Post on 04-Jun-2018
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Majority of patients who died of lung cancerare males.
95% of the population has 66 inches height.
Wearing of seatbelts increases the chance ofsurvival in automobile accidents.
Carbon monoxide is one of the majorpollutants of smog.
Blood makes up 8% of the total body weight.
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At the age of 70, what is the
average amount of water that aman has consumed?
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12, 000 gallons
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For how many times does a normalheart beat in a day?
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100,000
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How long does it take for food inthe mouth to enter the stomach?
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7 seconds
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True or False:
The width of your armspanstretched out is the length of yourwhole body.
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True
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In average, how many dreams doesa man have in one night sleep?
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7 dreams
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You speak 4,800 words a day!
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any qualitative or quantitativeinformation.
could be found throughsurveys, experiments, records,etc.
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Basic Terms Used in Statistics
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BASIC TERMS IN STATISTIC
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refers to the totality of all the elements orpersons fro which one has an interest at aparticular time.
Example:
4thYear students of CMRICTHS in the year2013-2014
Filipino people in 2013
BASIC TERMS IN STATISTIC
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It is part of a population determined bysaampling.
Example:
4thYear students of CMRICTHS in the year2013-2014 who are good at dancing
Selected Filipino people in 2013
BASIC TERMS IN STATISTIC
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III. Parameter is any statistical information orattribute taken from a population. It is a true
value or actual statistics since its source is
the population itself.
IV. Statistic is any estimate of statistical
attributes taken from a sample.
BASIC TERMS IN STATISTIC
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Is a specific factor, property, or characteristicof a population, or a sample whichdifferentiates a sample or group of samplesfrom another group.
Example:
Examination: Time, gender
AUFCAT score, high school graduated from
BASIC TERMS IN STATISTIC
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I. NON-PROBABILITY SAMPLES
II.PROBABILITY SAMPLES
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I. NON-PROBABILITY SAMPLES
Samples are obtained haphazardly, selected
purposively or are taken as volunteers Probabilities of selection are unknown
May not be used for statistical inference
Results from the use of judgement sampling, accidentalsampling, purposively sampling, etc.
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II. Probability Samples
Samples are obtained using some objectivechance mechanism, thus involvingrandomization
Requires the use of a complete listing of theuniverse called the sampling frame Probabilities of selection are known Generally referred to as random samples Allows one to make valid generalizations about
the universe/population
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TYPES OF VARIABLES
1. Qualitative
2. Quantitative
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represent differences in quality, character, orkind but not in amount. They yield non-numeric values.
take on alpha-numeric possible values
Ex:
Gender, birth month, locations, eye color
BASIC TERMS IN STATISTIC
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Refers to numerical information obtainedfrom counting or measuring that can bemanipulated by any fundamental operation
take on numeric possible values
Ex: age, speed, test scores, temperature
*Quantitative data are further classified aseither discrete or continuous.
BASIC TERMS IN STATISTIC
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CLASSIFICATION OF QUANTITATIVE DATA
I. DISCREET VARIABLEII.CONTINUOUS VARIABLE
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A discrete variable is a variable whose valuescan be counted using integral values.
Examples:
Number of employees, number of students inclassroom, number of cars owned, number ofsiblings
CLASSIFICATION OF QUANTITATIVE DATA
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A continuous variable is a variable that canassume any numerical value over an intervalor intervals. It yields fractions or decimals.
Examples:
Height, weight, temperature, time
CLASSIFICATION OF QUANTITATIVE DATA
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relates to the rules used to assign scores andis an indicator of the kind of information thatthe scores provide
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Use numbers for the purpose ofidentifying name or membership in agroup or category. As the name
implies, it consists of namingobservations or classifying them intovarious categories.
Purely categoricalExample: Gender, Civil Status
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Religion umber of PersonsCatholic 1, 170
Protestants 45
Iglesia ni Cristo 62
El Shaddai 25
No religions 95
Not reported 13
Other examples: gender, politicalparty, names of schools attended
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connote ranking or inequalities. Onecategory is higher than the other. In thistype of data, numbers represent greaterthan or less than.
categorical with inherent ordering ofcategories
Examples:
Social class or incomes, grades (A,B,C)winners (1st, 2nd, 3rd)Educational attainment; Academic Rank
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The measurement where data are arranged insome order and the differences between data aremeaningful.
Data at this level may lack inherent zero
starting point.-quantitative with constant measures of magnitudeand arbitrary zero point
Examples: Aptitude test score, temperature, IQ
score
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This measurement is an interval levelmodified to include the inherent zero startingpoint.
Examples:
Election votes, ages of students, weights ofbeef
Weekly Allowance, Number of Cellphones Owned
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Determine whether the following areQualitative or Quantitative. If Quantitative,classify if continuous or discrete.
1. Blood types in the blood bank
2. number of patients for consultation in aday
3. gender of newborn babies in the hospital
4. height of a newborn baby5. number of plants in the school
d f h l l f h
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Identify what level of measurement are thefollowing, then an give example:
1. Blood pressure
2. degrees of burn3. height of students
4. favorite sports
5. rank in the class6. number of students who passed
7. temperature
8. marital status
9. nationality
10. score in a game
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REFERENCE:
Advanced Algebra, Trigonometry,and Statistics; Esparrago, et al.
(2004)
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