Transcript of Stuart Dynasty (1603-1714)—attempted to enforce “royal absolutism”; crypto-Catholic 1.James I...
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- Stuart Dynasty (1603-1714)attempted to enforce royal
absolutism; crypto-Catholic 1.James I (1603-1625) 2.Charles I
(1625-1649)son of James I 3. Civil War (1642-51) and The
Interregnum (1649-1660) 4. Charles II (1660-1685)elder son of
Charles I 5. James II (1685-1688)younger son of Charles I 6. The
Glorious Revolution, 1688 7. William (1689-1702) and Mary
(1689-1694) 8. Anne (1702-1714)
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- James I (b. 1566, r. 1566/1603-1625) 1. Great great grandson of
Henry VII through Henry VIIIs elder sister, Margaret Tudor; son of
Mary Stuart and Lord Darnley (both g.g. of Henry VII) Mother
executed in 1587 for plot against Crown 2. Feared both Puritans and
Recusants 3. Tried to rule without parliament and avoid foreign
adventures 4. Daemonologie, 1597; True Law of Free Monarchies,
1598; King James Bible, 1611
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- Era of Colonial Expansion 1.Agra, 1602 2.Virginia, 1607 (trade
and profit) 3.Bermuda, 1609 4.Plymouth, 1620 (rel. freedom) 5.St.
Kitts, 1624 6.Barbados, 1627 7.New York, 1626 (trade and profit)
8.Nevis, Barbuda 1628 9.Mass. Bay, 1630 (rel. freedom, 18,000, by
1642) 10.New Hampshire, 1630 (Pur. Harshness) 11.Antigua, 1632
12.Maryland, 1634 (rel. freedomfor Catholics) 13.Connecticut, 1636
(rel. and econ. Freedom) 14.Rhode Island, 1636 (religious freedom
15.Delaware, 1638 (orign. Swedish; trade and profit) 16.Belize,
1638 17.North Caroline, 1653 (trde and profits) 18.Jamaica, 1655
19.Bombay, 1661 20.Bahamas, 1666 21.Ruperts Land, 1670 22.Accra,
Gambia, Sierra Leone, 1676 23.Calcutta, 1690
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- Charles I (1625-1649) 1.Son of James I; married sister of Louis
XIII 2.Petition of Right (1628)forced to affirm habeas corpus,
right of parliament to tax, no martial law in times of peace, no
billeting of troops 3.Eleven Years Tyranny: uspended parliament in
1629 attempted to collect taxes (feudal dues, ship money) 4.Laud
(Arch. Canterbury from 1633-45) beauty of holiness; feast the eye
rather than tire the ear
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- Civil Wars, 1642-46, 1648-51 Gentry and Puritans draw closer
for Revolution (1640-1660) demand rights (consultation on taxation,
trial by jury, habeas corpus) in return for funds for Scottish war
(to impose bishops on the Scottish church Two factions emerge:
Anglicansloyal to C. of E. and Prayerbook; desire to curb excessive
power of bishops; generally loyal Puritansabolish episcopacy, root
and branch Civil War (1642-1649) Oliver Cromwell (1599-1658)
Puritan squire; govt. for the peoples good, not what pleases them
New Model Army (citizens) defeat King and aristocracy Moderate
Republicanism
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