Post on 18-Jan-2016
State Electronics Recycling
Trends
Waste Waste
Expo 2008
Expo 2008
May 5, May 5,
20082008
Jason Linnell
Overview
• State Action: Where do we stand?
• Regional Models• Overview States• Results• Timelines
• Non-profit 501c3• Located in Parkersburg, WV area
• Federal, State, Association Projects• Research, Collection Programs
• NCER’s Mission: Dedicated to the development and enhancement of a national infrastructure for the recycling of used electronics in the U.S.
About Us
Percentage of US Population
Covered
Not-covered
Where Do We Stand?• 12 programs with mandatory financing
– CA, ME, MD, MN, NC, NJ, NYC, OR, TX, VA, WA, WV (AR - often overlooked) soon HI, OK
– 125 million US residents or 41% of US population
• Disposal bans– NH, RI, AR
Financing ModelsARF - Electronic Waste Recycling Fee, assessed on the sale of covered electronic products
FEE - Manufacturer Annual Registration Fees (can be significantly reduced by establishing an approved take-back program)
SHARE - Manufacturers must finance a program to collect & recycle their brand’s share of covered products, either collectively or independently (Oregon’s collective program is managed by the state DEQ, WA’s collective program is run by a manufacturer-managed authority.)
LBS. SOLDManufacturer pays registration fee and for collection and recycling of covered electronic devices based on their yearly sales to households
RETURNS 1 - Manufacturers must develop and implement their own recycling programs for their own returned products (TX requires program to collect from consumers, NC requires program to collect from collectors).
RETURNS 2 - Manufacturers pay for transportation and recycling of their own branded products collected by others plus a pro rata share of all orphan products
ARF
FEE
SHARE1
SHARE
RETURNS1 RETURNS1
RETURNS2LBS. SOLD
Share1
Regional Model #1Producer Pays Returns New England
•Existing Laws: Maine and Connecticut•Key Differences: product scope and orphan financing•Similar Pending Legislation: MA?•Outliers: NJ (more like Pacific NW model)
Regional Model #2Producer Managed with DefaultPacific Northwest
•Existing Laws: Washington and Oregon•Key Differences: financing basis split between TVs and IT, use of producer-run Authority or state agency•Similar Pending Legislation: IL•Outliers: NJ
Regional Model #3Producer Managed no Default or Convenience GoalsUpper Midwest
•Existing Laws: Minnesota, New York City•Key Differences: N/A•Similar Pending Legislation: HI, NY•Outliers: HI
Regional Model #4Producer Program RequiredMid-Atlantic and “Red” States
•Existing Laws: MD, WV, VA, TX, OK•Key Differences: registration fee required if no program, product scope (TVs or not)•Similar Pending Legislation: MO, MI•Outliers: TX, OK
Overview of State Models
California• Manufacturers collect/remit ARF on direct
sales, retain 3%• $6, $8, $10 depending on screen size• 20,000+ retailers with 30,000+ retail locations
(300 large = 90%)
• Retailers only sell branded products and that meet RoHS restrictions for heavy metals.
Manufacturers/Retailers meeting manufacturer definition choose recycling plan method of payment:
Pay consolidator count of claimed brands + orphans Pick up representative pile of return share weight + orphans OR, have branded product separated + orphans for pickup by chosen recycler
• As of December 2007, 394 brands claimed by 167 manufacturers• Does not cover desktop computers
Maine
• Manufacturers pay a $10000 initial annual registration fee and submit list of brands by December 31 each year $5000 annual fee thereafter, or if desired, manufacturers
may set up take-back program and pay only a $500 annual fee
Collected fees to state funds for grants to local governments
• Retailers may not sell brands of computers that don’t contain brand labeling or have not paid a registration fee.
• Covers desktops, laptops, TVs, monitors
Maryland/ West Virginia
• Manufacturers may/must join Standard Plan (no choice if a white box or new entrant manufacturer) to manage and finance recycling program• Manufacturers may start on own or with others an independent plan (if combined return share above 5%)• Retailer may not sell covered products if manufacturer is not registered and part of an approved plan
Violation for both retailer and manufacturer• As of late Feb., 158 unique manufacturers with 226 unique brands
Washington
• Manufacturers must recycle or purchase rights to pounds for volume equal to 60% of weight sold in MN (Jul 07 – Jun 08)
• Increases to 80% in FY 08• Annual report and penalties per pound for any shortfall, excess can be converted to “credits”
• Retailer may not sell covered products if manufacturer is not registered• Retailer must report to manufacturer on its brand(s) sales by Jul 1 annually
Minnesota
• Like Maine but with desktops and printers covered, • State approves recyclers and submit bills to manufacturers for their brands collected + orphan share
•Orphans determined by market, not return share
• Retailer may not sell covered products if manufacturer is not registered and part of an approved plan• Pending Bill makes TV manufacturer responsibility on market share, pushes back implementation
Connecticut
• Like WA, manufacturers participate in default State Contractor Program or Manufacturer Program (5% return share limit)
•In contractor program, IT based on return share, TV manufacturer payments based on market share
• No separate authority, state DEQ runs/outsources Contractor Program• Annual cost for Contractor Program due Sept 1 (total cost for year)• Manufacturers register and pay fee annually
Oregon
• Unclear at this point, covered manufacturers must submit plan to the state, pay registration fee• AND manufacturers must provide transportation and fully cover the costs of processing for equipment received from covered product “collectors” (collectors get to “central locations”)
North Carolina
• Manufacturers must adopt and implement recovery plans by Sept 1 2008• Recovery must offer cost-free recycling opportunity for its products from consumers through methods such as: mailback, collection events, physical collection sites, etc.• Annual reports from manufacturer due beginning Jan 31 2010• Retailers must ensure brands sold on our state compliance list
Texas
Timelines/Deadlines
• January 1, 2008: Registration/admin fees due in CT, MD and WA – must declare independent or standard plan on WA registration form
• February 1, 2008: Initial standard and independent plans due in WA to government for review/approval
• April 1, 2008: Manufacturers provide list of covered products to retailers in CA (including portable DVD)
• July 1, 2008: Manufacturer registration fee payments due in OR, filing of manufacturer programs
• September 1, 2008: Manufacturers in Contractor program must pay annual costs for 2009 in OR
Timelines/Deadlines
• September 1, 2008: Manufacturers submit report to MPCA on pounds collected, pay penalties for under-collection
• September 1, 2008: TX recovery plans enforced, NYC plans must be submitted
• January 1, 2009: Registration submitted in WV• January 1, 2009: Plans must be fully
operational in WA, OR, CT, NC!• July 1, 2009: Plans must be fully operational in
NYC, VA• January 1, 2010: Plans must be fully
operational in NJ
Manufacturer Patchwork
Category Maine Washington
Oregon Minnesota
# Unique Manufacturers
175 148 110 73
# Unique Brands
376 210 160 139
Desktop Brands
N/A 82 66 N/A
TV Brands 182 96 66 N/A
Monitor Brands
267 97 76 N/A
Laptop Brands N/A 44 41 N/A2008 Registrations as of early February
How Are They Faring?
• California:1.79 lbs/capita in 2005, 65 million lbs3.5 lbs/capita in 2006, 128 million lbs5.1 lbs/capita in 2007, 185 million lbs
• Maine:3.1 lbs/capita in 2006, 3.85 million lbs3.51 lbs/capita in 2007, 4.63 million lbs
• Minnesota: unknown until Sept 2008• Maryland:
1.2 lbs/capita in 2006, 6.2 million lbs [not program stats]1.5 lbs/capita in 2007, 8.7 million lbs [not program stats
Thank You!
Jason Linnell, NCERPhone: (304) 699-1008jlinnell@electronicsrecycling.org
Visit us on the web: www.ncerwv.orgAnd www.ecyclingresource.org