Post on 14-Oct-2015
description
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
1/89
EARTHQUAKE/GEMPABUMI
(dan tsunami)
Subagyo PramumijoyoLaboratorium Geologi Dinamik, Jurusan Teknik Geologi FT UGM
E-mail: bagyo@ugm.ac.id
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
2/89
X
Z
Y
PARTS OF OUR GLOBE
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
3/89
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
4/89
SEISMIC WAVES
Hypocentrum
Primary /
Longitudinal wave
Secondary /
Transversal wave
Hypocentrum
Shadow zones
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
5/89
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
6/89
Distribution of EQ EpicentrumMb>4, Periode 1961-1967
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
7/89
PLATES BOUNDARIES
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
8/89
Convergent plate boundary
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
9/89
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
10/89
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
11/89
ACTIVE dynamic Factor : PASSIVE dynamic Factor :1. Gravitation2. Climate3. Biologic action
4. ACTIVE TECTONICS
5. Lithology6. Geologic structure7. Position on surface
(Campy & Macaire, 1989)
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
12/89
SOIL FORMATION AND SEDIMENT
TRANSPORTATION
(Campy & Macaire, 1989)
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
13/89
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
14/89
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
15/89
USGS
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
16/89
TYPE OF EQ WAVES
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
17/89
P wave
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
18/89
S wave
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
19/89
R wave
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
20/89
L wave
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
21/89
PRINSIPLE of SEISMOGRAPH
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
22/89
Sumber :
Bumi-Pustaka Alam LIFE
1979
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
23/89
Sumber :Bumi-Pustaka Alam LIFE, 1979
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
24/89
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
25/89
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
26/89
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
27/89
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
28/89
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
29/89
TYPES OF FAULTS
Normal fault Reverse fault
Strike-slip fault
Dextral strike-slip fault Sinistral ss fault
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
30/89
FAULTING AND EQ
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
31/89
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
32/89
Modified Mercalli Scale of Earthquake Intensity
IV Felt indoors during the day by many people. Windows, dishes, and doors rattle,
glassware and crockery clink and clash.
V Felt indoors by nearly everyone. Frightens many, some run outdoors. Some
broken dishes, glassware, and windows. Minor cracking of plaster. Moves small
objects, spill liquids, ring small bells, and sways tall objects.
VI Felt by all, many frightened and run outdoors. Dishes, glassware, and windows
break in considerable quantities. Book and pictures fall. Furniture moves oroverturns. Weak plaster walls and some brick walls crack. Damage is slight.
VII Frightens all, difficult to stand. Damage slight to moderate in well-built
ordinary buildings. Numerous windows and chimneys break. Small landslides
occur. Waves on ponds, water becomes turbid.
VIII Fright is general. Disturbs drivers of automobiles. Heavy furniture overturns.Damage considerable in ordinary substantial building, partial collapses. Most walls,
chimneys, towers, and monuments fall. Well water levels change. Cracks appear.
IX General panic. Damage considerable in masonry structures. Ground cracks
conspicuously. Underground pipes break. Liquefactions occur in soft sediment areas.
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
33/89
YOGYAKARTA EQ
2006
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
34/89
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
35/89
GEOLOGIC MAP OF
YOGYAKARTA AND
SUROUNDING
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
36/89
GEOLOGICAL MAP OF SOUTHERN YOGYAKARTA
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
37/89
SURFACE WAVE AMPLIFICATION
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
38/89
SURFACE WAVE AMPLIFICATION
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
39/89
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
40/89
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
41/89
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
42/89
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
43/89
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
44/89
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
45/89
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
46/89
Liquefaction
Landslide at Cermai Cave
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
47/89
Landslide at Cermai Cave
LANDSLIDE AT SENGIR VILLAGE
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
48/89
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
49/89
TSUNAMI
Shallow EQ at the bottom of sea, lake
Magnitude > 6
Vertical movement
Tsunami hazard map of Indonesia
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
50/89
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
51/89
H t i f d?
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
52/89
How tsunami formed?
Indo-Australian plate
Eurasian plate
CIAMIS - CILACAP
TEKNIK GEOLOGI FAKULTAS TEKNIK UGM
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
53/89
CIAMIS - CILACAP
Eurasian plate
Indo-Australian plate
TEKNIK GEOLOGI FAKULTAS TEKNIK UGM
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
54/89
Rising up wave
CIAMIS - CILACAP
Eurasian plate
Indo-Australian plate
TEKNIK GEOLOGI FAKULTAS TEKNIK UGM
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
55/89
Tsunami
CIAMIS - CILACAP
Eurasian plate
Indo-Australian plate
TEKNIK GEOLOGI FAKULTAS TEKNIK UGM
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
56/89
TSUNAMI ACEH
2004
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
57/89
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
58/89
Tsunami wave simulation
10 minutes after main shock
http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/PRAMUMIJOYO/My%20Documents/AcehTsunami-2.gifhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/PRAMUMIJOYO/My%20Documents/AcehTsunami-2.gifhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/PRAMUMIJOYO/My%20Documents/AcehTsunami-2.gif5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
59/89
BANDA ACEH
and
Sourounding
Area
Source: Digital Globe
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
60/89
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
61/89
BANDA ACEH City Area
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
62/89
y
Source: Digital Globe
BANDA ACEH CITY
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
63/89
Source: Digital Globe
BANDA ACEH CITY
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
64/89
Source: Digital Globe
W part of BANDA ACEH City
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
65/89
p y
Source: Digital Globe
W part of BANDA ACEH City
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
66/89
Source: Digital Globe
p y
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
67/89
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
68/89
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
69/89
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
70/89
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
71/89
CAN WE PREDICT EQ ?
Java Earthquake Potential
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
72/89
On land earthquakes 1600-1921 (Dr. Visser, 1922)
Jogyakarta earthquake (1867)
SUMARY OF JAVA EARTHQUAKE 1840 2005
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
73/89
SUMARY OF JAVA EARTHQUAKE 18402005(Newcomb and McCann, 1987)
1994 (Pancer) M 7.4
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
74/89
Next?2000
2007
2007
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
75/89
MITIGATION AND PREPARDNESS
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
76/89
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
77/89
ANXIETYTRAUMA..
NEED OF PUBLIC HEALING .
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
78/89
How to survive an earthquake
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
79/89
How to survive an earthquake
Stay under strong objects, like desk or cars. Get down beside a large bulky object.
If you are in bed, roll off it near the bottom of the
bed.
If in a car, get out and lie next to the vehicle.
Never go to stairs.
Dont shelter under the doorway arch.
Wooden building are safer than brick building.
pace an t me mens on n naturaphenomena
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
80/89
phenomena
(John, 1995)
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
81/89
GEOHAZARD
EVENT
RESPONSESRESPONSES
REHABILITATIONREHABILITATIONMITIGATIONMITIGATION
PREVENTION &PREVENTION &
PREPARDNESSPREPARDNESS
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
82/89
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
83/89
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
84/89
LANDSLIDE ATLEMBAH BALIEM
PAPUA
LEMBAH BALIEM
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
85/89
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
86/89
JEMBER FLOODING
2006
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
87/89
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
88/89
5/24/2018 slide gempa bumi
89/89