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ecific Intervals
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pecific Intervals
Let's learn a few specific intervals.
A major secondis made up of two half steps.
C to D is a major second since it is a generic second on the staff and two half steps on the
keyboard.
E to F# would be another example of a major second.
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A major thirdis made up of four half steps.
C to E is a major third.
E to G# is also a major third.
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A perfect fourthis made up of five half steps.
C to F is a perfect fourth.
F to Bb is also a perfect fourth.
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A major sixthis made up of nine half steps.
C to A is a major sixth.
Eb to C is also a major sixth.
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Finally, a perfect eighth(or perfect octave) is made up of twelve half steps.
C to C is a perfect eighth.
The terms majorand perfectrefer to the interval's quality.
Only seconds, thirds, sixths, and sevenths can have a major quality. Firsts, fourths, fifths, and
eighths use perfectinstead.
Next, let's discuss minorintervals.
A minor interval has one less half step than a major interval.
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For example: since C to E is a major third (4 half steps), C to Eb is a minor third (3 half steps).
E to G is also a minor third (since E to G# is a major third).
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Since minor intervals transform from major intervals; only seconds, thirds, sixths, and sevenths
can be minor.
An augmentedinterval has one more half step than a perfect interval.
Since C to F is a perfect fourth (5 half steps), C to F# would be an augmented fourth (6 half step
F to B is also an augmented fourth (since F to Bb is a perfect fourth).
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Major intervals can be augmented by adding a half step.
For example, since C to A is a major sixth (9 half steps), C to A# is an augmented sixth (10 half
steps).
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Db to B is also an augmented 6th (Since Db to Bb is a major sixth).
A diminishedinterval has one less half step than a perfect interval.
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Recall that C to B is a major seventh (11 half steps) and C to Bb is a minor seventh (10 half ste
C to Bbb is a diminished seventh (9 half steps).
This chart shows the relationship among the different interval qualities.
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This chart shows the number of half steps that each specific interval contains.
pecific Intervals
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