Smallpox

Divya Raj

History• 3,000 years ago- Africa, Asia, Europe• New World- 1400s-1500s

• Variola (major/ minor)• Orthopoxvirus, Poxiviridae• Brick• Linear double-stranded DNA

Smallpox Types• Variola• Vaccinia• Cowpox• Monkeypox

Transmission• Airborne• Bodily Fluids• Contagious

Symptoms• Fever• Malaise• Headache• Fatigue• Back Pain• Vomiting, Diarrhea• Rash- Spots, Blisters

Vs. Chickenpox• Severity- Superficial• Location- Trunk• Type- Stage of lesions• Timing- Contagiousness

4 Types• Ordinary- 90%,

unvaccinated• Modified- vaccinated• Malignant- 5-10%,

children• Hemorrhagic- 2%, adults

Prognosis• 30% overall• 50-75% ordinary- confluent• 25-30% ordinary- semi-confluent• 90%- Flat• 100%- Hemorrhagic• 1%- Minor

Complications• Scars- 65-85%• Blindness- 2-5%

Treatment• None• Supportive• Inoculation/ Variolation

Vaccine• Edward Jenner• 1796• Cowpox• Side Effects

Eradication• 1979• Atlanta, Koltsovo• Destruction

• Biological warfare• Lack of vaccination

References• http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/rxforsurvival/series/video/

index.html• http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/rxforsurvival/series/diseases/s

mallpox.html• http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/smallpox/en/• http://www.bt.cdc.gov/agent/smallpox/index.asp• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smallpox• http://www.nlm.nih.gov/exhibition/smallpox/

sp_threat.html• http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/smallpox/DS00424/

DSECTION=symptoms

• http://www.eduplace.com/science/hmsc/6/a/cricket/cktcontent_6a22.shtml