Post on 22-Jan-2018
Strengthening capacities for informed mitigation action planning across Indonesianprovinces
Sonya Dewi and Andree Ekadinata
Land and Forest Governance at Multiple Levels in Supporting Climate-change mitigation:
Lessons learned from the tropics
Indonesia Pavilion, Paris, December 3, 2015
• Assisting provinces in their responsibility to coordinate districts to contribute to national level target of emission reduction from land-based sector (AFOLU) (26%)
• Increasing readiness of local stakeholders to actively engage to further mitigation action (15%)
• Trainings, technical assistances, tool development, data compilation, facilitations, policy discussions, public consultations in mitigation action planning and implementation
• Research institution, academics, development partner, local NGO and institution, national level government, local government, supported by donors
Why, what, who
Capacity strengthening framework
• Integrated, Inclusive, informed LUP
• Participatory M&E• Database
• Financing • Social movement• Smallholders’ engagement
• Policies • Government Planning, M&E• Budget/resource Allocation
Mainstream Support
Imp
lem
en
ting
Ca
pa
city
ACCOUNTABILITY
FAIRNESS AND EFFICIENCY
SUSTAINABILITY, UPSCALE
Science & Knowledge
generation,
Piloting Enabling policy and
institutions
CC Mitigation
Strategic Alliance
LUWES & LUMENS
tools
Low Emission Development
CC AdaptationSustainableLandscape
Green Economy
Communication,
awareness raising,
alignment
Roles and responsibilities of provinces
• Mandated through the Presidential Decree to coordinate the local mitigation action planning, implementation, monitoring, evaluation and reporting to achieve national mitigation target under the leadership of Bappenas
Multilevel Decision Making Processes in Land-Based Sector
Before Law 23/2014 With Law 23/2014
P
I
M
Planning
Implementation
Monitoring
Deciding
Supervising but
not deciding
Land based sector activity
Forestry Agriculture Mining
District Government
Province Government
National Government
P I M
P
MP
M
Land based sector activity
Forestry Agriculture Mining
District Government
Province Government
National Goverment
P
MP
MI
P I M
• There are no common responsibility between national, province and district governments
• All decisions on P-I-M in land-based sector are under district government
• Province government coordinates, supervises and provides recommendations to the district
• Common but differentiated responsibility between national, province and district
• Decision makings on P-I-M are shared between district, provincial and national government
• Forestry and mining are under province government. Agriculture is under district government
How• Integrative, inclusive and informed planning
toward implementation under enabling policy and institutions
• Two level of engagements:I. All (34) provinces to have strengthened capacities in
informed land-based mitigation action planning
II. Five provinces with various development and forest transition stages of Indonesia with integrative, inclusive and informed planning capacities
I. All province to have informed planning and plan
• Make available LUMENS (Land-Use Planning for Multiple Environmental Services) framework and tool. LUMENS is endorsed by Bappenas for province-level planning;
• Under the National Land-based sector Working Group (MoEF, MoA, Bappenas, ICRAF, GIZ) compile best available spatialand other data from line ministries and province government, train, provide technical assistance;
• Contribute to assist and review documents submitted to the National level secretariat;
• Assist in the Monitoring, Evaluation and Reporting design and process of RAD-GRK;
Projected Emission reduction
Reference Emission Level
2000 2010 2020
Mt/
y
Projected Emission with Mitigation
Past emission during base period:
- Source of emissions and shares:
activities, areas/planning units
(what, where, how much, how
important)
- Driving factors
Historic Emission
Future BAU scenario:
- Source of emissions and shares:
activities, areas/planning units
(what, where, how much, how
important)
- Driving factors
Mitigation Scenario:
- Source of emission to be avoided:
activities areas/planning units
(what, where, how much, how
important)
- Driving factors to be addressed
- Enabling conditions needed
Workflow of mitigation action planning
Lessons Learnt
• Entry point of applying a technical tool is effective in raising awareness and understanding of what constitutes land-based emissions, how it happened, where, and scopes to reduce them in the future;
• With a lot of preparation and close collaborations within Land-based sector WG in data compilation, software development, trainers’ capacities, materials and facilitations, three days workshop, training and hands-on session can help trainees from province-level government to work on their own individual provinces using the best available data from the angle of local province’s contexts and circumstances and:– Calculate historic emissions, identify the main sources and where (under what allocation/function/planning
units), and infer the drivers
– Understand the concept of BAU and mitigation scenario and develop Reference Emission Level
– Discuss possible ways to address the drivers and change the trajectory of BAU
– Align with current provincial plan of development, conservation, restoration
– Identify means to achieve
– Calculate the projected emission reduction
• Sets of materials: spatial data (timeseries of landuse/cover maps, planning units), C-stock data of landuse/cover types, tentative technical report (maps, historical and projected emissions, effectiveness table), technical skills and knowledge to be brought home as basis for further discussion with relevant office in each province for refining and finalizing the mitigation action plan
Caveats
• Participants might not be the right individuals from the right institution such that advancing the process is problematic;
• There are a lot of homework ahead that needs strong political will at province level to make it works:
– Alignment with development agenda needs multi-sectoralpolicies; time-lag is an issue;
– Engagement of local stakeholders;
– Financing within and beyond the government budget;
– Institutional setting
Capacity strengthening framework
• Integrated, Inclusive, informed LUP
• Participatory M&E• Database
• Financing • Social movement• Smallholders’ engagement
• Policies • Government Planning, M&E• Budget/resource Allocation
Mainstream Support
Imp
lem
en
ting
Ca
pa
city
ACCOUNTABILITY
FAIRNESS AND EFFICIENCY
SUSTAINABILITY, UPSCALE
Science & Knowledge
generation,
Piloting Enabling policy and
institutions
CC Mitigation
Strategic Alliance
LUWES & LUMENS
tools
Low Emission Development
CC AdaptationSustainableLandscape
Green Economy
Communication,
awareness raising,
alignment
II. Five provinces with integrative, inclusive and
informed mitigation action planning capacities
• Three districts each were selected based on watershed delineation (3 provinces) and ecosystems-social contexts (2 provinces)
• Mirroring the province level capacity strengthening process for informed planning with different communication strategies based on capacity development needs from each district
• Full-fledge of LUMENS framework applied at district and province levels through series of trainings, technical assistance, facilitation of working groups expert networks, alignment-tagging, mainstreaming
• Facilitations of the negotiation process of nesting districts-provinces
Land-Use planning for Multiple Environmental Services (LUMENS) framework• Build common visions and understandings among working groups
of multiple stakeholders • Collect and compile best available relevant dataset: land admin,
plans, land use/cover maps, biophysical, demographic, socio-economics
• Strengthen technical capacities in:– quantifying ecosystem functions– analyzing trade offs between conservation-development– developing options and simulating scenarios– negotiating best scenarios over ex-ante impact analysis– implementation, monitoring and evaluation within the existing policy
framework
• Facilitate and negotiate public consultations and high level discussions to mainstream plans into programs of local government and identify other potential financing mechanisms
• Support policy processes at the local and national levels
Capacity strengthening framework
• Integrated, Inclusive, informed LUP
• Participatory M&E• Database
• Financing • Social movement• Smallholders’ engagement
• Policies • Government Planning, M&E• Budget/resource Allocation
Mainstream Support
Imp
lem
en
ting
Ca
pa
city
ACCOUNTABILITY
FAIRNESS AND EFFICIENCY
SUSTAINABILITY, UPSCALE
Science & Knowledge
generation,
Piloting Enabling policy and
institutions
CC Mitigation
Strategic Alliance
LUWES & LUMENS
tools
Low Emission Development
CC AdaptationSustainableLandscape
Green Economy
Communication,
awareness raising,
alignment
Conclusions • For policies and regulations to be effectively implemented especially
within multiple levels of government, communication strategy, awareness raising, capacity strengthening programs have to be designed with respecting local wisdoms, contexts and aspirations and in alignment with local visions and missions;
• Negotiation capacities, guidelines and processes across multiple levelsare necessary;
• Technical capacities as an entry point to informed planning can lead to policy development and implementation if articulated well and supported by strong political will;
• Integrated landscape approach rather than sectoral approach of forestry vs others should be enforced within sustainable development strategy that embraces CC mitigation, adaptation, equity, growth, ES, restoration, land governance;
• Capacities built in planning and implementing unilateral CC mitigation program should be translated further to develop convincing business models as basis for people-public-private partnerships.
Further readings
• Briefs of mitigation actions of districts
• S Dewi, A Ekadinata, G Galudra, P Agung, F Johana, 2011. LUWES: land use planning for low emission development strategy: selected cases from Indonesia. World Agroforestry Centre, Bogor, Indonesia. http://www.asb.cgiar.org/PDFwebdocs/LUWES%202012%20V1.pdf
• S Dewi, A Ekadinata, D Indiarto, A Nugraha, M van Noordwijk, 2014. Negotiation support tools to enhance multi-funtioning landscapes, in Minang, P. et al (eds). Climate-Smart Landscapes: Multifcuntionality in Practice. World Agroforestry Centre, Nairobi, Kenya
• S Dewi, A Ekadinata, D Indiarto, A Nugraha, M van Noordwijk, 2014. 2014. Land use and environmental services, Indonesia, in Zagt, R. et al (eds) ETFRN News 56, Towards productive landscapes