VOLUME 37. CANTON. STARK COUNTY, OHIO, THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 16. 1871, NUMBER 3C

BUSINESS DIRECTORY.

... ST. PAUL'S EPISCOPAL CHURCH,Corns of Tsnth and Poplar straats. Sunday

wrvicaa, 104 o'clock A. M. and IK o'olook P. M.

' king Laalura, o'clock.Eliv. JA8. 0. LAVEKTY, Rector.

C. J. GEIGEB,.niggiat, EaatTuacarawaa atraet, Cadton. Ohio.

. . a A XT TTnTVT.

By A. L. Rothaokar, East Tuscarawaa (treat,Canton, Ohio. apriiaTotf

STARK COUNTY DEMOCRAT,A. MoGragor Bon, Publlahera, and Plain and

Fancy Job Print rm, Empir Block, Canton, Ohio.

HIRAM " THURSTON,Book-Bind- and Blank-Boo- k Manufacturer. All

ordsra from abroad promptly attended to. Bind-er in Huur'i Block, no stsira. Canton. Ohio.

J. B. McCREA,furniture Dealer and Undertaker, Eaat Tuica-rawa-a

atreet, Canton, Ohio. BOTtf

JOHN P. REX,Merchant Tailor, and dealer In American and Imported Clothe, Casalrf.aras, Veatinge and Oenta'Furntahlng Oooda: Also, agent for the Blngerewlns Machine, Canton, Ohio. may 4 "70-i- f

PRINCE fc HAAS,CadertaKera Metallic and all kinda of Coffina

on hand. Two Bearaea alwaya in readl-naa-a

FaatTuaoarawnaatreea, Canton, Ohio.

EDWIN SMITH,m,ntn-r.ha- r o Particular attention glren to

copying and enlarging picture. Oral Frameand Atbume eonatsatly on band. Room In

- Mathewa'a Block, South Markev atreet. Canton,...... . Innsia'AaLf

A. J. DOUDS,Burgeon, Dentiat Office up ataira. In residence,

on Market atreet, waat aide, three door aonthof Public Square. Canton, Ohio. All operationeonneoted with the profeaaion promptly attend-ed to. decl8

"DR. J. H. SIDDALL,

DenUat Hartal's Block, Canton, Ohio." "

GEO. D. HARTER A BRO..Bankere EaatTuacarawaa atreet, Canton. Ohio,

Receive Deposits, Loan Money, buy Gold, 811- -Ter, Bond and Compound Intereat Notes. Ex-change bought and sold.

S.&E.S. MEYER,Attorney at Law, Canton, Ohio. Office In Danna-lulller- 'a

New Building, near Public Square.noTS'68yl

R. S. SHIELDS,Attorney at Law, Canton, Ohio. Office in Eagle

JulymWu

C. L. VALLAND1GHAM,Counaellor at Law, Dayton, Ohio. Will practice

in the aereral State and Federal Court. Office,No. SOT Third atreet, firat atairway Eaat of theOhio Inauranoa Company. maris 70yl

so, w. aArr. ao. a. balswiji.RAFF BALDWIN,

Attorney at Law, Canton Ohio. Office In theEagle Block, up ataira. ans TOtf

WM. McKINLEY,Attorney a Law Office In Eagle Block, over Na-

tional Bank, Canton, Ohio. June SO'87

m.q. McGregor,Attorney at Law, and General Collecting Agent,

Carthage, Jasper county, Missouri, ocuitf" HARVEY LAUGHLIN,

Attorney at Law, Notary Public, Alliance, Ohio.titt .

LOUIS SCHEFER,Attorney at Law, Canton, Stark county, Ohio,(until "7um3

. HENRY W. GA.RNETT.Attorney at Law, No. S Columbian Building, Fifthi atreet, between DAE. Waahlngton City. Pleas

to refer to L. Sohaafer, Attorney, Canton, Ohio.uvuib iu

: ' WILLIAM A LYNCH,Attorney si Law and Notary Public Office haCaaallly'a Block, Canton, Ohio! mays "TOyl

J. W. McCORD,Attorney at Law, and Oaneral Collection Agent

Alliance Ohio, Busineaa entrusted to bia carew ill recehre prompt attention 2Mf

J. G. WILLIARD.nnty Surrey or Office in the County Reoorder'a

office, in the Wikldal Building, where he can befound when in the city; if not, any bualneeawanted can be left with Jacob Xaplinger, Esq.,County Recorder, who will giro due notice to me.The law authorise the County Surveyor to takethe acknowledgment of any instrument of writ-- ,lug; he wHl therefore) write) and acknowledgeAgreements, Mortgage, Deeds, Ao, at fair pricesaud upon the shortest notice.

Oanton, January 1ft, isaa.

OTTO WINTERHALTER.ractlcal Watchmaker and Jeweler, and Dealer in

, Watohea; Clocks, Jewelry and Silverware ; re-- ,pairing neatly done, on ahort notice No 8 EagleBlock, Canton, Ohio. feba'eutf

DEUBLE A BROTHER,Dealers In watches. Clocks, Jewelry, Silverware,

Ao, eaat aide of Public Square, Canton, Ohio.Repairing done on ahort notice.

J. A MEYER.Dealer in American and Foreign Watches, Clocks,

Silverware and Fancy Good Northwest cornerof Public Square, Canton, Ohio. Repairing nely, expeditiously and aatiafactortly don.

W, C, THOMPSON,

Healer In Real Estate.TiTrtnlliri ne TTmieno

For sale, rent or exchange for city or farmingproperty.

BUILDING LOTSevery variety, price and location for Sale cheap.

Monthly payments received, and four years timegiven. Office In Haas's Block, East Tuscarawasatreet, up ataira. novHotf

H. S, BELDEN'S,ileal Estate and Collection Agency, corner Fifth

and Poplar streets. Canton, Ohio. Farma andTown Property Bouicht. Bold, and Rented. Titles Examined 1 axea Paid Estates SettledDeeds, Mortgage, Leasee, Ac, written MoneyBorrowed and Loaned on Real Estate. Coal and

' ether kinda of Mineral Property wanted toi or rurcnase. taniv ?uyi

G. EICHER,Real Estate Agent Office above Hane's LeatherJStore, East Tuscarawaa atreet. Canton, Ohio,

roayau-t- f

NEIL HOUSE,Opposite the State Houae, Columbus. Ohio Wal-ste- in

Failing, Proprietor. This old and favoriteHouae reduced its price to $3 UO a day, on Jan-uary 1,1871. - Janli-t- f

EXCHANGE HOTEL,By A ftponhauer. at Old Depot. Guests properly

cared for, and bill moderate. maylX'tttttf

JACKSON HOTEL,Lonla Ohllger, Proprietor, North Market street.

ROBERT K. FOLGER,Attorney at Law, Maasillon, Ohio. deel TO-t- f

ST. CLOUD HOTEL,0. D. Ely, Proprietor Public Square, Canton

Ohio. JulyTC

ALLIANCE- - HOUSE.By Daniel Sourbeck at the Station, Alliance,

Ohio. Meals alwaya in readiness on arrival of

H. FALKE,Dealer In Millinery and Fancy Goods, No S Opera

Houae Block, Canton, ehlo. jyttltf

O. IT. A. M.Rxsolotiob: Coosotl No. 4, O. U. A. M., meets eve-ry Thursday evenlug at 7Ji o'clock, in Danns-mlller- 's

new block.ED. E. MEN ART, Ci

R. H. AroiMo, R. 3. Jan26yl

J. D. SNAVELY.County Auctioneer, would respectfully offer his

serrtcesiotnc.se wishing mem. cnarges reasonable. Apply at Auction itooms, rio. Ncorner of Public Square, Oanton, O. oetl4m3

AMERICAN HOTEL,Salem. Ohio jonn A. lMllenbauKh. Proprietor.

This popular and well-kno- House baa lately- been refitted and furniahed throughout-- A goodsample room for commercial travelers. LivoryStable In connection with the House, and Om-nibus Jto and from all trains. Those patronisingthe Houae will at all time receive prompt anawurwuui uiu,iiin. nugljtl

ATLANTIC GARDEN.

C. 0BERLY & SON.

Atlantic Garden,AND

ORCHESTRION HALL!is the place to get

LAGER BEER, ALE, AND WINEIce Cream,

Sod ter,

Oysters, Cold IIa m,- Imported Swiss Cheese, Ac.v.Hos. 21, 23 & 25.

COR. MARKET SQUARE AXD SOUTHMARKETaeeuitf .

STREET, CANTOS, O.

BILL POSTER.

CITY BILL POSTEK.JOHN C. HAtOjVEY.Orders left at panocaA- i.uFrics, or at

- fcbS-t-f ' P'OmpUy attended to.

A. UcGItEGOR, Editor.

THURSDAY:::::-:::::::::::::FEBRUARYl-

WHAT WE EAT AND WHO RAISE IT.The census of 1870 is particularly inter-

esting in regard to the agricultural pro-

ducts of the different States. Two hundredamd sixty-fo- ur millions of bushels of wheatwere raised in the Unian in 1869. Theprincipal States for this crop were these ;

Illinois......... ..................2e,ooo,oioIowa . .. ....8o,0UO,000Wisconsin-.......- .. ............24,060,000California... ........................ .... .21,000,000Indiaua . 20.euo.GOOOhio. . 20,400,a1Minnesota ... l,ouo,000

Considerably Tiore than half of thewheat is raised in these seven States. Cal-

ifornia grows more wheat to the acre thanany other State, the yield being overtwenty bushels. In Oregon it is nineteen,in Minnesota sixteen.. In Wisconsin overfifteen, and in Ohio over fifteen. In Ill-

inois it is but little over eleven bushels tothe acre.

In corn the heavy State are as fol-

lows,Bushels

Illinois.. ... .........121,oO,000Missouri ...... su.OOO.OuOIowa 78,000,0)0Indiana 73.ooo.oooOhio . ..A, 68,000,000Kentucky 61.ono.000Tennessee ,,,,, ,,,,, 47,000,000

Total . 818,800,000

As the whole number of bushels of cornraised in all the States was but 874,000,-00- 0,

it follows that we get three-fourt-

of it in seven States. In Ohio there arethirty bushels grown to the acre, and buttwenty-thre- e in Illinois. In Kansas theyobtain forty-eig- ht bushels.

In potatoes the West is not in the lead.There were 133,000,000 bushels raised, andthe leading States rank thus :

BushelsNew York. .28,500,000Peonaylvania ..................... 16,600,000Ohio... ,.... s.eoo.oooIllinois.... ......... 7,600,000Maine ....... ... 7,800,oueMichigan 7,600,000Vermont 6,780,000

It will be seen that the little, mountain-ous, rocky State of Vermont grows morepotatoes than Indiana, and that Maineraises as many af Illinois. In Vermontthe yield to the acre is 116 bushels ; inOhio it is 112. - In Michigan they get 150,and in New Hampshire 140 bushels to theacre..

01 the 17,000,000 bushels of buckwheatproduced in the Union, 12,000,000 areraised in New York and Pennsylvania.

The great States for oats are Pennsyl-vania, with 48,000,000 bushels, New Yorkwith 31,000,000, Illinois with 35,000,000,Ohio with 27,000,000 and Wisconsin with22,000,000.

Two-thir- ds ef all the cheese in theUnited States is manufactured in NewYork and Ohio. Nearly half the butteris made in New York, Ohio and Pennsyl-vania. New York has more milch cowsthan any other State, and California next,the numbers being respectively 1,930,000and 1,330,000. We have in Ohio one-quart- er

of all the sheep. California is thenext great State in sheep, having over2,000,000 of them. In Texas, which has600,000 milch cows, the price of butter is$1 60 a pound. In tl.e value of all do-

mestic animals the principal States rankthus :

New York. . 108,000,000Georgia 100,000,000Ohio 90.000, 000Pennsylvania 79,uo0,000Kentucky...... 69.000,000Tennesaee C6.000.000

New England and the South are princi-pally dependent for most of the staplearticles of food upon the North-we- st and

The Indian Commissioner Parker, near-ly a full blood Indian himself, was selectedby Grant because he thought, doubtless,he was just the man for a post requiringintegrity and sagacity. To assist him andto illuminate the ways that were dark, anunpaid commission of disinterested citi-

zens were selected, who have been devo-

ting some leisure hours to the way thisheathen Indian played his hand. One ojthem, Mr. Welch, has developed the im-

portant fact that there are Ah-Si- in theemploy of Parker who have had twenty-fo- ur

Jacks in their Bleeves, who did beatthe aborigines, and oldest inhabitants outof their boots and blankets. Hear thequiet and unpaid Mr. Welch.

ASTOUNDING CHARGES.The followin.tr astoundinr charees. made

by Wm. Welch, of the Indiana PeaceCommission, are contained in a letter ad-dressed to Vincent Collyer, his associate,to tins euecc.

Hon. Vincent OoUyer :My Deab Sib: You ask me if mv

statements ofHmprovidence, or somethingworse, in the Indian Department are fullyBuaiaiaea oy ine doors ana vouchers. Adeliberate examination has revealed factseven worse than my statements, but as theinvestigating committee will in due seasonreport thereon, I do not feel free to stateanything beyond a few indisputable factstaKen irom the omcial records. Une mil-lion and thirty-on- e thousand dollars werepaid to one favored contractor within afew months. All but 95,000 of this sumwas on very private contracts. One hundred and seventy-nin- e thousand dollars ofit was paia ior ireignis up ine Missouri atirom so per cent, to 3UU per cent, abovethe rates at which the Quartermaster ofthe army bad effected a contract to takeall the Indian goods. The profit on themoney paid to this contractor must haveexceeded $400,000, and it does not appearmat ne assumed any risk. - Un the lUthof August last he was authorized by Com-missioner Parker to pick up two to threemillion pounds of flour, without limit asto price. Most of it was purchased at$2.20 a hundred, whilst the government

,P i ft - n 1 e. - 1 iay ior u sj.ou anunarea. u it nas neenought in Aucust it could have been shiD

ped to Grant River under the quartermas-ter contract at $1.60 a hundred pounds,but under the private bargain the freightwas $6 per hundred pounds. The Texascattle bought privately on June 17 andAugust 10 were paid for at six cents perpound immediately on their arrival at thereservations, whilst the same contractor.alter proper competition, united with otliera in lurnisning still better cattle at tnreeand eighty-eig- ht hundredths cents perpound, taking all risks of keeping duringtne winter, x truly,

WILLIAM WELCH.

DEATH OF AN EDITOR.It was Qeoboe S. Benedict, son of the

editor of the Cleveland Herald, who per-

ished in the sleeping car at the accidentat New Hamburg, New York. He wasassociated with his father and was a manof 27 or 28 years of age. He leaveswife and one child to mourn his untimelydeath. He was a gentleman of educationand great worth.

The Democratic gains thus far in theUnited States Senate, are : George Goldthwaite, of Alabama ; F. P. Blair, of Missouri ; Z. B. Vance, of North CarolinaJoseph P. Kelley, of Oregon; HenryCooper, ot lenntssee ; and II. G. Davisof West Virginia.

"THE BEST GOVERNMENT IN THEWORLD."

. The Commissioner of Internal Revenueestimates the receipts for the current fiscalyear at $111,418,000. This from all sour-ces of internal revenue except stamps.The five Middle, Southern aud WesternStates will contribute as follows, accordingto the Commissioner's estimates :

nT0rk $203,00016 "nunota

Pennsyi'va"nio 'fl.SS'HKentucky IZZZT ISSflM

Total.. . rn taa nviThis is sixty-thre- e per cent, of the en- -

tire lnternal revenue tax, exclusive orB .mps.'

The six New England States are tixpec- -ted to contribute an atrprep-at- of $6,504.- -000: less than a third of what is emectedfrom New York, less than a half of Ohio'sshare, and two millions less than Ken-tucky.

New England, with a DODulation inround numbers, of 3.492.000. has a. run.resentation of twelve Senators, and paysDut six and a half millions of internalrevenue; while Ohio, New York. Penn- -

Ivania, Illinois and Kentucky, with apopulation of 14,793.000. are rem-esente-d

bpskmt te4nators, and are called on topay nearly seventy-on- e millions of inter- -

d taxation.These facts, the tariff laws and the na

tional bank system ate devised solely inthe interest of the New England moneypower. No wonder that the Yankees intheir thanksgiving sermons always speak

mis as tne "best Government the nnever shone upon."

The New York Sun, a reoublscan newspaper of some influence and large circulation, tninks the democrats can win quiteeasily in the contest of 1872, if theyfollow the proper course and use discre-tion in selecting candidates. We quote .

In the elections of the past year, twen- -' Sthtes. which, nccnrrlr as, rv uv fivuUliDDOrtlOnment DIVA nr. r.nn1Mi anJ AAn- p- - waw uuuuitm CblAVA BOY"

tntV-Bl- X VOtAfl for TkrAQiAnf nv,f 4Vv.sf TVOAAIf 1UI 4.UO

republicans, while seventeen states, whichgiyw uuo uuuurea ana nity votes, went lorthe democrats. Tr. will K

that if the democrats can retain in 1872mi me oiaies iney carried in 1860, theywill prevail in the next presidential con-test, provided they can make an additionalgain of fourteen electoral votes.

Can the democrats make such a gain ?Assuming that they will show Kood sense

oici. uuu ui ineir piauorm and theselection of their candidate, the southernstates afford the moat. fivailQlila a11 f- -

them to make the necessary break in therepublican lines. Among the states car-ried by the republicans the past year wereArkansas, Mississippi and Texas. With

"""ja cuonuuo ia xoiz, mese alone,if wrested from the republicans, will morethan suffice to elect the democratic ticket.

The editor eoes on to state that thenesjro vote is very unstable, and that thereis a strong probability that enough blackmen will vote the democratic ticket to givethe entire vote of the south aeainst theradicals. We are triad to see the radicalnewspapers beginning to appreciate theBiiuauon.

GOOD ADVICE FROM THE RIGHTQUARTER.

The Americus club of Philjidlr,Welected at a late meeting, W. V. McGrath,.esq, as President He gave the followingadvice to the club, which we hope will beueeoea as muca as it is needed, there andeisewnere, said :

The exrjerierica. nf tha nml lio. v, ,3f.w ;iv(CUthat it is worse than idle to make nomin-ations nnfairlv , ap BaWt nnfi MAMJ ..v.w u VBUUiUttlCg.L.et us therefore, determine to aid in cor-recting our mistake in this respect for thefuture. Let ns assist in Hiihiiiimf. tistandard of good personal, as well as po-litical J.l rr..., iuu auiubjr in nominations. It is not necessary to hunt for goodcandidates alone amongst those who havegrown old in the acquisition of wealth inbusiness pursuits, or among those whohave heretofore H i.V, owrouiuvua, ,.1.the duties of official positions ; they may

awwuva .uiuuj( iuo LutLuy acuve, lmeiii-ge- nt

vouncr and mir1fllo.orl man nf V,

party men of steady business habits andBwu uiunu nuinoiug m me community,against whom their political opponentscould, in truth nl.tur r,nor reproach these are the mea to fittingly

wf,wwvMw kaao iuuwiauv jjtuiy lulu giveit Buccesa.

ONLY A BROTHERIN-LA-

The executive session of the TTnitdStates Senate, on Wednesdav. had underconsideration tne nomination of a brother- -in-la- The WorWt correspondent saysA LIVELY TIME IN ElIcnTivi) ovcoino

There was a livelv lim in AYnima." J .u U

ocikuuu tu-u- ay over "my orotner-in-la-

viiucr, wuu was nominated as min-ister to Eenmarb- - iwhose appointment had remained unactedAVI fll Juu. lur. fiH.nmtr ttira unrtn oHa thaSell at.A WPTlt infra flOiraf Daouinn A x . J" " v. v v umOJVAA CbAiVA UiUVeUthat the Committee on Foreigh itelationa

""cuou mj report, inai appointmentback tO the Senaia Tt ha A Tain inCommittee two mnnfha mil if was t;m. ushould be before the Senate. Mr. Sumnersaia: l object to the resolution. TheCommittee on foreign Kelaeions have beenfor two months inquiring into this norain- -ui,iuu, buu ttU mm iney can nna is thatthis nominee ia n. Krnttiof.i'n.Um t il.- -President and whollv nsfit tnr tiioinn" f .W.M.JM, VUnuuiri BUUBlUHl inui n H

seat, and the Vice President said that asingle objection carried the resolution overw suuiuer uuy.

THe New York Herald, which hasbeen giving Grant s administration itssupport, now admits that the Presidentis very unpopular, and says :

Missouri, which ia OlA nnlititol V..Stone of the WMtam o n rl nnrfhwaot.m," uV. a ustates, has abandoned radicalism, has setup the might of her franchise, crippled aslb IM in 1 1) H 1, J I IV Tr THA Tur n,fh n n . I -- II

other obstructions which disfranchise hercitizens, bne stands to-da- y, in the perSon Of her Iwn.. Kin minra anA VoxWHHVV.U Ull tACUtive. in an attitude nf firm VinatilifTrthe administration. When the stategave forty-on- e thousand majority forGr&tz Rrnwn vniph in.lii,l 1.A .t,i..Democratic vote for the democrats putuu nun wtnei in ine neio juusouri

declared that the time liarlWft fillOud rp1.7A iha font K & ma...uw aauH bUUH l,UO TV ttiwas over, and the cry "let us have peaco'waa a woriuiess sniDDOlein unless thepractical enects of peace were visiblethroughout the land.

At a recent Democratic meetmc inHartford. Colonel S. A. Coolev eave aom.oi rns experiences in South Carolina elections: He was appointed registrar andinspector, under the law of Coneress.one of the voting districts in that State.He registered nine hundred colored menana only two white men. The coloredmen there were not educated, nor astelligent as the colored men here. Theywere so ignorant that many of them didnot know what voting meant, and nnmthem did not know what their own nameswere. In coming up to be registered, onewould give his name as Tom Rice, whenfifteen or twenty would give the same

: name "Tee Tom Bice, too," and he hada Ions list of names repeated in that wav.w - jIt was impossible, under the regulations'to tell who voted on these names.

Poetry.FURTHER LANGUAGE FROM TRUTH.

FUL JAMES.[NYE'S FORD, STANISLAUS,]

1870.Do I eleept do I dream?

Do I wonder and doubt?Are thintra what tney seem,

Or ia vialons about?Is our civilization a fni'ure?

Or is the Caucasian played out?

Which expressions are strong,Tet would feebly imply

Some account of a wrongKot to call it a lie

As was worked off on William, my pardner,Which his name it was W. Nye.

He came down to the Ford. On the rery same day

Of that Lottery, drawedBy those sharps at the Bay; ' ,

And he says to me, Truthfnl how goes It ?"I replied, " It ia far, far from gay

" For the camp has gone wild' ,

' On this Lottery game.And has even beguiled

Injin Dick, by theaame.' Which, said Kye to me, "Injina is pi xen

Do you know what his number Is, James fI replied " T. 2,

9, 8, . is his hand ;"Which ne atarted e.nd drew

Out a liar, which he scanned ;Then ha softly went for his revolror,

With language I cannot command -

Then I said, " William Nye 1"

But he turned upon me,And the look in his eye

u as quit naActui to see.And he says : Too mistake; this poor InJIn

I protect from such sharp as you be I"

I was ahocked and withdrew ;But I grieve to relate.

When he next met my viewInjin Dick was his mate.

And the two around town was lyingIn a frightful dissolute state.

Which the war dance they badRound a tree at the Bend,

Was a eight that was sad ;And it seemed that the end

Would not justify the proceedings.As I quietly remarked to a friend.

For that Injin he fledThe next day to his band ;

And we found William apreadVery loose on the strand.

With a peaceful like amile on his features,And a dollar greenback in bis hand.

Which, the same when rolled out.We observed with surprise.

What that Injin, no doubt.Had believed was the prise

Them fixtures in red in the corner.Which the number of notes specifies.

Was it guile, or a dream ?Ia it Nye that I doubt?

Are things what they seem.Or ia visions about ?

Is our civilization a failure ?Or is the Caucasian out ?

F. BRET HARTE.

Select Story.THE MONEY FINDER.

BY COLLEY CIBBER..

"Seke and ye shall fynde."—BIBLE 1551

Business called me to New Orleans inthe winter of 1836 ; I found the CresentCity alive with people, although the yellow fever and cholera of 1832-- 3 had nearly decimated it. It was now full of life,animation' and business. Crowds of peo-ple of an evening, filled the hotels andtheatres, while the practicing pickpocketswere reaping golden harvests from theirnefarious trade. I made it a rule bothfrom the necessity of the case, and safety,to carry very little money about me. Onone occasion, however, thirty-fiv- e dollarsmysteriously disappeared from my pocket.1 he fact I casually told a reporter of thePicayune, who having nothing more ofimportance to write about, placed thefollowing in his city column.

Our friend, Colley Cibber, was quietlyrobbed ofhis pocket book last evening, leaving him minus thirty-fiv- e dollar. Colley is aphilosopher, and bears his loss with stocialindifference.'

1 felt somewhat angry upon readingthe article, and in the course of the morning I intended to call and have some serious talk with the reporter.

As 1 approached the office on Campstreet, I saw my man talking with a gentleman. The moment he saw me he shouted out, only as reporters shout when a little excited;

'Ah, here he is.''Yes,' I replied, here I am, and you are

the'No more words, Colley ; this gentle

man has found your pocket-book- -

otop, sir, saia the stranger; 'not sofast. I found a pocket-boo- k. It is forthis gentleman to describe its centents.would observe however, that the insinuation thrown out in the article bv the writer, that you were quietly relieved of it, isentirely gratuitous. Ifound it, sir.'

The money, sir, contained in the pocket-bo-ok was a twenty dollar note on thePlanters Bank of Louisiana, a ten dollarnote on the Canal Bank, and a five on theFarmers and . Mechanics' Bank of Philadelphia,

'Sir there is your property.' And handing me the book, he remarked 'It affordsme much pleasure to restore it.'

The appearance of the man, well dressedwell spoken, and evidently well edu-

cated,made me hesitate about offeringhim a reward.

He seemed to understand my hesitation,as he very quietly remarked withsmile :

'I see that you hesitate about payingme lor my trouble hesitate no longer.

inding money and restoring it to theowner is my business.

I looked at the man in surprise.'Your business V

'Yes, sir But I have no ftxed per centage. 1 leave that to the parties.'

'There, sir, as the amount is not a largeone will that suffice? handing him theten dollar note.

'Fully, sir; the fiye would have beenrr-- . y. ,, .. .

sumcieni. uooa aay. gentlmen." anaway he went, whistling an air from thelast opera.

vv eu, ezciaimea tne iteporter, "that, ,ii i -- ,uuui, we cooiest piece ot pusiness i ever

witnessed. What does it mean?"It means simply this that he made the

excuse of is being his business, to takethe reward, nothing more.'.G.11 i ido ine matter rested, ana X wa minusten dollars, which I considered he wasfully entitled to.

lly business at New Orleans at thatperiod was of a commercial nature, andwhich brought me in connection withmen. A large commercial house met witha most serious loss. One of the partnerswhile at the post office, droppedhis pocketbook containing some fifteen thousanddollars in notes and checks. A rewardone thousand dollars was offered for itsrecovery, with its contents intact. On themorning after the loss I happened to bethe office. Be it understood that the advertisement was ior tne evening papers,consequently no one was yet acquainted

nf with the liberal reward offered for honestyWe were speaking of the loa, when whoshould enter the store bat the 'MoneyFinder.' He did not see me, as I was sitting somewhat back.

'Is Mr. Williams in T hj asked.That is my name, sir.''And this. I presume, is your property,

handing him a pocket-boo- k.

'Ah !' exclaimed Mr.- Williams, openingthe book. "All right, sir; I thank yousincerely ; but how did you know '

'Your name, sir, written there, and otherpapers.

'Ah, yes. Bob,' calling the boy, runimmediately up to tie Bulletin office, andstop the advertisement. Eun quick!Now, sir, excuse me, take this seat, handing him a chair, "and I will write ' you acheck for the reward offered.'

'Eeward sir I was notaware that you hadoffered one.'

"True."The young man quietly seated himself.

took up a paper and began to read.'There, sir, is the check ; it is the a--

mount offered for the recovery of the bookand its contents ; don't hesitate.'

Hesitate I' exclaimed the recipient, 'Inever hesitate, for this, sir, is my busi-

ness.'Raising his hat gracefully, and twirling

a gold-head- cane, he went out whistlingthe same air he did on a previous occasion.

What did the fellow mean 7 asked Mr- -

Williams, 'by its being his business? Heis not a pick -- pocket." :

I then related my .loss, and the returnof the money, and we all came to the con-

clusion that it was realya misterious pieceof business.

I frequently met the man, but never exchanged words with him, as I had seriousdoubts in regard to his mode of findingmoney. And yet if he were a rogue, whynot retain the money ? Here lay the mystery.

One of the most fashionable ladies ofNew Orleans, a Mrs. Whitney, lost a diamond ring valued at fifteen hundred dollars. It was returned to her bv'this man.for which he received one hundred andfifty dollars. Another lady lost a necklaceequally valuable, and from the descriptionehe gave of the person who restored it, itwas the same successful finder. PerhapsI was the only one who noticed the extraordinary coincidence in this man being thefortunate finder of so much valuable property. The reason probably was, that fromthe moment he made use of the exression,it is my business,' I connected him with

subsequent cases of a similar character.Can money finding be made a business?

If so, how ? Here was a man returningproperty to its owners,' valued at thou-sands, for which h.3 received merely hundreds. He certain.y was honest, but bywhat peculiar process did he arrive at theresult of their carelessness, making it thesource of his means of living? My cunosity was aroused. At the theatre, operaand other places of amusement I invariably met him, he was invariably alone.. Onthe street he walked as ifhe had lost something.

On one occasion I met him in the reading room of the St. Charles Hotel. Tomy surprise, he; was in a warm disputewith several persons upon the subject otthe crevasses, one of which had but recent-ly occurred. I soon discovered that hewas not only well read but 'perfectly conversant with hydraulics and mechanics.I remember ono remark he made, whichcame very near, subsequently, being fear-

fully confirmed. He said :

ine ume is not tar distant when yourbeautful city will be at the mercy of theMississippi river, and the bend at Carrolton will be the source of danger.'

The very next day a large dry good.house had its bank book returned, whicha boy had dropped in the street, containing" eighteen hundred dollars. The youngman who found it received two hundreddollars, and when the proprietor thankedhim, in addition, he quietly remarked,'it is my business,' and left the store whistling. 'There is no luck about the house.'

it was evident that the man was infair way to make a fortune ; and his ex-

traordinary luck at finding money andvaluables, while it astonished me for itssingularity, satisfied me. of his honesty.The mystery was, how came these thipgsin his way?

.several years passed. 1 was once morein mynative city of Philadelphia. Thecircumstances alluded to above had beenalmost forgotten, and the man and hispeculiarities were things of the past.

I had some business to transact in theGirard Bank, this was in the year 1841.Just as I entered- - the main room, I perceived that something was wrong. Several men were standing at the paying teller's desk, and I heard the teller say, 'Sir,you must leave the package with me,'involuntary stopped.

Must!' exclaimed the other, thesound of whose voice caused me to start,'Must ! sir I J. here is no such a word inmy vocabulary. I will not deliver upthis money, emphasizing the word, 'toany man but the owner. You are notthe party who lost it,' and have no moreclaim to it than any one of these gentlemen.'

'But, air, you area stranger.''True, and being a stranger, I intend to

remain here until the owner of the moneyreturns. I found it on the pavement infront of your bank. You say the moneywas drawn from it. The amount is large

I have courted it ?20,000.''Is there any one here who knows this

man r'wny asK tne question c ill remain

here here, in custody, does it matterwhether I am a stranger or not T

At that moment he caught my eye. Apeculiar smile passed over his countenanceand without a moment's hesitation, heis said :

'There stands a gentleman who can vouchfor my being an honest man V

Thus appealed to, I stated that 'I knewthe gentleman only in the way of business,ana have reason to Know that he is anhonest man. Nor do I consider the question one to be dicussed. The proof of hishonesty is so apparent in this case, thatam somewhat surprised that it should beeven questioned.'

At that moment a gentleman rushedinto the bank in a state of great excitemeht, and loudly proclaimed his loss.The bank clerk, in a very significant man

of ner pointing to my friend, said :

'That man has found your money, sir,and will not give it up.'

in That is false ! exclaimed the finder.would not give it up to you nor any otherman, unless his claim was fully establishto my satisfaction. If this is the gentleman that lost it, I shall have much pleasure in delivering it up. I found it, sir,the street.

'O, thanks! thanks! The. loss wouldhave been my ruin. Give me your address, sir, I am agitated now, I am unableto say or act as I intended to do.'

There, sir, is my card.' And as he turnI to go out, ha very politely handed me one

remarking, 'I should be pleased to see yousir. And he left the bank, whistling, 'Iknow a bank whereon the wild thymegrows.' I looked at the card he handedme. It bore"the name of Thaddeus Mid-dleto- n,

United States Hotel?'Shall IcallT'waa the first question

that I mentally asked myself. Howevermy curiosity had something l do withmy inclination, and I determined to payhim a viit.

nen.it. It Vf-.- ir. his a roomeatly furnished, as Le stud at Lis ow& ex

pense.'I am somewhat particular, he observed.

and as I purpose to remain in this cityseveral years, I had this room fitted up tosuit me. There for instance is my bookcase. There is my lounge. Landlordsnever have such lounges ; and this is mychoice of a carpet. See, it is covered withflowers,'

'Why,' I asked, did you select such apattern ?

Well, I cannot say. I love flowers, butmy time will not permit me to cultivatethem in pots, so I have them beneath myfeet.'

'Not a poetical idea, I perceive, inasmuch as you trample on them.

'True, bat .the poets sometimes crushflowers by wretched attempts to apostro-phise them. Now, I can use my wovenones, and imagine them the 'alphabet ofangels,' A lady poet, speaking of flowerssaid:

They write on hills and fieids myeterioastruths. '

'Mine, you perceive are written here.''You are a philosopher.'No simply a poet. I write verses for

amusement, only.''When I first met you in New Orleans

Ah, my dear sir, you anticipate me.Say nothing of our first meeting. It was

mere matter of business. There islabor and worriment. I am still young.and can now retire from business with anincome of three thousand dollars per annum, for which I work aye, sir, worked.'

'And your business was to''Find money.''You surprise me!'20 aouDt. xn tne course of ten years

I have realized, from finding money andreturning it to the owners, upwards oftwenty thousand dollars ; thirty thousandI inherited from an uncle.'

'But how is it possible, sir to be so successful?"

'System, sir, and localities. In Lonaon, 1 returned to owners upwards ofthirty thousand. In Paris, about twentythousand ; and in Home well, in Home Idid less, but, what may appear strange toyou, I made more. The Pope, returningfrom a ride, lost a diamond cross. Alleyes were on his Holiness mine were onthe ground. No one but myself thoughtWhat might be lost in such a crowd, hencemy luck. The cross was set with brilliants, so in an instant I suspected who wasthe owner. Nor was I mistaken. HisHoliness presented me with this ring. Itis valued at eighteen hundred dollars.'

Strange.''What my business t les, it .is, sir

thousands of dollars are daily lost in largecities, which the owners never have returned to them. In no one instance, except small amounts not advertised, have Ifailed to find the owner. When I find aten dollar note, I advertise it so withall amounts above that. In many instances, as you know, I have returned themoney before it was advertised.'

As I know? How and where? AhI recollect. I was in Mr. Williams' officewhen you returned his pocket-boo- k.

did not think you saw me.''Ah, my dear sir, if you had served ten

years apprenticeship to money findingyou would learn that the eye, like the human voice, can be cultivated. I did seeyou on that occasion.'

'Have you heard from the gentlemanwho lost the money in front of the GirardBank?"

Instead of answering me he openedsmall writing desk and showed me a checkfor one thousand dollars.

'There, sir, was not that a good day':work?

It was.'But I had still a better one last week

not in remuneration, befitting the pocketbut a more satisfactory one to themind.'

How so f'I picked up a small pocket-boo- k on

Arch street, containing ten dollars. Itwas evidently the property of a poor person. There was a memorandum in a woman's hand writing appropriating thatmount to parties that she owed. Landlord, six dollars; baker. "one dollar andfifty cents: grocer, two dollars and fiftycents, On the inside leaf, I noticed, thenumber of a house iu Cresson's alley. Inquiring my way to the place. I found thenumber it was a small house. JustI was in the act of knocking I heard a female voice say 'put it in the LedgerThat was sufficient. I knocked, and thedoor was opened by a decent looking woman ; the inmates, besides herself, wereyoung girl and a lad. 'I called madamin consequence of finding a small amountof money.'

'Oh, sir, have you found it? Ten dollars, sir ; all money I had in the worldaud that owing to those who would turnme- out of the house if the rent was notpaid.' .

..mi vmere is ine money, madam. I amhappy in being enabled to save you fromthe power of a merciless landlord.'

'I handed her the book and left.''That was indeed kind.''It was my duty as a man and a Chris

tian, and more sir, it was my business.I do not mention this, sir, for the purposeof beasting of an act of charity, or inspirit oi egotism, but when the poor woman opened her pocket-boo- k she foundtwenty dollars.'

'Middleton 1' I exclaimed, springing up,you are a noble fellow, and if I may askit as a favor, permit me to be rankedmong your friends.'

'Sir, I thank you. My vocation is onethat, were it generally known, the fewwho know me would probably shun me

Shun you! Why?

'What is money finding but a more refined name for rag-picki- ? It is trueI dress better than that class do, and carry a gold-mount- cane instead of a stick

in with a hook.'

'I do not take that view of it.'"Thanks I accept your friendship I

am proud of it, for you are a man without prejudice.'

'Sir, you are mistaken. I am full ofprejudice, but when I take an honest maaby the hand, as I take yours now, I have

none.We are friends.

4 cannot let the curtain fall on thia lit-tle drama in real life without relating onemore incident in connection with the prin-cipal character. Walking down Chest-nut street with him a short time back, Iremarked, as we were in the act of part-ing at the corner of Chestnut and Thirdstreet:

'You lave rot practiced vour peculir.rit during .m whik '

Not to any extent,' Le observed, 'siiilit has not been unprofitable,' showing m

hity dollar note which he had beentwirling about in his hand.

He saw surprise expressed in my looks.and added :

'You trod on that note when you wereopposite MasorHc Hall, and I picked it up.&uch little pieces of paper are not to betrampled upon with impunity. Come,dine with me to-da- y nay, you must socome along.'

Political.

POLITICAL CORRUPTION.

DISASTROUS RESULTS OF ROTATION

IN OFFICE—ABUSES OF THEAPPOINTING POWER—A

LEGISLATUREAND A BLIND EXECUTIVE

THE VICTOR'S SPOILS.

A Republican Government Not Dependent

Upon Official Patronage.

&c., &c., &c.

[Speech of the Hon. Carl Schurz in the]United States Senate January, 27 '71.]

The Senate having under considerationthe bill to relieve members of Congressfrom importunity and to preserve the independence of the different departmentsof the governme- nt-

Mr. Schurz said: Mr. President,sympathize most heartily with the Senator from Illinois (Mr. Trumbull) as to theobject he means to accomplish by thisbill. At the same time I must confessthat there was one objection brouchtforward against it that struck me as forcible. It was this : that if we absolutelvprohibit members' of Congress from giving advice to the President with regardto appointments to office, then thePresident will be deprived of that sourceof information which, as long as the present loose system of filling offices 'intinues, can be better depended or than anyother; while, on the other hand, if anamendment be adopted lil.e that offeredby the Senator from Yeraiont (Mr. Mor-rill), which makes it possible for thePresident to put himself, at option, inconmication with Congressmen, askingfor their advice, then it would be consid-ered a rule of courtesy that he should doso in all cases where a member of Con-gress agrees politically with the adminis-tration ; an omission would be consideredan unfriendly act, and the present prac-tice would not be materially changed. Itia evident, therefore, that if we desire toeffect a change in the direction pointedout by the Senator from Illinois, we mustput another source of information fromwhich the appointing power can obtainthe necessary advice in the place of thatwhich we take away ; and this circum-stance, it seems to me, opens the wholequestion of civil service reform. Wehave been listening to some very inter-esting speeches on 4iiat subject, some expatiating upon the excellence of the meth-od in which at present the departmentsat Washington are conducted, some ar-

guing that a great many of the evils exis-

ting cannot be cured by reform. Sir, inmy opinion, the question whether the de-

partments at Washington are managedwell or badly is, in proportion to thewhole problem, an insignificant questionafter all. Neither does the questionwhether our civil service is as efficient asit ought to be cover the whole ground.The most important point to my mind is,how we can remove that element of de-

moralization which the now prevailingmode of distributing office has introducedinto the body politic. A long tamiliaritywish existing abuses is apt to blunt thekeenness of our perception and the nicetyof our moral appreciation. We are look-

ing with exceeding leniecy at abuseswhich, from our early days, we have beenaccustomed to see every day and in whichthe force of circumstances made us par-ticipate; and in order to judge of theirtrue bearing it is sometimes necessarythat, so to say, we should transportourselves out of, ourselves, so as to obtaina perfectly independent, impartial, andobjective view of this. Let me supposethat you, Mr. President, although beingborn in this country, had left it whenstill young. You had studied the theoryof our government ;' you had become im-

bued with its principles, your mind hadbecome saturated with the teach inca ofthe fathers of this republic, but you hadnot become familiar with the workings ofour political machinery in detail. Thenyou had gone to study the theories andobserved the practice of other govern-ments in different parts of the world.Imagine then you had come back to thiscountry about the 4th of March of theyear after a Presidential election whichhad resulted in a change of party control.You would at once hasten to the capitalof your country. You would bring withyou an exalted idea of the greatness ofthis republic, of its tremendous extent, ofits gigantic resources, of the multifariousinterests which are involved in its politi-cal life, of the great history and noblequalities of ita people, of its great missionin the history of the world. You comehere to Washington to witness the specta-cle of the inauguration. You see thePresident standing in front of the Capi-tol, and betore him an immense multitudeand you behold that grand and simplescene in which the President lays beforethe people of the United States thoseprinciples and views of policy which areto guide him in the administration ofpublic affairs a scene grand, simple, andin imposing harmony with the nature ofour institutions. So far your mind re-ceives impressions corresponding withthe convictions you had previously form-ed. But you spend some time at Wash-ington, after having viewed this interest-ing and grand spectacle. Presently itstrikes you that open the avenues and inthe hotels and at all public places youmeet a motley throDg with anxious eyesnervous movements, a curious expressionof countenance. Gradually you learn to

understand what it means. After a fewdays you desire to pay your respects tothe President. With something akin toawe you enter the White House to visitthe Chief Magistrate of this grand repub-lic. Of course you expect to find himsurrounded by his council of state, and,being new to the duties of his great office,diligently and earnestly studying thosegreat problems which it will be his mis- -

b,)ji ti ' lv. Iul "now do you find Lim ?

the Kiuisr of the s.uc anx.ous faces',the saui'! eager eyes, the same nervouscountenances which have already attracted your attention before, and man afterman pressing upon him, pouring hurrieda'.es into his ear, or pressing papers upon

h?m with the vehemence of extreme urgency. What do they ask for? They allwant office and want it quickly. Yousee the President bewildered, confusedand after a little while you come to theunwelcome conclusion that the greatchief of the American republic, in his present situation at least, is an object of pity.From him you go to visit th e ministers efstate, the heads of departments, and whatdo you find there ? You expect, of course.to see them at least, if the President isotherwise occupied, engaged in an arduousstudy of their great duties, for . to themalso these duties are new. But you findthe same spectacle there ; a. pressingmultitude 'asking for office. You visitSenators and Representatives, and howdo you find them ? Engaged in the consideration of the great political questions,whose solution the situation of things de-

mand of them ? No ; you find them sur-

rounded by the same crowd, dogged fromplace to place, marching along the avenueat a hurried step, followed by a long trainof anxious pursuers, running to the Presi-dent, running to the departments nay,you may follow them even to anotherplace in some of these splendid publicbuildings of ours a side office, wherethey pay their respects to a young gentleman who at first must appear to youone of the high dignitaries ; and you aresomewhat astonished when you hear thathe is the appointed clerk, who very graciously receives the Representatives ofthe people, with their hats in their hands,and condescendingly dispenses his favorsupon them, or with polite regret assuresthem that he cannot accommodate themall. Sir, it is by no means with a feelingof pride that I make the confession, but Imust say that, carried away by the sys-tem which prevails. I have been theremyself and I have witnessed the sceneAnd now, sir, what are all these men engaged in? What does this spectacle offrantic hurry and pressure mean? Itmeans nothing more or less than that thePresident, the members of the cabinet,Senators, aad Representatives, and thewhole multitude which fills the capital,busy in taking to pieces the whole machinery of the government immediatelyauer tne accession to power oi the newadministration, then torecompose it againout of sew materials. From the Collec-

tor of Customs in New York down to themeanest postmaster in the country, fromthe minister plenipotentiary down to thetide-waite- r, all must be removed to makeroom for new men. Nobody is to bespared but some- - old experts here andthere in government offices, withoutwhose experienced aid the machinerywould come to an absolute standstill.Such, you are told, has become the established custom in this great republic ofours ; and the same spectacle repeats itself every four years. You ask yourself.is this necessary, is it desirable ? And ifit were necessary or desirable would thisbe an opportune moment for doing it ?

Why, sir, the President and heads of thedepartments, just having been put intheir places, are new to the duties theyhave to perform, new to the requirementsof the service which they have to carryon, unacquainted with the personnel theyhave to deal with. It would seem extremely difficult for them even to forman intelligent judgment at first of thepropriety of any change to be made, however limited. Nothing, therefore, wouldbe more urgently required than calm reflection, a quiet survey of the whole field,so as to ascertain what there is calling fortransformation, and what the means are,and where and how proper material canbe found, to execute it. And yet justat that moment, when ; to use a popularphrase, hardly anybody is knowing whathe is about just at that very momentthe tremendous operation is to be performed of taking to pieces (he whole ma-

chinery of the government and recompos-ing it again out of new material. Now,sir, what is to guide the appointing power in this fearful and perplexing task ?Is it personal knowledge? Impossible.They do not know the men who are applying for office; in nine hundred andninety-nin- e of a thousand cases theynever saw them never heard of them.What is it then? They are required toact on recommendations, and thoserecommendations are put on paper. Youare curious to see such a paper, and oneof the aspirants, perhaps, considering youan important man, will be very glad tohand it to you ; may be to obtain yoursignature, too, in his favor. And whatdo you read? The applicant for office isrepresented to be the model man of theage in point of character, of intelligence,of capacity, and of political merit ; he isjust the man for such a place, and itwould inflict serious damage on the coun-try not to appoint him. You ask hisneighbor, who perhaps is his competitor,and he will inform you that the sameman who in the paper is described as themodel man of the republic is a very shab-by character, and that no more improp-er person could be selected; but that hehimself (the competitor) is just the manwhose services the public needs. Now,sir, how are these recommendations madeand how are they obtained ? Look at theCongressman who is to distribute the of-

fices ia his district. Laboring underthe pressure coming from those who exer-cise political influence among his consti-tuents, he ia not permitted to follow hisown jndgment. He is bound to a greatmany of his "political friends" by whathe considers honorable political obliga-tions and he is forced to take their judg-ment in a great many cases for his own.Sometimes, indeed, he has a personalknowledge of the individuals he is torecommend; but in a great many casesnot. So you see that by no means in allcases the recommendations of the Con-gressmen Vor office in his district are hisown, but forced upon him by other peo-

ple, to be taken upon trust. But v. tooffices not local, you witness the inter-

esting spectacle of Senators and Repre-

sentatives It is the organi-

zation of a mutual insurance ' society ;

"You sign this recommendation of myfriend, I sign that recommendation iyours." . It is a matter of mutual accom-modation. And here, the element of per-sonal knowledge enters but rarely.What must the consequences be? - Con-sider our Senatorial duty to act in a judi-cial capacity , on the err . lion or re-

jection of nominations : w .. cr we ourselves, without personal 'knowledge ofthe individual, hnve akV." ir. frnrrrint'and thin loci; at a cu:- vL;.- - J.,: r i.'- -l

to myself. At the aouciiaii.- - u oi a iiitLdon this floor I put my name to a recommendation, in good faith, and on thestrength of that paper, bearing many sig-natures, the President nominated the ap-

plicant ; and when his name came beforethe Senate, and we had to pass sentenceupon him, I learned things which, had Iknown them, would never have permit-ted me to join in the recommendation-Bu- t

there he was ; and possibly my ownsignature, together with those of otherSenators, had induced the President tonominate him. What should we do whencalled upon to confirm or reject the nom-ination? Reject a nomination we our-selves had induced the President to make?Or confirm it against the dictates of ourown consciences t Do you perceive theconflict between duty and fairness whichthe present way of doing things is so aptto bring upoaVus? And I venture to saythat no session passes by without the oc-

currence of many similar cvses. There.then are recommendations with and with-out personal knowledge, extorted andfreely given, honest and dishonest ; andthese are the things which are to guidethe appointing power in that most im-

portant and difficult operation, the sudden and hurried disorganization and re-

organization of the whole of the administrative machinery. And. sir, this is notthe worst feature of the business. I haveknown instances where a regular office-brokera- ge

was established, and where amember of this Senate, not now here, agentleman of the most honored characterwas induced by friends to sign arecommendation for a third individual,by which that third individual was toobtain an appointment in one of the de-

partments, the "friend" having exactedand obtained a fee of $100 to procure thesignature of the Senator. The Senatorwould have kicked that friend out of hispresenoe had he any suspicion of the dishonorable traffic But I ask you, canyou tell, or can I tell, if we are facileenough to sign papers at the request ofoutside friends, that we have not ' falleninto the same snare, and that yours andmy signature have not been sold by anoffice-brok- er for money? Now, sir, you,as an enlightened citizen of the world,observing these things, find this rather awild way in which the affairs of this greatrepublic are carried on at Washington.Yok are somewhat bewildered, and youextend your inquiries further, to ascer-tain whether the same wild way prevailseverywhere else. You go to New York."T ! oi 41a ,na(Am-knn- u . wam V m.

of the magnitude of the interests admin-istered there; you know that the reve-nues of that Custom-hous-e are now farlarger than were the revenues of thewhole government "not a great manyyears ago; you notice how complicatedthat tremendous machinery is, teemingwith weighers and gangers and inspectorsand appraisers and examiners and clerksof all descriptions. A new collector hasjust been appointed to direct and controlthat mighty engine. He is a sort of aPresident on' a small scale. Being a newman you find him perplexed with thegreatness, variety, delicacy, and responsi-bility of his duties ; duties new to him,duties which, in their complexity, he willnot be able clearly to understand, muchless successfully to perform, without care-

ful study and close application. And yet,what is he doing? The same thing whichyou found the President to be doing, andthe members of the Cabinet; he is dis-

tributing offices. He is overwhelmedwith applications. He has received in afew days about fifteen thousand of them,and the pressure of applicants and .theirfriends bids fair to drive him crazp. He,too, is obliged to take to pieces the wholemachinery of the Custom-hous- e and (oreconstruct it again in a hurry. You askhim, why all this ? He will tell you it isa political necessity. A political necessi-ty, sir ! Is not the first political necessi-ty the conscientious and efficient collec-

tion of the revenue? No, sir. He willtell you that there is a political necessityfax above that," of a much higher order;and you discover that the great Custom-house at New York is essentially a po-

litical machine. It is to control, as muchas possible, the politics of the City andState ol New York in the interest ef theruling party. Now, sir, what are the in-

fluences pressing upon that unfortunatepotentate, the collector ? We heard theSenator from New York (Mr. Conkling)ay the other day that he had carefully

abstained from making any recommenda-tions for office in the Custom-hous- e. ICertainly believe this assertion ; and allhonor to him for it. , But I am sure thathere we may behold not the rule, but anexception. You may think that in NewYork, things were in a bad condition, butat other places they would present them-selves differently. Go across the conti-nent :o Sanfrancisco, and you will "findexactly the same system working there,leading to similar lesults. You will betold there that under the prevailing sys-tem five collectors went out of office asdefaulters to the government You willbe told that under the . law, officers are tobe examined before they are appointed,and yet the very heads of those estab-lishments will at the same time, informyou that the examination is a mere farce ;that as soon as the examining boardknows whom the collector wants appoint-ed the favorite candidates will pass theexamination without the least difficulty.And ao you go from place to place, youexamine office after office, and you willfind the same system at work, and youwill find that it tends to produce similarresults only different in degree. Mr.President, you pause after having exam-ined all this and take a general survey.I ask you in all candor and soberness, isnot this like Bedlan? Look over, allthe civilized countries of the world; doyou discover anything equal to it ? Lookat the characteristic features of the pre-

vailing system? You observe that inmaking appointments the interests of thepublic service are I will not say in allcases, but certainly in a very great pro-

portion of cases a consideration of onlysecondary importance. Men are appoint-ed for what they have done or are to dofor the party, and not for what they havedone or are to do for the public service.They are not unfreqnently appointed t