Starting-upAWAKERun2GiovanniZeviDellaPorta(CERN)

ABPGroupInformationMeeting-23April2020https://indico.cern.ch/event/910513/

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GiovanniZeviDellaPorta,CERN Starting-upAWAKERun2-ABPGroupInformationMeeting

Introduction

• AWAKEteamjoinedBE-ABP-LATinJanuary2020• DetailedintroductionsatLATSectionmeetingonFebruary12• https://indico.cern.ch/event/887365/(12talks!)

• TodayIwillsummarize:• experimentalsetupandRun1results• maingoals/design/timelineofAWAKERun2• focusonruncoordinationanddataacquisitionplansforthemedium-term(2020/2021)

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GiovanniZeviDellaPorta,CERN Starting-upAWAKERun2-ABPGroupInformationMeeting

Veryquickreminder:whatisAWAKE?

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GiovanniZeviDellaPorta,CERN Starting-upAWAKERun2-ABPGroupInformationMeeting

Run1achievements,Run2goals

• RUN1:2016-2018:Proof-of-ConceptExperiment.Successfulelectronaccelerationinwakefielddrivenbyaself-modulatedprotonbeam.

• RUN2:2021-…:Accelerateelectronstohighenergies(~10GeV)whilepreservingthebeamqualityanddemonstratethescalabilityinordertohavefirsthighenergyphysicsapplicationsafterRun2.

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ElectronsacceleraYon:19MeVto2GeVProtonbeamself-modulaYon:micro-bunching@plasmafrequency

[plasmadensity]

[e- ene

rgy]

AWAKE

AWAKECollaboration,Nature561,363(2018)

GiovanniZeviDellaPorta,CERN Starting-upAWAKERun2-ABPGroupInformationMeeting

Run1achievements,Run2goals

• RUN1:2016-2018:Proof-of-ConceptExperiment.Successfulelectronaccelerationinwakefielddrivenbyaself-modulatedprotonbeam.

• RUN2:2021-…:Accelerateelectronstohighenergies(~10GeV)whilepreservingthebeamqualityanddemonstratethescalabilityinordertohavefirsthighenergyphysicsapplicationsafterRun2.

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ElectronsacceleraYon:19MeVto2GeVProtonbeamself-modulaYon:micro-bunching@plasmafrequency

[plasmadensity]

[e- ene

rgy]

AWAKE

AWAKECollaboration,Nature561,363(2018)

GiovanniZeviDellaPorta,CERN Starting-upAWAKERun2-ABPGroupInformationMeeting

Electron bunch

Ionising laser pulse

Long proton bunch

Captured electrons

Proton microbunches

Accelerated electrons on the scintillator screen

Rb flask

10 m Rb Plasma

Laser beam

Laserdump

RF gun

Electron source system

20 MeVRF structure

Quadrupoles

Dipole

Dipole

Dipole

Imaging station 1

Imagingstation 2

OTR, CTR screens

Scintillatorscreen

Electronspectrometer

Proton beam

Electron beam

Run1experimentalsetup

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Howdoesitwork?1)LaserionizesRbvapor,formingaplasma2)Rbplasmacreatesmicro-bunchesintheprotonbeam3)Micro-bunchedprotonbeamexcitesplasmawakefields4)Wakefieldsaccelerateandfocuselectrons

GiovanniZeviDellaPorta,CERN Starting-upAWAKERun2-ABPGroupInformationMeeting

Electron bunch

Ionising laser pulse

Long proton bunch

Captured electrons

Proton microbunches

Accelerated electrons on the scintillator screen

Rb flask

10 m Rb Plasma

Laser beam

Laserdump

RF gun

Electron source system

20 MeVRF structure

Quadrupoles

Dipole

Imaging station 1

Imagingstation 2

OTR, CTR screens

Scintillatorscreen

Electronspectrometer

Proton beam

Electron beam

Electron bunch

Ionising laser pulse

Long proton bunch

Captured electrons

Proton microbunches

Accelerated electrons on the scintillator screen

Rb flask

10 m Rb Plasma

Laser beam

Laserdump

RF gun

Electron source system

20 MeVRF structure

Dipole

Dipole

Imaging station 1

OTR, CTR screensProton beam

Electron beam

Electron bunch

Ionising laser pulse

Long proton bunch

Captured electrons

Proton microbunches

Accelerated electrons on the scintillator screen

Rb flask

10 m Rb Plasma

Laser beam

Laserdump

RF gun

Electron source system

20 MeVRF structure

Dipole

Dipole

Proton beam

Electron beam

Electron bunch

Ionising laser pulse

Long proton bunch

Captured electrons

Proton microbunches

Accelerated electrons on the scintillator screen

Rb flask

10 m Rb Plasma

Laser beam

Laserdump

RF gun

Electron source system

20 MeVRF structure

Proton beam

Electron beam

Electron bunch

Ionising laser pulse

Long proton bunch

Captured electrons

Proton microbunches

Accelerated electrons on the scintillator screen

Rb flask

10 m Rb Plasma

Laser beam

Laserdump

RF gun

Electron source system

20 MeVRF structure

Proton beam

Electron beam

Electron bunch

Ionising laser pulse

Long proton bunch

Captured electrons

Proton microbunches

Accelerated electrons on the scintillator screen

Rb flask

10 m Rb Plasma

Laser beam

Laserdump

RF gun

Electron source system

20 MeVRF structure

Proton beam

Electron beam

NEW:higherenergy

NEW

NEW:back-propagating

NEW:densitystep~150MeV

Run2design(*)(**)

(*)simplified(**)workinprogress(needsstudies,simulations…)�7

GiovanniZeviDellaPorta,CERN Starting-upAWAKERun2-ABPGroupInformationMeeting

Motivatingthedesignchanges

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Electron bunch

Ionising laser pulse

Long proton bunch

Captured electrons

Proton microbunches

Accelerated electrons on the scintillator screen

Rb flask

10 m Rb Plasma

Laser beamRF gun

Electron source system

20 MeVRF structure

Imaging station 1Proton beam

Electron beam

Rb flask

10 m Rb Plasma

RF gun

Electron source system

20 MeVRF structure

Electron beam

NEW:higherenergy

NEW

NEW:back-propagating

NEW:densitystep~150MeV

Electron bunch

Ionising laser pulse

Long proton bunch

Captured electrons

Proton microbunches

Accelerated electrons on the scintillator screen

Rb flask

10 m Rb Plasma

Laser beamRF gun

Electron source system

20 MeVRF structure

Dipole

Proton beam

Electron beam

NEW:higherenergy

NEW

NEW:back-propagating

NEW:densitystep~150MeV

• Newelectronbeam:~150MeV,~2mmmradε,~5μmσxy,~60μmσz• 1:Blowoutregime(e-density>>Rbdensity):linearfocusing,εpreservation• 2:Matche-beamtransversepropertiestotheplasma:preserveemittance• 3:Beamloading:tunethecharge/positionofe-beamtoreachsmallδE/E

• 2plasmacells:self-modulationandacceleration• Injecte-beamwhenprotonbeamisalreadyself-modulated(morestable)• Self-modulationcellequippedwithdensitystepstooptimizewakefieldgrowth

• Separatee-beaminthe1stcell• Electronseededself-modulation:seededmodulationisphase-stable,reproducible

GiovanniZeviDellaPorta,CERN Starting-upAWAKERun2-ABPGroupInformationMeeting

Run2timeline

• Full“CostandSchedule”reviewbythebeginningof2021• Preparingforthisreviewisthefocusofmostofthegroup

• Scheduledrivenbyengineeringchallenge:clearingareafrompreviousexperiment(CNGS)• Cost/person-power:cannotstartrightawaytodismantletheRun1setupandbuildthenewone• Continueexperiments,whiledetailsoftheworkareprepared(RP,cost,schedule,feasibility)

• PartoftheprogramcanalreadystartwithamodifiedRun1setup:• Run1(b):2020:runAWAKEwithoutprotonbeam• Run2(a):2021-22-…:runwithprotonbeam,onlystopwhenCNGSclearingcanstart

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electron-seededself-modulation

density-stepplasmacell

newdiagnostics 150MeVe-source/line(prototypeonthesurface)

clearoutCNGSarea

e-acceleration

2ndplasmacell,2ndionisinglaser

GiovanniZeviDellaPorta,CERN Starting-upAWAKERun2-ABPGroupInformationMeeting

Run1(b),2020:AWAKEwithoutprotonbeam

• Standaloneexperimentswithoutprotons• studylaser/plasmaande-/plasmainteractions

• ImproveexistingsetupbasedonexperiencefromRun1andnewideas• re-alignelectrongun,reducetiming-relatedRFjitter,improvespectrometerresolution,improvecontrolofe-beamtrajectory/focusing

• TestnewideasforRun2• axiconfocusingoflaser,machine-learningforbeamoptimization

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GiovanniZeviDellaPorta,CERN Starting-upAWAKERun2-ABPGroupInformationMeeting

Run1(b),2020:runplan(pre-Covid19)

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Denseprogram,butalotofflexibilityinthe2ndpartoftheyearAWAKEis(hopefully)starting-upinnextweeks,sowemightstillpullitoff!

GiovanniZeviDellaPorta,CERN Starting-upAWAKERun2-ABPGroupInformationMeeting

Run2(a),2021:runwithprotonbeam

• AsignificantpartoftheRun2programcanbeset-upandtestedalreadyin2021

• Electronseededself-modulationinthefirstplasmacell• Predictedbysimulation,butnotyetfullyexploredindata(onlyasmall2018sample)• Largephase-spaceexplorationisnecessarytofindbestparameters• Requested12weeksofSPSbeam-time:mostlydedicatedtothis

• Newdiagnostics:severalnewideaswillmakeRun2possible• e-BPMsbasedoncoherentCherenkovdiffractionradiation(possiblyalsobunchlength)

• ResearchandteststakingplaceatCLEAR• Newspectrometercamerasystem(digitalcameraarray)anddataacquisition(BE-BI)• 3Dimagingofmodulatedpbunchwithstreakcameras(x/z+y/z—>x/y/z)

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GiovanniZeviDellaPorta,CERN Starting-upAWAKERun2-ABPGroupInformationMeeting

DataAcquisitionfor2020andbeyond

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• DAQmodelestablishedinAWAKERun1• Manydiagnostics:digitalcameras,BPMs,BTVs,spectrographs,laserenergy…• EventBuilderapplicationcollects/groupsthedatainto“events”and“runs”

• In2020,IwillworkonseveralDAQupgrades,neededfor2021• Digitalcamerasystemsynchronizationimprovements,andnewBE-BIdigitalcameraFESA• “Burstmode”:take10Hzdataforshortperiods• DataQuality:integratebasicDQintotheEventBuilder,toavoidtaking“baddata”

GiovanniZeviDellaPorta,CERN Starting-upAWAKERun2-ABPGroupInformationMeeting

DataAcquisitionfor2020andbeyond

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• DAQmodelestablishedinAWAKERun1• Manydiagnostics:digitalcameras,BPMs,BTVs,spectrographs,laserenergy…• EventBuilderapplicationcollects/groupsthedatainto“events”and“runs”

• In2020,IwillworkonseveralDAQupgrades,neededfor2021• Digitalcamerasystemsynchronizationimprovements,andnewBE-BIdigitalcameraFESA• “Burstmode”:take10Hzdataforshortperiods• DataQuality:integratebasicDQintotheEventBuilder,toavoidtaking“baddata”

GiovanniZeviDellaPorta,CERN Starting-upAWAKERun2-ABPGroupInformationMeeting

Conclusions

• BuildonthesuccessofRun1,withveryambitiousgoalsforRun2• increasee-acceleration,andfocusonbeamqualityandscalability

• Run2includessignificantupgrades(newe-source,newplasmacell,newdiagnostics)andanengineeringchallenge(clearingex-CNGSarea)

• Run2hasseveralphases:• electronseeding,densitystep,facilitymodifications,prototyping,installation,electronacceleration

• Use2020-21tofocusonthefirstphases,basedonamodifiedRun1setup• Atthesametime,workondesign/prototyping/scheduleofthenextphases

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