Post on 01-Apr-2018
1
CEE 102: Prof. Michael G. Littman
Course Administrator: Jack Reilly jpr2@princeton.edu
Computers for NOTETAKING ONLY
Please - NO Cell Phones, texting, email, shopping
Steve Jobs, Bill Gates, and the PC
and
Course Review
Radical Innovation and the Transformation of Daily Life
Noyce and Hoff – 4 bit Microcomputer
2
Components of Innovation
Inventor and Entrepreneur
Intel
4004
Apple I
6502
Macintosh
68000
& TCP / IP
IBM PC
8088
Intel 4004
3 3
Noyce and Hoff – 4 bit Microcomputer
Components of Innovation
Inventor and Entrepreneur
Intel 4004
4 4
Homebrew Computer Club
Silicon Valley 1975
Noyce and Hoff – 4 bit Microcomputer
Components of Innovation
Inventor and Entrepreneur
Intel 4004
Homebrew Computer Club
Silicon Valley 1975 5
Wozniak and Jobs
Apple Computer founded in 1976
(MOS Technology 6502 – 8 bit)
Components of Innovation
Inventor and Entrepreneur
Hewlett - Packard
Ford
Jobs
6
Wozniak and Jobs
Apple Computer founded in 1976
(MOS Technology 6502 – 8 bit)
Components of Innovation
Inventor and Entrepreneur
Aged -
27 11 11
Macintosh 128K – 1984
(Motorola 68000 – 16 bit)
Graphical User Interface
DEMONSTRATION
Bill Gates open letter to
hobbyists – An appeal to stop
stealing software 23 23
Bill Gates and Paul Allen – Micro-Soft
Basic for Altair 8800 in 1975 (Intel 8080)
24
Bill Gates and Paul Allen – MiCROSOFT
MS- DOS for IBM PC in 1981
Bill Gates open letter to
hobbyists – An appeal to stop
stealing software 24
25
IBM Personal Computer
(Intel 8088)
Command Line Interface
DEMONSTRATION
25
Bill Gates and Paul Allen – MiCROSOFT
MS- DOS for IBM PC in 1981
26 26
Bill Gates and Paul Allen – MiCROSOFT
MS- DOS for IBM PC in 1981
8086, 80186, 80286, 80386, 80486 16-bit
Pentium 32-bit and 64-bit
27 27
Key Ideas
Scientific :
Computer on a Chip
Graphical User Interface
Social and Personal :
Computation
Communication
Commerce
Symbolic :
Individual Genius
8086, 80186, 80286, 80386, 80486 16-bit
Pentium 32-bit and 64-bit
28 28
Immigrants
Alexander Graham Bell
Andrew Carnegie
John Von Neumann
Othmar Ammann
Telephone
Key Ideas
Scientific :
Computer on a Chip
Graphical User Interface
Social and Personal :
Computation
Communication
Commerce
Symbolic :
Individual Genius
29
Immigrants
Alexander Graham Bell
Andrew Carnegie
John Von Neumann
Othmar Ammann
Telephone
Steel for Railroads,
Bridges, and Buildings
32
Inventors
Thomas Telford
Wright Brothers
Thomas Edison
Henry Bessemer
Flat Bridge
Flying Machine
Remote Power
Strong Material
Digital Machine for Calculations
33
Inventors
Thomas Telford
Wright Brothers
Thomas Edison
Henry Bessemer
Flat Bridge
Flying Machine
Remote Power
Strong Material
INVENTOR
ENTREPRENEUR
37
Partnerships
James Watt – Mathew Boulton
Robert Fulton – Robert Livingston
INVENTOR ENTREPRENEUR
38
Patents
Steamboat
Telephone
Electric Light
Airplane
Radio
Rocket
Transistor
Integrated Circuit
What are positive and
negative effects of patents ?
INVENTOR
ENTREPRENEUR
39
delays competition
Bell Telephone wins
Edison patents captured
from Western Union
Patents
Steamboat
Telephone
Electric Light
Airplane
Radio
Rocket
Transistor
Integrated Circuit
What are positive and
negative effects of patents ?
“War of the Currents”
delays competition
AC wins
40
delays competition
Bell Telephone wins
Edison patents captured
from Western Union
Wright Brothers patent
delays competition
WWI – patent suspended in
national interest
41
“War of the Currents”
delays competition
AC wins
Sarnoff fights FM patent
Armstrong suicide
Armstrong’s widow wins
42
Wright Brothers patent
delays competition
WWI – patent suspended in
national interest
1964 – 50th Anniversary
of multi-stage patent
Goddard not taken
seriously until after WWII
43
Sarnoff fights FM patent
Armstrong suicide
Armstrong’s widow wins
1956 Nobel Prize
Revolutionizes telephone,
radio, computers, satellites
44
Sarnoff fights FM patent
Armstrong suicide
Armstrong’s widow wins
Kilby and Noyce
share credit and revenue
45
1956 Nobel Prize
Revolutionizes telephone,
radio, computers, satellites
Artist as Engineer
Telford
Morse
Ammann
46
Kilby and Noyce
share credit and revenue Elegant bridge replaces the ferry
Intelligence at a distance
47
Artist as Engineer
Telford
Morse
Ammann
Elegant bridge replaces the ferry
Political
Entrepreneurs
Amman
Livingston
Norris
Hoover
Livingston
Monroe
49
Structural Artist
and Entrepreneur
50
Livingston
Monroe
TVA – REA architect
Advocate for Public Power
Political
Entrepreneurs
Amman
Livingston
Norris
Hoover
Focus on
Whole System
Edison
Ford
Marconi
Competition with Gas Lighting
52
Commerce Secretary
Colorado River Compact
Assembly Line
Integrated Factory
53
Focus on
Whole System
Edison
Ford
Marconi
Competition with Gas Lighting
Global Wireless Network
55
Energy Conversion
Steam Engine
IC Engine
Jet Engine
Rocket Motor
Machine replaces Horse
External Combustion
56
Energy Conversion
Steam Engine
IC Engine
Jet Engine
Rocket Motor
Compact and Efficient Machine
Internal Combustion
Machine replaces Horse
External Combustion
Government Fixes
59
Port Authority Congested
Valley Authority Depressed
River Compact Undeveloped
Port Authority Bridge
Automobiles
Rocket Motor carries own O2
Thrust in the Vacuum of Space
60
Port Authority Bridge
Automobiles
Valley Authority Dam
Electric Power
Government Fixes
Port Authority Congested
Valley Authority Depressed
River Compact Undeveloped
Daring ‘Firsts’
Water
Air
Space
First Trip - Colorado River
62
River Compact Dam
Flood Control and Electric Power
66
First Earth Orbit 1969
67
Transformation of
Daily Life
Railroad
Telephone
Electricity
Automobile
Airplane
Computer
Continent Crossed - 1869
Iron Road
1969
68
Transformation of
Daily Life
Railroad
Telephone
Electricity
Automobile
Airplane
Computer
Continent Crossed - 1869
Iron Road
Nation Illuminated – 1879
Continent Crossed – 1915
Copper Transmission Lines
69
Nation Illuminated – 1879
Continent Crossed – 1915
Copper Transmission Lines
Atlantic Ocean Crossed - 1927
made of Aluminum
powered by Kerosene
70
Coast to Coast w/o Lights - 1956
Asphalt, Concrete, and Steel
Atlantic Ocean Crossed - 1927
made of Aluminum
powered by Kerosene
71
Information Age born in 1946
Germanium, Silicon, and Glass
Coast to Coast w/o Lights - 1956
Asphalt, Concrete, and Steel