiggle-white-back.jpg
Centre for Social Innovation, TorontoHow?o Provides strategic advice, full-on management and back-end administrative services.
Projects (amongst others):o Wildfire: social entrepreneurship among youtho Ontario Nonprofit Networko STEPS: artivism
Models:o Community bonds o Constellation model of governanceo Shared spaces
http://socialinnovation.ca
Tilburg Social Innovation Lab Netherlands
Who?o Four Universities from the area of Tilburg, founded 2011.
What?o Joining forces to make a visible contribution to the development of the region Brabant as the Region for Social Innovation.o A “do-tank” in which methods and innovations are generated.
How?o Involving regional stakeholders o Providing suitable interdisciplinary knowledge
http://behance.vo.llnwd.net/profiles5/157781/projects/2031587/641c6a625419af174c6d6fc696e147e7.jpg
Programs/Projects:oSocial Innovation Initiatives
Initiating the process of social innovation by the following phases: Phase 0: Problem findingPhase 1: “Blue Sky Session” (brainstorming forum) Phase 2: Explorer teamsPhase 3: Test teams/living lab
oSocial Innovation DialoguesPromoting a continuous dialogue and interaction between knowledge institutions and society (entrepreneurs, administrators, the general public).
oSocial EntrepreneurshipEstablishing a cooperation with the Brabant Centre for Entrepreneurship to enforce SE.
www.tilburguniversity.edu/about-tilburg-university/partnerships/tilburg-social-innovation-lab/
ANSPE - Colombia’s National Agency to Overcome Extreme Poverty
Who?oA governmental institution, based in Bogotá, in partnership with local authorities, government institutions, social organizations and private sector.
What?oSupporting and encouraging Colombia’s most vulnerable families to overcome poverty and exclusion.oEnabling people who live in poverty to generate innovative, pertinent, sustainable and scalable solutions to improve their quality of life.oCriteria for social innovation projects: scalable, sustainable and replicable. http://pueblonuevocordoba.gov.co/apc-aa
files/36633366373530653132303 32343466/anspe.png
ANSPE - Colombia’s National Agency to Overcome Extreme Poverty
How?Red Unidos (Governmental Strategy to overcome poverty) consists of three strategic lines:oDevelop and finance social innovation projects using Public-Private Partnerships.oStrengthen promotion, diffusion and Knowledge Management of Social Innovation as a strategy to overcome extreme poverty.oGenerate a favorable environment for social innovation to overcome extreme poverty.
http://www.anspe.gov.co
The Australian Centre for Social Innovation TACSI
Who?oA trust seen as a laboratory, based in Adelaide.oFounded 2009, with financial help of the South Australian government.
What?oKey focus areas are: families, ageing and caring and Indigenous Australians.oSupporting Social Innovations that tackle Australia’s tough social challenges, like family breakdown, child abuse, career stress, chronic disease and social inequality.
www.tacsi.org.au/tp://www.tacsi.org.au
The Australian Centre for Social Innovation (TACSI)How?oLaboratory that develops new solutions.oEstablishing tested solutions all over Australia.
Methods:oCo-design: All projects are co-designed that means solutions are created together by a team of experts from mixed disciplines: design, social science, business and community development and the people of the context.
Project:Aboriginal Families: Research on how to overcome poverty and social problems, developing new help-programs in cooperation with the affected families.
www.tacsi.org.au/co-design/our-approach/
Eutokia Social Innovation Center Bilbao, Spain
Who?oPrivate-public collaboration, initiated by the Basque government, cooperation with different organisations and agents of the social innovation sector.oFounded 2010
What?oSupporting new ideas that have a social impact.oFacilitating creative space.
http://eutokia.org/
Eutokia Social Innovation Center (Bilbao)
How?Providing: oWorkspace with infrastructure for projects oEducation about social innovationoInformation about projects oContacts between persons and organisations oMonitoring of projects or potential projectsoConsultation hours
Project:Escuela de Liderazgo: learning center for social innovations
Social Innovation Park – Bilbao, Spain
Who?oCollaboration between government and private institutions, based in Bilbao.oFounded 2010
What?oIdentifying emerging social tendencies .oTraining disadvantaged groups to lead new initiatives.oSupporting ideas for Social Innovation.oCreating new enterprises.oEducation to spread new tendencies and ideas.
https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/socialinnovationeurope/directory/organisation/denokinn
How?Creating a „Social Silicon Valley“ with different laboratories:oCreative Laboratory: Developing new projects.oPrototype Laboratory: Building rapidly prototypes to test them.oLearning Laboratory: Enabling people to respond societie‘s needs.oEntrepreneurship Laboratory: Designing new concepts for business.
http://www.denokinn.eu/denokinn/index.asp
Centre for Social Innovation Auckland, New Zealand
Who?oCharitable trust supported by corporate, philanthropic and government partners.
What?oEnforcing Social Innovation to overcome social problems in New Zealand.oBringing together different stakeholders from government, business and community.
http://nzcsi.org/Default.aspx
Centre for Social Innovation (Auckland)
How?The Centre providesoSpace where social innovators can collaborate, share and find support.oDeep dive, exchange about Social Innovations, support for social entrepreneurs.oLearning resources, like interviews and literature.
To generate transformational outcomes they recognise a four stage process: 1. Understanding and framing of the problem.2. Generating solutions.3. Developing and testing the new solution.4. Scaling up.
Project:oSocial Entrepreneurs School: Supporting early-stage social entrepreneurs
Social Innovation Initiative New York, USA
Who?oThe New School (a university), partnerships with different higher education institutions and private companies.oFounded 2011
What?oEnhancing the capacity of individuals, communities, and organizations to devise effective, just and sustainable solutions to social and environmental problems.
http://b.vimeocdn.com/ps/137/591/1375919_300.jpg
How?oWorkshops and conferencesoInnovation competitions
Projects:Different „labs“: e.g.:oPetLab (Prototyping, Evaluation, Teaching and Learning lab) develops games and interactive media that encourage experimental learning and investigation of social and global issues.oDREAM:In: 101 students from India asking rural and urban people about their ideas of a better India.oWorking with people: fostering critical conversations about „civic engagement“ and and the pedagogy and politics of teaching “with communities“.
http://www.newschool.edu/social-innovation/about/
Office of Social Innovation and Civic Participation Washington, D.C., USA
Who?oFounded 2009, office of the Obama administrationWhat?oPromoting service as a solution and a way to develop community leadership.oIncreasing investment in innovative community solutions that demonstrate results. oDeveloping new models of partnership.How?oPartnership between government and non-profits, foundations, philanthorpists, private organizations, academia, and all levels of government. www.whitehouse.gov/administration/eop/sicp
Principles:oDo More With Less: Partnerships must enhance Federal resources in a targeted manner, which is increasingly important as the Administration confronts large budget deficits and spending freezes.oBuild Upon Others’ Expertise: Take advantage of the core competencies of external stakeholders based on their unique capabilities and skills.oLeverage Collective Action: Partnerships must bring together new coalitions of public and private actors in order to solve problems that cannot be addressed by any single organization or sector alone.oImprove Performance: Partnerships must increase efficiencies and rely on external stakeholders to improve the speed and agility of accomplishing a shared policy objective.oInvolve a Broad Spectrum of Actors: Partnerships must open opportunities for individuals and small and medium-sized organizations across the nation to participate actively in solving national challenges.Projects:oTest4Baby: Weekly SMS for pregnant women and young mothers to provide information about baby-care.oAll for Good: Search tool to find opportunities for volunteer work.oLet´s move: Campaign to help end childhood obesity. E.g. Play Streets
Office of Social Innovation and Civic Participation
ZSI bridges knowledge generation and
knowledge application,to reduce gaps between
social needs and technically increased economic
capacities of the knowledge society.
Day 4 THE CASE OF ZSI – ZENTRUM FÜR SOZIALE INNOVATION
Zentrum für Soziale Innovation * Centre for Social Innovation * Vienna
ZSI - BASIC FACTSLegal status Private Non-Profit research organisation, established 1990Self-governed association, no external board; no base funding
Revenues: ≈ 4 mio. € in the years 2009 - 2012 – Staff: ≈60 (currently ≈ 46 FTE – „Full Time Equiv.“)
Clients are ministries, municipalities, EC, OECD, ILO, other public bodies and NGOs
Types of projects include research, education and training, coordination of networks, advisory services to public institutions (in Austria, EU and beyond)
Key areas of activities (at the same time: organisational units):o Work and Equal Opportunitieso Research Policy and Developmento Technology and Knowledge
Executive Board:o Scientific Director, Business Director, Three Heads of Unit
Day 4
ORGANISATIONAL CHART
Day 4
THE ZSI „RESEARCH – APPLICATION – SLALOM“
Years Knowledge implementation: Practices Knowledge generation: Research Knowledge diffusion: Education
Research
Research
Education schools, univ.
Consulting
Consulting, networking Research
Research
Education, vocational
training
Public relations, PUS
„Ownership“
„Ownership“
„Ownership“
START: Identify a topic („knowledge gap“), e.g. „Ethnic Economies“
20
12
20
06
2
00
0
19
94
Foundations Civil Soc./NGOs Public Authorities Intermediaries
Advisory services
Types of clients:
Project- and Programme-Monitoring, (Self-)Evaluation, Impact Analysis
Monitoring / Evaluation / Impact Analysis
Coordination of networks
Day 4
Research
The classic notion of science in the Industrial Society „Science, Mode 1“ *) – Self-determined scientific creation of knowledge Ideas, theories, methods, norms, codified in disciplines Organised and regulated by standards within the disciplines „Powered by“ and under control of scientific communities Discoveries preceed development and implementation
Science in the knowledge based Information Society „Science, Mode 2“ *) – Mission-oriented production of knowledge Problem driven research across disciplines and professions beyond science Decreasing control of scientific communities concerning RTDI-processes Increasing relevance of stakeholders and users (science-society inter-relation) Practitioners and other professional experts become involved (open innovation)
_________ *) Michael Gibbons, Helga Nowotny et al., 1994: The New Production of Knowledge. The Dynamics of Science and Research in Contemporary Societies; Sage, London
Innovation in science and research moving towards trans-disciplinarity
Day 4
Austrian research organisations with more than five successful applications
So
urc
e:
ZSI–Success in the 7th Framework Program for RTDI Day 4
A network of scholars (umbrella organisation): Educators, promotors and researchers in social innovationLegal status: Association, according to Austrian Law (established 2011)
Members: Individuals (physical persons) and institutions (legal persons)
Registered office: ZSI – Centre for Social Innovation, Vienna
Executive Board: Josef Hochgerner/ZSI, Vienna, Hans-Werner Franz, Dortmund, Alfonso J. Unceta Satrustegui/SINNERGIAK, San Sebastian
Activities: Education & Training (e.g. M.A. SI, Summer Schools ...), Provision of Online Learning / MOOC‘sConferences, media, p.r. and promotion of social innovation (e.g. in/via EC)Research: Development of methodologies, indicators towards an ‚Oslo Manual‘ for S.I.Next milestones: Institutional membership of universities, presentation Oct. 24, 2013, Vienna
SOCIAL INNOVATION ACROSS BORDERSDay 4
Master of Arts in Social Innovation
Danube University Krems, AustriaDepartment of Interactive Media and Technologies for Education– Centre of Interactive Media
Launch MASI 1: 23. 4. 2013Launch MASI 2: 2. 12. 2013
Information:
www.donau-uni.ac.at/masi
Day 4
Scientific foundations in social scienceoProcesses of societal transitionoEconomic dominance and change
Innovation theory and overview of innovation researchoInnovation systemsoMeasuring innovationoTheories & research concerning social innovation
Development and implementa-tion of social innovationsoGenerating ideasoProcessing conceptsoRealisation of social innovations
Core competencies acqu.:oTo consult & monitor SI oTo develop & implement SIoFin. control & managementoEvaluation and impact assessment of SI
Improving scientific skillsoDistinct frames – equal levelsoResearch methodologiesoEpistemology, science theoryoScientific writing & publishing
Managing social innovationoin the public sectoroin the private business sectoroin the sector of civil society
www.donau-uni.ac.at
Modules providing competencies in science and practice
Master of Arts in Social Innovation
Department of Interactive Media and Technologies for Education, Centre of Interactive Media
Danube University Krems. The University of Continueing EducationZentrum für Soziale Innovation
Day 4
Inequality, health care and other social services
PROMOTING SOCIAL INNOVATIONSozialMarie: The Austrian Award for successful Social InnovationsEligible for submission are projects of the: social economy (civil society initiatives, NPOs/ NGOs, associations) public sector, administrations private sector, businesses Applications since 2004: almost 25001st prize: € 15,0002nd prize: € 10,0003rd prize: € 5,000Total prize money awarded (to a number of 120 awardees): € 336,000.--
Day 4
For a different approach re. funding and stimulating ideas cf. „The European Social Innovation Competition“ at
http://socialinnovationcompetition.eu/
HOW TO IDENTIFY SOCIAL INNOVATIONS ?
Evaluation criteria, applied by „SozialMarie“ – Award for Social Innovation in Austria and neighbouring countries:
o Idea >> Novelty in absolute terms or in new environs
o Intervention >> Involvement of the target group(s)
o Implementation >> Effectiveness after acceptance
o Impact >> Replicability (potential to serve as a model)
Main types of social innovations = New practices assuming enduring shape as either totally new or modified roles, relations, norms, values.
Equivalent to the main types products, processes, marketing and organisational innovations; re. ‚Oslo Manual‘, OECD 2005; http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/cache/ITY_PUBLIC/OSLO/EN/OSLO-EN.PDF
Day 4
Social innovations in real life – examplesPublic body: Municipality of Kapfenberg (AT) – „Future for all“
– Idea >> Issue poverty – social assistance without stigmatisation– Intervention >> „Activity Card“– Implementation >> Transport, Caritas, Supermarket, Cafe, Sports ...– Impact >> Participation, elevating quality of life and cohesion
Civil society: Nagykaniza (HU) – „Social housing reconstruction camp“– Idea >> Issue: social exclusion, threat of expulsion from homes – Intervention >> Negotiating rent arrears compensation by labour contributed– Implementation >> Contracts, camp and co-ordination of students, roma, professionals– Impact >> Better houses, cost/energy reduction, empowerment, replication
Private business: Bank (AT) – „2nd Savings Bank“– Idea >> Issue private persons excluded from finacial services, re-inclusion– Intervention >> Collaboration with insolvency advisers and social care NGO– Implementation >> Access to bank account, guidance by the NGO and bank volunteers– Impact >> Learning, inclusions, empowerment, scaling
Day 4
Group work to design strategies for developing a social innovation centre in …othe civil societyothe public sector (by government)oa university (research and promotion concerning SI)othe business sector (considering business models)
RegardingTargets (objectives)Resources Concepts and methods
Stay in your group as established for the „walk out“ & consider strategies towards realizing a SI centre for that (‚your‘) topic!
Exercise # 5Day 4
“THE GREAT TRANSFORMATION”
Karl Polanyi, 1944:Economic processes separate from society, dominate
social relations instead of being regulated to benefit societal needs
Economy
Will there be social innovations tointegrate economy in society?
Society
Society
Economy
Society becomes an annex to the economy and „market forces“
Stress
in socia
l syste
ms
Environ-ment
Humankind owns affluent knowledge & other
resources.However, too little of
existing capacities is used in current practises.
Day 5
Fast growing world population:... there is global economy, yet
no comprehension of what could be ‚world society‘
Stre
ss in
socia
l sys
tem
s
We are living in a multiple unbalanced world …Day 5
Share of national income accounted for by wages(unadjusted)
Share of national income accounted for by wages(adjusted)
Development of labour income share of national income, Austria 1960-2007
The termination of the ‚golden age of capitalism‘ (1)
Stress in
social systems
Day 5
Index of productivity 1959 until 2005 (USA)(1959=100)
Index of hourly compensation of production workers and non-supervisory workers
U.S. Data, Source: Economic Policy Institute
Wages remain static whilst productivity increases, USA 1959-2005
The termination of the ‚golden age of capitalism‘ (2)Day 5
Stress in
social systems
Wealthier society provides less additional welfare
GDP (‚BIP‘) compared to ISEW (Index of Sustainable Economic Welfare)in Austria, 1955 – 1992
Source: Stockhammer et al. 1995
The termination of the ‚golden age of capitalism‘ (3)Day 5S
tres
s in
soc
ial s
yste
ms
„Financialization“ is defined as a „pattern of accumulation in which profit making occurs increasingly through financial channels rather than through
trade and commodity production“Krippner, Greta R., 2004: ‘What is Financialization?’; mimeo, UCLA Department of Sociology, p. 14.
Cf. T. I. Palley, 2007: Financialisation. What it is and why it matters. www.levyinstitute.org/pubs/wp_525.pdf
*) F.-J. Radermacher
“Financialisation“: Making money without real value added Depletion of productive economic resources
The problem behind the challenges*)St
ress
in so
cial
syst
ems
My personal favourite concerning the most needed social innovations of the 21st century:
„Management of abundance“ !
The rise of social innovation in view of austerity measures and declining welfare: ‘Making more of less‘ ?
Day 5
Attempts to escape:Liberalisation of markets Competition among states as location for industries Waiving tax revenues Austerity measures Public expenditure in infrastructure, health, education is considered costs instead of investment: mis-conception of the state as ‚public corporation‘
Inappropriate tax systems
Foundations of taxes as in the industrial society
MNEs pay less taxes than local SMEs
Labour and producing industries taxed too high, finance industries and individual wealth too low
Public sector limitation in the globalised economy of the 21st Century„Nation-states will survive, but not so their sovereignity“ (Manuel Castells, 2003)
Blurring of differences between „domestic“ and „foreign“ policies (Ulrich Beck, 2001)Cross-border challenges: Environment, climate change, business driven globalisation
► Political issues: Liberalisation of markets, de-regulation, flexibilisation ► Sociological issues : Increasing disparity, segmentation, ‚individuation‘ of the self ► Economic issues: Dominance of finance industries as compared to the ‚real economy‘
Day 5
Business
Public sector
Wealthy individuals and
households
Individuals in poverty, poor
households
Re-distributionbottom-up
The three pockets of money circulation
‚real‘ economy
finance industry
Function of the state/public sector:To balance flows between the ‚pockets‘
Day 5
Five pillars of the welfare state
The emergence of social models forming a ‚welfare state‘
Country (examples) Years of initial implementationGermany 1884 1883 1889 1927 1954Austria 1887 1888 1907 1920 1948Sweden 1891 1891 1913 1934 1947United Kingdom 1901 1911 1908 1911 1945Japan 1911 1927 1941 1947 1971USA 1930 1965 1935 1935 1935Social security / in- surances concerning
acci-dents
illness (health prov.)
age (pensions)
unemployment
family care
1 2 3 4 5
Day 5S
ourc
e o
f da
ta:
Sch
mid
, Jo
sef,
200
2: W
ohlfa
hrts
staa
ten
im
Ver
gle
ich.
Opl
aden
: Le
ske+
Bud
rich.
First country: Germany Germany Germany France New Zeal.
?Bismarck‘s social policy reforms
19281905
The ‚CULTURAL LEARNING CYCLE‘
Cultural patterns and values
‚powered by‘ frames of reference [„shifting baselines“] *)
PerceptionsPerceptions
Information
Opinions, attitudes
*) cf. Sáenz-Arroyo et al. 2005: Rapidly Shifting Environmental Baselines Among Fishers in the Gulf of California
Knowledge,awareness
„environs“: media, societal institutions, networks, peer groups ....
Roles
Activated values
Norms
Relations
New
pra
ctice
s =
soci
al in
nova
tions
Behaviour, social action & potential of change
Day 5
Turning knowledge into action
Concepts Competencies Capacities Levers
Data
Information
Knowledge
Wisdom
Abstraction
Pattern recognition
Linear thinking
Lateral thinking
Documentation, order and analysis
Attributions, contradictions
Intelligence,empathy potential
Creativity,consensus
Facts & figures
Foresight,scenarios
Strategies, conventions
Collaborative actionand new practices
Resources of social innovations driving socio-cultural changes
Cogn
ition
THE „STAIRWAY TO COGNITION“Day 5
What can we learn from each other concerning social innovation?
(e.g., from examples, methodology, theory ... )
Results: clustered and discussed
Exercise # 5Day 5
Prof. Dr. Josef Hochgerner
Centre for Social InnovationLinke Wienzeile 246
A - 1150 Vienna
Tel. ++43.1.4950442Fax. ++43.1.4950442-40
email: hochgerner@zsi.athttp://www.zsi.at
Dmitri Domanski, M.A.