Soft Tissue Injuries

Abrasion

•Scrape

•no active bleeding

•ex: skinned knee

Laceration

•Cut

•abbrev: LAC

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Contusion

•bruise

Avulsion

•Tissue forcibly torn from body

•ex: dog bite

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Near-amputation

•Body part still attached by tendon or ligament

Amputation

•Body part torn off

•AKA: above-the-knee amputation

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TRAUMA

•General term meaning injury

Penetrating Trauma

•Sharp object forced into skin

•Ex: stabbing, pencil in hand

Impaled Object

•Object still stuck in body

•don’t remove!!!!

Blunt Trauma•Body struck with hard object

•ex: hit with baseball

Evisceration

•Exposure of intestines due to abdominal injury

Tx of Evisceration•Cover with vaseline coated gauze and then cover with tin foil.

GSW

•Gun shot wound

•look for entrance and exit wounds

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Bleeding•Arterial: spurting bright red blood

•Venous: oozing darker red blood

Tx of Bleeding•Apply direct pressure

•don’t remove dressings--just apply more on top

Tx of Bleeding•Elevate above level of heart

•use pressure points if necessary

Tx of Bleeding

•Use tourniquets only as LAST resort!!!!

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First Degree Burn

• Superficial burn

• involved epidermis only

• redness, mild swelling, pain

First Degree Burn

•Sunburn

•brief contact with hot object/steam

Second Degree Burn

• Partial Thickness burn

• injury to epidermis & dermis

• blisters form

• most painful burn

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Second Degree Burn

• Excessive sun exposure• sunlamp• artificial radiation• hot or boiling liquid• fire

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Third Degree Burn

• Full Thickness Burn

• most severe

• involves all layers of skin + underlying tissue

Third Degree Burn

•appears white or charred

•destroys nerve endings

Third Degree Burn

• Fire• prolonged contact with hot

object• electricity• hot/boiling liquid

Treatment for Burns

Burns: TX

•Remove source of heat

•cool affected area

Burns: TX

•relieve pain

•treat for shock

•prevent infection

Leg 18%

Arm 9%Head 9%

Trunk 36%

Groin 1%