South Asia South Asia

How does the physical

environment affect the people of this

region?

How does the physical

environment affect the people of this

region?

What is South Asia?What is South Asia?

• Geology.Com• Geology.Com

India - the heart of South

Asia

India - the heart of South

Asia

• Geology.Com• Geology.Com

Pakistan - the Indus Valley

Pakistan - the Indus Valley

Bangladesh - the Ganges &

Bramaputra Delta

Bangladesh - the Ganges &

Bramaputra Delta

Nepal - HimalayasNepal - Himalayas

• Summit of Everest is made of limestone

• Fossils found at 18,000 ft on Everest– Evidence that this rock used to be underwater - the bed of a shallow tropical sea

• How did this happen?

• Summit of Everest is made of limestone

• Fossils found at 18,000 ft on Everest– Evidence that this rock used to be underwater - the bed of a shallow tropical sea

• How did this happen?

Tectonics - the moving crust!

Tectonics - the moving crust!

• South Asia is the result of colliding continents

• Collision produced Himalayas

• South Asia is the result of colliding continents

• Collision produced Himalayas

QuickTime™ and aMPEG-4 Video decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

Sediments on sea floor were squeezed up to form Fold Mountains

- Himalayas

Sediments on sea floor were squeezed up to form Fold Mountains

- Himalayas

What effect does this movement have?

What effect does this movement have?

What effect does this movement have?

What effect does this movement have?

Tectonics - the moving crust!

Tectonics - the moving crust!

• South Asia is the result of colliding continents

• Collision produced Himalayas

• Earthquake Patterns are a legacy of this movement

• South Asia is the result of colliding continents

• Collision produced Himalayas

• Earthquake Patterns are a legacy of this movement

QuickTime™ and aMPEG-4 Video decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

Tsunami - global effects!

Tsunami - global effects!

• Shock wave crossed Pacific Ocean

• Diminishing power with distance

• Shock wave crossed Pacific Ocean

• Diminishing power with distance QuickTime™ and a

MPEG-4 Video decompressorare needed to see this picture.

Areas affected by Tsunami

Areas affected by Tsunami

Death toll as of Feb 23 2005Death toll as of Feb 23 2005

Center for Excellence in Disaster Management

Tectonic forces

produced the basic

structure of the landscape

Tectonic forces

produced the basic

structure of the landscape

What effect does this structure

have?

What effect does this structure

have?

What effect does this physical structure have?

What effect does this physical structure have?

Deccan Plateau

Indian Ocean

Central AsiaTibetan PlateauHimalayas

The Indian Monsoon: SummerThe Indian Monsoon: Summer

Deccan Plateau

Indian Ocean

Central AsiaTibetan PlateauHimalayas

Hot ground

Hot air rising (Low Pressure)

The Indian MonsoonThe Indian Monsoon

Deccan Plateau

Indian Ocean

Central AsiaTibetan PlateauHimalayas

Moist air drawn north Hot ground

Hot air rising (Low Pressure)

The Indian MonsoonThe Indian Monsoon

Deccan Plateau

Indian Ocean

Central AsiaTibetan PlateauHimalayas

Moist air drawn north Hot ground

Hot air rising (Low Pressure)

Air rises,cools, clouds form

Rain!

The Indian MonsoonThe Indian Monsoon

Deccan Plateau

Indian Ocean

Central AsiaTibetan PlateauHimalayas

Moist air drawn north Hot ground

Hot air rising (Low Pressure)

Air rises,cools, clouds form

Rain!

Monsoon CloudsMonsoon Clouds

Trek Nature.com photo62187

Towering Cumulus Kerala, India

The Indian Monsoon: WinterThe Indian Monsoon: Winter

Deccan Plateau

Indian Ocean

Central AsiaTibetan PlateauHimalayas

Cold, dry air builds up

Very Cold Ground

Air chilled and sinks ( High

Pressure)

The Indian Monsoon: WinterThe Indian Monsoon: Winter

Deccan Plateau

Indian Ocean

Central AsiaTibetan PlateauHimalayas

Dry air spills over Himalayas

Very Cold Ground

Air chilled and sinks ( High

Pressure)

The Indian Monsoon: WinterThe Indian Monsoon: Winter

Deccan Plateau

Indian Ocean

Central AsiaTibetan PlateauHimalayas

Dry air spills over Himalayas

Very Cold Ground

Air chilled and sinks ( High

Pressure)Dry Air= no clouds= NO RAIN

Monsoon RainfallMonsoon RainfallMonthly Rainfall Bangalore

0

50

100

150

200

250

J F M A M J J A S O N D

Monthly Total (mm)

www.tsiindia.com

Arrival of the Monsoon

Arrival of the Monsoon

Nishantapur, Bangladesh

National Geographic Student Atlas

Arrival of the MonsoonArrival of the Monsoon

Turag River, Bangladesh (National Geographic)

What effect does the Monsoon have?

What effect does the Monsoon have?

• Good Monsoon = good harvest• Good Monsoon = good harvest

Madhya Pradesh, India, 1988 (National Geographic)

What effect does the Monsoon have?

What effect does the Monsoon have?

• Gujarat 2005• Bangladesh 2004• Gujarat 2005• Bangladesh 2004

Dakar, Bangladesh ( National Geographic)

The Bay of BengalThe Bay of Bengal

Unusual Signs!Unusual Signs!

• In the northern Indian city of Lucknow - mouse perches on a frog in “waist-deep” flood water

• A small sign of the early arrival of annual summer monsoon rains.

• In the northern Indian city of Lucknow - mouse perches on a frog in “waist-deep” flood water

• A small sign of the early arrival of annual summer monsoon rains.

National Geographic.com

Issue: How do different

nations cope with such disasters?

Issue: How do different

nations cope with such disasters?

• Think about the following questions– Why was this Tsunami so widely reported?

– How would you compare Hurricane Katrina’s effects with that of the Tsunami?

– How did New Orleans cope compared to say, Acheh Province?

• Think about the following questions– Why was this Tsunami so widely reported?

– How would you compare Hurricane Katrina’s effects with that of the Tsunami?

– How did New Orleans cope compared to say, Acheh Province?

SourcesSources

• Wikipedia• National Geographic.

• Wikipedia• National Geographic.