Study GuideChapter 5The Constitution

What is a group of people from each state who elect the President called? Electoral College

What political party supported the constitution and a powerful central government? Federalist

What political party opposed the constitution and feared a powerful central government?

Antifederalist

Who led Shays’ Rebellion? Daniel Shays

What plan was drafted by James Madison?

Virginia Plan

Which type of government has officials elected by the people?

Republic

What is the Northwest Territory? Land north of the Ohio River and west of

Pennsylvania

What is federalism? System in which state and national

governments share power

Who was the leader of the Continental Congress when the first constitution was written?

John Dickinson

Separation of powers- Different branches of

government have different responsibilities

Great Compromise Compromise regarding state representation in

Congress.

Which politician wanted a system of government similar to England?

Alexander Hamilton

Explain the difference between Unicameral and Bicameral.

Unicameral- one house legislature (NJ)

Bicameral- two house legislature (VA)

Under the Articles of Confederation, who chose the members of Congress?

State Legislatures

How could a small state have equal representation under the Articles of Confederation? Each state got only 1

vote

Northwest Ordinance- Provided a plan for governing the NW Territory

Land Ordinance of 1785- Provided a plan for distributing western lands

What was the purpose of the Constitutional Convention?

To revise the Articles of Confederation

VA Plan gave power to the Central or Federal government

NJ Plan gave power to the States

Which compromise gave more power to slaveholders?

3/5 Compromise

Checks and Balances System the prevent any one branch of

government from becoming too powerful.

Bill of Rights First 10 Amendments

Protects individual liberties.

Name and describe two weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation.

1. Congress had no power to tax the states. U.S. had to repay debts to Britain, France, and

veterans of the American Revolution

2. Congress couldn’t regulate international trade. Britain flooded the American market with cheap

goods and American businesses couldn’t compete

Compare the NJ and VA plans. NJ Plan:

Written by William Patterson Unicameral legislature No one president Power given to the states

VA Plan: Written by James Madison Bicameral legislature Powerful Executive Power given to the federal government